ཉོན་མོངས་པ། | Glossary of Terms

Also rendered here as afflictive emotion.

In Buddhism, affliction (Skt. kleśa) refers to any destructive mental state that causes suffering and continued existence in saṃsāra. In this regard, the three basic kleśas are ignorance, attachment, and aversion (or hatred). In terms of etymology, the primary meaning is “defilement.” This is reflected in the middle-Indic kileśa and Pali kilesa which mean “to soil, stain, defile.” The meaning “affliction” is a secondary meaning that derives from a more general (non-Buddhist) classical understanding based on the verbal root kliś (“afflict, torment, cause pain”).

Mental factors that disturb the mind and incite unwholesome deeds of body, speech, and mind.

A type of mental imperfection. The most basic afflictions are attachment, aversion, and confusion.

Negative qualities in the mind, the basic three being ignorance, attachment, and aversion.

See “kleśa.”

A term meaning “defilement” or “affliction” that refers to a wide range of mental factors that disturb the mind and lead to unwholesome deeds by body, speech, and mind. The Pāli kilesa, Middle-Indic kileśa, and Sanskrit kleśa all primarily mean “to soil, stain, defile.” The meaning “affliction” is a secondary development that derives from the more general (non-Buddhist) classical understanding of kliś (“to harm, to afflict”). Both meanings are noted by Buddhist commentators. The basic three defilements are attachment, aversion, and ignorance.

The afflictions that hold one back from awakening, often listed as desire (rāga), anger (pratigha), pride (māna), ignorance (avidyā), wrong views (kudṛṣti), and indecision (vicikitsā).

Desire, hatred and anger, dullness, pride, and jealousy, as well as all their derivatives, said to number 84,000. Also translated “passions.”

Any defiled mental state that disturbs the mind.

Literally “pain,” “torment,” or “affliction.” In Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit it literally means “impurity” or “depravity.” In its technical use in Buddhism it means any negative quality in the mind that causes continued existence in saṃsāra. There are said to be 84,000 of these negative mental qualities for which the 84,000 categories of the Buddha’s teachings serve as the antidote. These mental disturbances can be subsumed into the three or five poisons of attachment, anger, and ignorance plus arrogance and jealousy. Also translated here as “disturbing emotions.”

A type of mental imperfection, the most basic afflictions being attachment, aversion and confusion.

Defiled mental or emotional states that disturb the mind. Said to number eighty-four thousand.

Defiled mental or emotional states that disturb the mind. Said to number eighty-four thousand.

A type of mental imperfection; the most basic afflictions are attachment, aversion, and confusion.

Literally “pain,” “torment,” or “affliction.” In Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit it literally means “impurity” or “depravity.” In its technical use in Buddhism it means any negative quality in the mind that causes continued existence in saṃsāra. There are the 84,000 variations of mental disturbances for which the 84,000 categories of the Buddha’s teachings serve as the antidote. These mental disturbances can be subsumed into the three or five poisons of attachment, aversion, and ignorance plus arrogance and jealousy.

The afflictions are mental factors that afflict the mind and lead to unwholesome actions of body, speech, and mind, which in turn produce suffering. The basic afflictions in all schools of Buddhism are considered to be attachment (rāga/lobha), hostility (dveṣa), and delusion (moha).

A type of mental imperfection, the most basic afflictions being attraction, aversion, and confusion.

The three main afflictions are ignorance, desire, and anger.

Also rendered here as afflictive emotion.

Mental and emotional traits that bind one to saṃsāra; the fundamental three are ignorance, desire, and anger.

Mental and emotional traits that bind one to saṃsāra; the fundamental three are ignorance, desire, and anger. When the term refers to the fundamental three, it tends to be translated as “the afflictions.”

The harmful and mistaken mental states to which beings become accustomed and that (along with karma) bind beings to rebirth in cyclic existence.

A type of mental imperfection; the most basic afflictions are attachment, aversion, and confusion.

A type of mental imperfection or disturbing emotion that binds one to saṃsāra.

Afflictive emotions or mental factors such as the three poisons that disturb the mind, bind one to cyclic existence, and obstruct liberation.

The term refers to the three (hatred, ignorance, and greed) or the five (the same with the addition of envy and pride) “afflictions.”

Mental and emotional traits that bind one to saṃsāra; the fundamental three are ignorance, desire, and anger.

There are the 84,000 variations of defilements for which the 84,000 categories of the Buddha’s teachings serve as the antidote. These defilements can be subsumed into the five or three poisons of attachment, aversion, and ignorance (the three), plus arrogance and jealousy (the five).

In Pali (kilesa) and Prakrit (kileśa) the meaning is “to soil, stain, defile.” This primary meaning is retained in the Sanskrit, where the defilement metaphor is attested by many canonical passages. The meaning “affliction” is a secondary development, deriving from the more general (non-Buddhist) classical understanding of kliś (“to afflict”).

In Buddhism, kleśa refers to any disturbing and destructive mental state that causes suffering and continued existence in saṃsāra. In this regard, the three basic kleśas are delusion, attachment, and aversion (or hatred). In terms of etymology, the primary meaning is “defilement.” This is reflected in the Middle Indic kileśa and Pali kilesa, which mean “to soil, stain, defile.” The meaning “affliction” is a secondary meaning that derives from a more general (non-Buddhist) classical understanding based on the verbal root kliś (“afflict, torment, cause pain”). Both senses are noted by later Buddhist commentators.

A type of mental affliction. The most basic defilements are attachment, aversion, and confusion.

See “affliction.”

Mental and emotional traits that bind one to saṃsāra; the fundamental three are attachment, aversion, and delusion. Also translated here as “pollution.”

Also called “delusions,” “afflictions,” or “addictive emotions,” these are mental states that produce turmoil and confusion and thus disturb mental peace and happiness (Rigzin 133).

Mental and emotional traits that bind one to saṃsāra; the fundamental three are ignorance, desire, and anger.

Literally “pain,” “torment,” or “affliction.” In Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit it literally means “impurity” or “depravity.” In its technical use in Buddhism it refers to any negative quality in the mind, which causes continued existence in saṃsāra. The basic three kleśas are ignorance, attachment, and aversion.

Literally “pain,” “torment,” or “affliction.” In Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit it literally means “impurity” or “depravity.” In its technical use in Buddhism it means any negative quality in the mind that causes continued existence in saṃsāra. The basic three kleśas are ignorance, attachment, and aversion.

Literally “pain,” “torment,” or “affliction.” In Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit it means literally “impurity” or “depravity.” In its technical use in Buddhism it means any negative quality in the mind that causes continued existence in saṃsāra. The basic three kleśas are ignorance, attachment, and aversion. Also rendered here as “affliction.”

A term meaning “defilement” or “affliction” that refers to a wide range of mental factors that disturb the mind and lead to unwholesome deeds by body, speech, and mind. The Pāli kilesa, Middle-Indic kileśa, and Sanskrit kleśa all primarily mean “to soil, stain, defile.” The meaning “affliction” is a secondary development that derives from the more general (non-Buddhist) classical understanding of kliś (“to harm, to afflict”). Both meanings are noted by Buddhist commentators. The basic three defilements are attachment, aversion, and confusion.

The afflictions that hold one back from awakening, often listed as attachment, anger , ignorance.

Afflictive emotions, such as the three poisons, that bind one to cyclic existence.

Afflictive emotions, such as the three poisons, that bind one to cyclic existence.

Here in Transformation of Karma Tibetan nyon mongs pa is an old Tibetan expression for sdug bsngal ba (see Rnam rgyal tshe ring 2001, s.v. nyon mongs pa) and is used in the senses of to afflict, distress, to cause someone (mental) pain or suffering; distressing; (living in) distress (n.).

See “affliction.”

See “afflictive emotions.”

The mental states that cause unrest in the mind, distorting the view of reality.

Afflictive emotions. There are the 84,000 variations of mental disturbances for which the 84,000 categories of the Buddha’s teachings serve as the antidote. These mental disturbances can be subsumed into the three or five poisons of attachment, aversion, and ignorance plus arrogance and jealousy.

Desire, hatred and anger, dullness, pride, and jealousy, as well as all their derivatives, said to number 84,000. Also translated “afflictions.”

Also translated here as “afflictive emotion.”

The afflictions that hold one back from awakening, often listed as desire (rāga), anger (pratigha), pride (māna), ignorance (avidyā), wrong views (kudṛṣti), and indecision (vicikitsā).