སྤོབས་པ། | Glossary of Terms

Inspiration and courage that particularly manifest in endowing one with brilliant abilities in oration.

Also translated here as “courage.”

The Tibetan word literally means “confidence” or “courage” but it refers to confident speech, to being perfectly eloquent, especially in expressing the Dharma.

The Tibetan word literally means “confidence” or “courage” but it refers to confident speech, to being perfectly eloquent.

Also translated here as “courage.”

The capacity of realized beings to speak in a confident and inspiring manner.

Inspiration and courage that manifests in particular in one’s endowment with brilliant abilities in oration.

The quality of intelligence, inspiration, and confident knowledge that allows one to teach and talk in the most appropriate way, even for very long stretches of time.

Also translated here as “inspired eloquence.”

Also translated here as “eloquence.”

Also translated here as “eloquence.”

Inspiration and courage that manifests in particular endowing one with brilliant abilities in oration.

The translation is meant to somehow echo the etymology of prati + bhāna (“forth” + “shine”), and the term does mean something like “intelligence,” “inspiration,” or “eloquence,” often referring to the intelligent presence of mind that allows one to speak in the most appropriate way, even for very long stretches of time.

Inspiration, presence of mind, self-confidence, or quick-wittedness, particularly as manifested in speech.

Also translated here as “courage.” See also “exact knowledge of eloquent expression.”