The Invincible Sitātapatrā (2)
Colophon
Toh 593
Degé Kangyur, vol. 90 (rgyud, pha), folios 224.b–229.b
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First published 2023
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Table of Contents
Summary
This text presents a dhāraṇī featuring the female deity Sitātapatrā (White Umbrella Goddess), which issues from the uṣṇīṣa of the Buddha Śākyamuni as he rests in samādhi among the gods of the Heaven of the Thirty-Three. The text details a litany of dangers, illness, and threats and provides a spell formula that can be recited to avert them. Sitātapatrā and her spell have enjoyed a long history and sustained popularity as a source of security against illness and misfortune, and her spell is widely used in contemporary Buddhist communities to this day.
Acknowledgements
Translated by Samye Translations under the guidance of Phakchok Rinpoche. The translation and was produced by Stefan Mang, Roger Espel Llima, Ryan Conlon, and Paul Thomas. It was revised and finalized by the 84000 editorial team.
The translation was completed under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha.
Introduction
The Noble Dhāraṇī “The Invincible Sitātapatrā Born from the Uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata” (Toh 593) is one of four texts preserved in the Degé Kangyur (Toh 590–93) dedicated to the female deity Sitātapatrā (gdugs dkar po can), the White Umbrella Goddess. Though these four texts differ somewhat in length and arrangement, they all share the same core material and thus represent four unique variations of a single work. At the heart of each of these texts is a series of spell formulas that can be recited to avert a wide array of threats to health, well-being, and prosperity. The spell of Sitātapatrā has enjoyed sustained popularity as a source of security and protection in numerous Buddhist communities, as evidenced by its long and complex textual history and the numerous languages into which it has been translated. The four texts translated into Tibetan and preserved in Kangyur reflect distinct stages of the spell’s evolution, stages that mirror its development in the broader Buddhist community. Toh 593, The Noble Dhāraṇī “The Invincible Sitātapatrā Born from the Uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata,” is nearly identical to Toh 592, which shares the same title, differing primarily in the inclusion of the introductory narrative and conclusion it shares with Toh 590 and 591.
Three of the four canonical translations of the Sitātapatrā texts, including Toh 593, include a scriptural introduction (nidāna; gleng gzhi) that sets the stage for Śākyamuni’s revelation of the deity and her spell.1 The text begins in the Heaven of the Thirty-Three, where Śākyamuni is resting in samādhi among an assembly of monks, bodhisattvas, and the gods of the realm. While he is deep in samādhi, the spell issues from his uṣṇīṣa, resounding in full throughout the assembly. It begins with a long series of homages to the Three Jewels, an array of buddhas and other realized beings, and a number of gods and other figures from the brahmanical pantheon, including Brahmā, Indra, Śiva, and Viṣṇu. This opening homage is followed by verses invoking Sitātapatrā in the form of various female deities, including Tārā, Bhṛkuṭī, and Pāṇḍaravāsinī, thereby equating her with many of the most renowned female deities of the Buddhist tradition. Most of the teaching is dedicated to a series of spells and other recitation formulas that enjoin Sitātapatrā to intervene on the practitioner’s behalf to avert an exhaustive list of diseases, afflictions, rival spells, and the adverse influences of supernatural beings. The text concludes with a description of the effectiveness of the spell and the benefits of relying on Sitātapatrā.
Sitātapatrā and Her Spell
Sitātapatrā is at once the name of a spell and the deity it invokes. In the title of Toh 590 and throughout all four texts, Sitātapatrā is called a vidyā, a term that refers to both a class of deities and a type of magical formula, thus indicating their inseparability. To recite Sitātapatrā’s spell—or to wear it, inscribe it on a talisman, insert it into a caitya, and so forth—is to summon the powerful deity to intercede on one’s behalf. The primary name of the spell in Sanskrit is sarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrā,2 which is somewhat ambiguous given that the precise relationship between the compound sarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣa (“uṣṇīṣa[s] of all tathāgatas”) and sitātapatrā can be read in a number of plausible ways. The Tibetan translators settled on a specific interpretation by inserting the phrase nas byung ba (“born from”) in all versions of the title so that it reads, in Tibetan translation, Sitātapatrā born from the uṣṇīṣa of all tathāgatas.3 As this aligns well with the setting of the sūtra, in which the spell emerges from Śākyamuni’s uṣṇīṣa, we have followed this interpretation here.
As a magical formula, Sitātapatrā born from the uṣṇīṣa of all tathagatas is alternatively referred to as a vidyā (“spell”), a mahāvidyārajñī (“great queen of spells”), a dhāraṇī, and a mantra. These terms are used interchangeably to refer to the magical formulas that are used to avert the threats of disease, misfortune, aggression, and the influence of supernatural beings. Because the spell is held to be specifically effective for averting these threats before they strike, the spell is designated a pratyaṅgirā, an “averting ” or “counter” spell. And, because it is regarded as highly potent for this purpose, it is further referred to as aparājitā (“invincible”).4
The dangers Sitātapatrā can capably avert are enumerated in great detail and include a litany of physical illness and mental disorders, a vast demonology of supernatural forces that cause illness and distress, threats from kings, poisons, and animals, and even a detailed list of rival magical traditions whose spells pose a potential threat. Given this exhaustive treatment of the benefits of the spell, it is noteworthy that the path to liberation and the attainment of buddhahood are never mentioned. While it can be implicitly understood that averting disease, calamity, and supernatural dangers are requisites for the pursuit of awakening, spiritual goals are clearly subordinated in these texts to the goal of alleviating the worldly anxieties shared by all beings, Buddhist and non-Buddhist alike.
The texts on Sitātapatrā preserved in the Kangyur do not provide a detailed iconography of the goddess, saying only that she has a thousand heads, a thousand arms, a thousand legs, and a trillion eyes. This form of Sitātapatrā is still popular in the contemporary Buddhist tradition, but she is also depicted in a number of other forms in the various practice manuals derived from the canonical texts. This includes forms of the goddess with one face and two arms (Toh 3084), three faces and six arms (Toh 3114), and five faces and eight arms (Toh 2689).5
The circulation of texts on Sitātapatrā can be traced back to at least the eighth century, which is the proposed date of the earliest textual witnesses available.6 Given that the earliest versions of the spell were discovered in Central Asia, it is clear the spell was popular well before this time.7 Sitātapatrā continues to be relevant in the contemporary Vajrayāna traditions of Buddhism, especially in Nepal and Tibet, as demonstrated by the numerous copies of her spell that circulate. In Tibet, the Sitātapatrā spell was widely popular from an early period, as indicated by the large number of Sitātapatrā texts discovered at Dunhuang.8 A version of the Sitātapatrā spell is also said to have been specifically translated for Tri Songdetsen (khri srong lde’u btsan, r. 756–800), as we find it included among the “ten royal sūtras” (rgyal po’i mdo bcu) translated for the king at Padmasambhava’s recommendation.9 Numerous practice manuals and ritual texts for Sitātapatrā have been composed in Tibet into recent times, many of which draw explicitly from the canonical sources.10
The Canonical Texts
The four Sitātapatrā texts preserved in the Degé Kangyur are classified as kriyātantras, and they are further categorized among texts associated with the tathāgata family and listed alongside texts associated with other uṣṇīṣa deities such as Uṣṇīṣavijayā.11 As is often the case with spells and dhāraṇīs, the Sitātapatrā spell is also included in the Dhāraṇī Collection (gzungs ’dus) of the Degé Kangyur as Toh 985 and 986, which correspond to Toh 590 and 592. The four canonical texts (Toh 590–593) represent four distinct versions of the same spell that are largely equivalent in terms of content, translation style, and terminology. Two of the four lack a colophon describing the context of their translation, but it is nonetheless apparent that the later versions of the text are in fact revisions of earlier Tibetan translations based on newly-available Sanskrit sources rather than distinct translations. Though many ambiguities remain, the four works offer us an important view into the long textual history of both the Indic source material and its Tibetan translations.
Toh 590, The Noble Invincible Great Queen of Spells for Averting Called “Sitātapatrā Born from the Uṣṇīṣa of All Tathāgatas” (Āryasarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrānāmāparājitapratyaṅgirāmahāvidyārājñī; ’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa thams cad kyi gtsug tor nas byung ba gdugs dkar po can zhes bya ba gzhan gyis mi thub ma phyir zlog pa’i rig sngags kyi rgyal mo chen mo), the longest of the four and most closely aligned with the more recent Sanskrit witnesses, lacks a translator’s colophon, so it is impossible to determine its date, but its length and its similarity to the later Sanskrit manuscripts suggests that it is the most recent of the versions in the Kangyur. A unique, alternative translation of the text corresponding to Toh 590 is preserved in the Phukdrak (phug brag) Kangyur. This translation, which was made by the eleventh-century Indian paṇḍita Vibhūticandra and the Tibetan translator Sherap Rinchen (shes rab rin chen), is a revision of Toh 590 based on additional Sanskrit manuscripts not available to the anonymous translator of Toh 590.12 Toh 590 was also revised or retranslated in the fifteenth century by Sönam Nampar Gyalwa (bsod nams rnam par rgyal ba; 1401–75) of Jampa Ling monastery (byams pa gling) in Central Tibet. His translation, which is available only in his collected writings, was based on his own study of Indic manuscripts and consultation with the Burmese Buddhist paṇḍita Alaṅkāraśrī of Haṃsāvati (Pegu).
Toh 591, titled The Noble Dhāraṇī “The Supreme Accomplishment of Invincible Averting, Sitātapatrā Born from the Uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata” (Āryatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrāparājitamahāpratyaṅgiraparamasiddhanāmadhāraṇī; ’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa’i gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar po can gzhan gyis mi thub pa phyir zlog pa chen mo mchog tu grub pa zhes bya ba’i gzungs), is shorter than Toh 590 and in this regard is perhaps closer in content to Toh 592 and 593 in lacking many of the lines in the opening homage found in Toh 590, but it nonetheless represents a distinct arrangement of the material in dividing the verse section listing the names and epithets of the goddess into two sections interspersed with one of the spell formulas. It is also unique for designating two of the spell formulas as “essence mantra” (snying po) and “subsidiary essence mantra” (nye ba’i snying po), designations that are not found in any of the Sanskrit sources consulted. Toh 591 identifies itself not as a translation but as a revision of a prior Tibetan translation. The colophon does not use the verb “translated” (bsgyur) but instead tells us that this version, prepared by the Kashmiri master Parahitabhadra (ca. eleventh century) and the Tibetan translator Zu Gawé Dorjé (gzu dga’ ba’i rdo rje), is based on a comparison of a prior translation with an “old” manuscript discovered at the Amṛtabhavana monastery in Kashmir.13 Though the prior translation that served as the basis for the revisions of Toh 591 cannot be definitively identified, it seems probable that the version was either Toh 592, Toh 593, or a version similar to those translations.
Toh 592 and 593, both of which are titled The Noble Dhāraṇī “The Invincible Sitātapatrā Born from the Uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata” (Āryatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrānāmaparājitānāmadhāraṇī; ’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa’i gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar po can gzhan gyis mi thub pa zhes bya ba’i gzungs), are nearly identical versions of the Sitātapatrā spell. Toh 592 lacks the scriptural introduction and conclusion found in Toh 593 but otherwise varies only slightly and in a manner more consistent with scribal errors and editorial interventions than differences in the source material. Toh 592 lacks a translator’s colophon, making it difficult to determine its origin, but a text with nearly the same title is recorded in the Denkarma (ldan dkar ma), the imperial-period register of Tibetan translations.14 Toh 593, which does include the introductory and concluding passages absent in Toh 592, has a colophon reporting it to be a translation by the eleventh-century Kashmiri master Mahājana made without the assistance of a Tibetan translator. It is therefore possible that Mahājana’s contribution to the collection was to add the introductory and concluding material known from other Sitātapatrā sources. Mahājana’s colophon identifies the text as a “version of the Uṣṇīṣa” that is “the shorter of those of the heavenly realm.”15 This ambiguous statement is made somewhat clearer in the catalog of the Urga Kangyur, which says that Toh 593 (Urga no. 594) “is renowned as the shorter Uṣṇīṣa of the heavenly realm” (lha yul ma chung bar grags pa).16 Sönam Nampar Gyalwa (see i.9 above) also refers to this translation as the “condensed version” (bsdus pa) of the Sitātapatrā spell.17
A comparison of the four canonical translations of Sitātapatrā’s spell suggests that they represent three distinct branch recensions of the same source material and thus reflect the evolution of the text in the Indic tradition. Toh 590 and 591 constitute two of those branches, while Toh 592 and 593 together represent the third. This was the view of Sönam Nampar Gyalwa, who offered this statement about the relationship between the texts in the colophon to his own revision of Toh 590:
There are three versions of this dhāraṇī rite. The most extensive is this text, The Great Queen of Vidyās (Toh 590), for which the previous translator is unidentified. The middle-length version is the one known as The Supreme Accomplishment (Toh 591), which was translated by Zu Gawé Dorjé. The concise version is [called] “the one known as the lesser of the heavenly realm” (Toh 593) and was translated by the Kashmiri paṇḍita Mahājana. There is another, shorter version of “the one known as the lesser of the heavenly realm” (Toh 592) that is distinct only for lacking the scriptural introduction. It need not be counted [separately].18
This brief survey of the four canonical translations allows for a tentative argument to be made about the translation and propagation of this series of Sitātapatrā spells in Tibet. The spell was likely first translated during Tibet’s imperial period, as indicated by the two imperial-period catalogs, the Denkarma and Phangthangma (phang thang ma). Whereas the title of the text in the Denkarma, ’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar mo can gzhan gyis mi thub pa, aligns closely with that of Toh 592/3, the title in the Phangthangma, ’phags pa gtsug tor gdugs dkar po,19 is generic and thus could refer to any of the four canonical texts, or to a different, unknown version. It is possible that the earliest version of the four canonical texts is Toh 592,20 which lacks a colophon indicating its provenance. If this is the text recorded in the Denkarma it would have been translated no later than 843, the year the Tibetan empire collapsed and record of its translation efforts ceased. Toh 593, which does include a colophon dating it to the eleventh century, represents the same branch recension but, as noted above differs in its inclusion of the introductory and concluding statements—likely Mahājana’s specific contribution to the corpus. Toh 591, which is described in its colophon as a revision rather than a new translation, was also prepared in the eleventh century. It differs only slightly from Toh 592/3, primarily in its unique arrangement of the material. Thus it appears that Toh 591 and 593 comprise a second period of translation of the Sitātapatrā spell in the eleventh century, one in which the earlier translation represented by Toh 592 served as a primary point of reference. It is especially noteworthy that this second wave primarily involved Indian masters and manuscript witnesses from Kashmir.21 Thus, Toh 590 is likely the last of the translations to be produced, and then was revised two additional times as described above.22
Other Sources
As noted above, the widespread popularity of Sitātapatrā is attested by the broad circulation of the Sitātapatrā spell. Numerous versions are preserved in Sanskrit, Khotanese, Chinese, Old Uyghur, and Tibetan, thus demarcating its circulation throughout South Asia, the Himalayan region, Central Asia, and China. What is perhaps the oldest documented Sanskrit witness of the spell, tentatively dated to the eight century, was discovered at Dunhuang and written in a Gupta script unique to Central Asia.23 This version, published in 1963 by H. W. Bailey, was consulted for this translation. The popularity of Sitātapatrā in the Newar Buddhist tradition is evident in the large number of extant Sanskrit manuscript witnesses of the spell scribed in Nepal. Many of these versions are found in the numerous dhāraṇī collections (dhāraṇīsaṅgraha) popular in the Newar tradition. Most of the available manuscripts are relatively recent, dating no earlier than the eighteenth century. A representative collection of Nepalese manuscripts was consulted for this translation, the most noteworthy version of the spell being found in Cambridge Ms. Add 1326, a dhāraṇīsaṅgraha compiled in 1719.24 This version, like most Nepalese versions consulted, most closely aligns with Toh 590.25
Also noteworthy are the versions of the spell composed in Old Uyghur, which were translated from an unknown source language in likely the thirteenth or fourteenth century.26 The manuscripts were discovered in Turfan in the early twentieth century and are now dispersed among various European and Russian manuscript archives.27
There are two Chinese translations of works that are similar in title and content to Toh 590, but a close comparison of the Tibetan and Chinese translations is needed to determine precisely how the two Chinese translations and four Tibetan translations align. Taishō 976, Fo ding dabai sangai tuoluoni jing (佛頂大白傘蓋陀羅尼經), was translated by the Tangut monk Shaluoba (1279–1314), and Taishō 977, Fo shuo dabai sangai zong chi tuoluoni jing (佛說大白傘蓋總持陀羅尼經), was translated by Zhen Zhi sometime during the Yuan period (1271–1368). Based on these dates it would appear that both Chinese translations significantly postdate the Tibetan translations preserved in the Kangyur.
Finally, there were a number of Tibetan versions of the Sitātapatrā spell discovered among the Dunhuang manuscripts.28 These versions are revealing in that they are shorter and otherwise distinct from the canonical versions, indicating one or more additional branch recensions. Some of the Dunhuang manuscripts do align with Toh 592, the canonical version proposed as the earliest, but none appear to correlate directly with Toh 590 and 591, which are believed to have been translated in or after the eleventh century, long after the Dunhuang caves had been sealed.
The Translation
The present translation is based on the Tibetan version in the Degé Kangyur, in consultation with the Stok Palace and Phukdrak versions as well as the variant readings recorded in the Comparative Edition (dpe bsdur ma) Kangyur. Extensive use was made of Sanskrit witnesses, including the Khotanese version and four representatives from the numerous Nepalese manuscript witnesses. Among those, Cambridge Ms. Add. 1326 and its edition prepared by Gergely Hidas proved especially useful for resolving ambiguities in the Tibetan translation and correcting minor but consequential orthographic errors in the Tibetan transliterations of Sanskrit spell formulas. Apart from those necessary corrections, the spell formulas follow the transliterations presented in the Degé version. Even with the wealth of resources available, a number of enigmatic passages remain imperfectly resolved, particularly in the verse section recounting the names and epithets of the deity. Tentative translations of these difficult passages have been offered, but they are not intended to represent a definitive interpretation.
Text Body
The Invincible Sitātapatrā Born from the Uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata
The Translation
Homage to the Three Jewels!
Thus did I hear at one time. The Blessed One was dwelling in Excellent Dharma, the assembly hall of the gods in the Heaven of the Thirty-Three, together with a great assembly of monks, an assembly of bodhisattvas, and Śakra, the lord of the gods. The Blessed One sat down on a seat arranged for him and entered the samādhi called uṣṇīṣa gaze. As soon as he entered this samādhi, the rite of the mantra formula issued from the center of the Blessed One’s uṣṇīṣa:
“After paying homage to these blessed ones,33 this great spell for averting named the invincible blessed Sitātapatrā born from the uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata annihilates all bhūtas who are grahas; disrupts all opposing spells; averts untimely death; frees beings from all that binds them; averts all malice, nightmares, and bad omens; destroys the eighty-four thousand types of grahas; appeases the twenty-eight lunar mansions; destroys the eight great celestial bodies; averts all enemies; destroys all violence, malice, and nightmares; and frees beings from poison, weapons, fire, and water.
oṁ ṛṣigaṇapraśastāya sarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatre hūṁ drūṁ | jambhanakarī hūṁ drūṁ | stambhanakarī hūṁ drūṁ | mahāvidyāsambhakṣanakarī hūṁ drūṁ | paravidyāsambhakṣanakarī hūṁ drūṁ | sarvaduṣṭānām stambhanakarī hūṁ drūṁ | sarvayakṣarākṣasagrahāṇāṃ vidhvaṃsanakarī hūṁ drūṁ | caturaśitīnāṃ grahasahasrāṇāṃ vidhvaṃsanakarī hūṁ drūṁ | aṣṭāviṃśatīnāṃ nakṣatrāṇāṃ prasādanakarī hūṁ drūṁ | aṣṭānāṃ mahāgrahāṇāṃ vidhvaṃsanakarī hūṁ drūṁ | rakṣa mām |44
“Blessed Sitātapatrā, born from the uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata, Vajroṣṇīṣā, great averting goddess, great goddess with a thousand arms, great goddess with a thousand heads, great goddess with a trillion eyes and indestructible blazing features, great exalted vajra goddess who rules over the maṇḍala of the three realms of existence. Protect me from everything; please protect me!
“Oṁ, grant me auspiciousness in the face of dangers45 from rulers, thieves, fire, water, poison, weapons, opposing armies, famines, enemies, disease, thunderbolts, untimely death, earthquakes, falling meteors, royal punishment, devas, nāgas, lightning, suparṇas, and ferocious beasts.
“Grant me auspiciousness in the face of grahas who are of devas,46 nāgas, asuras, maruts, garuḍas, gandharvas, kinnaras, mahoragas, [F.226.b] yakṣas, rākṣasas, pretas, piśācas, bhūtas, kumbhāṇḍas, pūtanas, kaṭapūtanas, skandas, apasmāras, unmādas, chāyās, and ostārakas!47 Grant me auspiciousness in the face of all these grahas!
“Grant me auspiciousness in the face of those who steal energy and vitality;48 who drink blood; who consume fat, flesh, grease, marrow, and newborns; who steal life; who consume vomit, filth, and urine; who drink sewage and consume leftovers; who drink saliva and consume snot, mucus, pus, oblations, garlands, fragrances, and incense; who capture people’s minds; and who consume flowers, fruits, grains, and burnt offerings!
“Homage to you, blessed Sitātapatrā, born from the uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata! Protect me, please protect me!
oṁ asitānalārkaprabhāsphuṭavikasitasitātapatre52 jvala jvala | khāda khāda | dara dara | vidara vidara53 | chinda chinda | bhinda bhinda54 | hūṁ hūṁ phaṭ phaṭ svāhā | he he phaṭ | ho ho phaṭ | amoghe phaṭ | apratihatāya55 phaṭ | varapradāya56 phaṭ | pratyaṅgire phaṭ | asuravidrāvakarāya57 phaṭ | sarvadevebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvanāgebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvāsurebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvamarutebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvagaruḍebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvagandharvebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvakinnarebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvamahoragebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvayakṣebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvarākṣasebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvapretebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvapiśācebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvabhūtebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvakumbhāṇḍebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvapūtanebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvakaṭapūtanebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvaskandebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvonmādebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvachāyebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvāpasmārebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvostārakebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvadurlaṅghitebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarva duḥprekṣitebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvajvarebhyaḥ phaṭ | [F.227.b] sarvakṛtyakarmaṇakākhordebhyaḥ phaṭ | kiraṇavetāḍebhyaḥ phaṭ | cichapreṣakaduścharditebhyaḥ phaṭ | durbhuktebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvatīrthakebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvaśramaṇebhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvavidyādharebhyaḥ phaṭ | jayakaramadhukarebhyaḥ | sarvārthasādhakebhyo vidyācārebhyaḥ phaṭ58 | caturbhyo bhaginībhyaḥ phaṭ | sarvakaumārīyebhyaḥ phaṭ | vidyārajñīyebhyaḥ phaṭ | mahāpratyaṅgirebhyaḥ phaṭ | vajraśṛṅkhalāya pratyaṅgirarājāya phaṭ | mahākālāya mātṛgaṇanamaskṛtaye phaṭ | viṣṇāvīye phaṭ | brahmaṇīye phaṭ | agnīye phaṭ | mahākālīye phaṭ | kāladaṇḍīye phaṭ | indrīye phaṭ | raudrīye phaṭ | kaumārīye phaṭ | vārāhīye phaṭ | cāmuṇḍīye phaṭ | rātrīye phaṭ | kālarātrīye phaṭ | yamadaṇḍīye phaṭ | kapālīye phaṭ | adhimuktiśmaśānavāsinīye phaṭ |59
“Dispel all beings who harbor malicious and dangerous intentions toward me; who steal vitality; who consume fetuses; who drink blood; who consume fat, flesh, grease, marrow, and newborns; who steal life; who consume vomit, filth, and urine; who drink sewage and consume leftovers; who drink saliva; who consume snot, mucus, pus, oblations, garlands, fragrances, and incense; who capture people’s minds; who consume flowers, [F.228.a] fruits, grains, and burnt offerings; and who harbor evil, malicious, or dangerous intentions.
“Dispel grahas who are devas, nāgas, asuras, maruts, garuḍas, kinnaras, mahoragas, yakṣas, rākṣasas, pretas, piśācas, bhūtas, kumbhāṇḍas, pūtanas, kaṭapūtanas, skandas, unmādas, chāyās, apasmāras, ostārakas, ḍākinīs, revatīs, yāmakas, śakunis, mātṛnandīs, samikās, and kaṇṭakamālinīs!
“Dispel all fevers that last one day, two days, three days, four days, or seven days; those that they are chronic, irregular,60 or intermittent; those that are caused by bhūtas, arise from disturbances in the wind, bile, phlegm, or from their combination; all infectious diseases and all illnesses of the brain!
“Dispel splitting headaches,61 loss of appetite, illnesses of the eyes, nose, mouth, throat, and heart, laryngitis [F.228.b] and pain in the ears, teeth, heart, brain, neck, ribs, back, stomach, hips, pelvis, thighs, calves, hands, feet, and all the major and minor appendages!62 Please dispel them!
“May this great averting spell of the vajra uṣṇīṣa Sitātapatrā bind the spells63 of everything within twelve yojanas, including all bhūtas, vetālas, ḍākinīs, fevers, skin disease, scabies, pruritus, leprosy, boils, skin irritations,64 erysipelas, itching, blood boils, emaciation, anxiety, poisonous brews, poisonous compounds, kākhordas, fire, water, pestilence, enemies, harm, untimely death, tryambuka flies, tralāṭa flies, scorpions, snakes, mongooses, lions, tigers, bears, jackals, makaras, and all other life-threatening creatures such as bees. May it bind their energy! May it bind all opposing spells! May it bind all grahas!65
tadyathā | oṁ anale anale | viṣade viṣade66 | vaire vaire | vajradhari | bandha bandhani | vajrapāṇi hūṁ phaṭ | hūṁ hūṁ phaṭ phaṭ svāhā | bandha phaṭ phaṭ svāhā ||67
“Whoever writes this great, invincible spell for averting, Sitātapatrā born from the uṣṇīṣa of all tathāgatas, on birch bark, cloth, or tree bark and wears it on their body or around their neck will not be harmed by poison, weapons, fire, water, poisonous brews, [F.229.a] poisonous compounds, or kākhordas for as long as they live, nor will they meet an untimely death. They will become dear to all grahas, vighnas, and vināyakas. The eighty-four billion members68 of the vajra family will guard, protect, and defend them, hold them dear, and delight in them. They will recall their rebirths of the past eighty-four thousand great eons. They will never become yakṣas, rākṣasas, pretas, pūtanas, or kaṭapūtanas, nor will they ever be poor. They will gain a quantity of merit equal to that of the blessed buddhas as innumerable and limitless as the grains of sand in the river Ganges.
“If one keeps this great, invincible spell for averting, Sitātapatrā born from the uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata, one will become chaste, even if one was not chaste. Those who did not observe silence will observe silence.69 The impure will become pure. Those who did not practice abstinence will practice abstinence. Those who did not fast will observe fasts.70 Even those who have committed the five acts with immediate retribution will see all their evil purified. All the obscurations resulting from their past actions will be exhausted without exception.
“If a woman who wishes to have a child keeps this great, invincible spell for averting, Sitātapatrā born from the uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata, she will gain a child. The child will have a long life and possess merit and strength. After they pass away they will take birth in the realm of Sukhāvatī.
“Those who are threatened by diseases71 that affect humans, livestock, or cattle [F.229.b] or by any calamities, violence, epidemics, harm, mental disturbances, and the approach of opposing armies should affix this great, invincible spell for averting, Sitātapatrā born from the uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata, to the top of a banner and worship it with great offerings. The banner should be planted at the gateway to a large city or in a city, town, market town, country, or wilderness residence. As soon as this great, invincible spell for averting has been worshiped and planted, war will be pacified, as will calamities, violence, harm, mental disturbances, and the approach of opposing armies.
tadyathā | oṁ ṣṭoṁ bandha bandha |bdag la srungs shig srungs shig svāhā72 | rāḳsa rāḳsa māṃ | oṁ hūṁ ṣṭoṁ bandha bandha vajra | bdag la srungs shig srungs shig | rāḳsa rāḳsa mām | vajrapāṇiye hūṁ hūṁ phaṭ svāhā || oṁ sarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣa avalokite mūrdhani tejorāśi || oṁ hūṁ jvala jvala | dhaka dhaka | dara dara | vidara vidara | chinda chinda | bhinda bhinda | hūṁ hūṁ phaṭ phaṭ svāhā || oṁ sarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣa hūṁ phaṭ phaṭ svāhā || tadyathā | oṁ anale anale | khasame khasame | vaire vaire | saumye saumye | sarvabuddhādhiṣṭhānādhiṣṭhite | oṁ sarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatre hūṁ phaṭ svāhā | hūṁ mama hūṁ ni svāhā ||73
The buddhas and bodhisattvas, along with the world with its devas, humans, asuras, and gandharvas, rejoiced and praised the words of the Blessed One.
This concludes the noble dhāraṇī “The Invincible Sitātapatrā Born from the Uṣṇīṣa of the Tathāgata.”
Abbreviations
Sanskrit Sigla
CL1326 | Cambridge Library Ms. Add. 1326 |
---|---|
Dh33 | Samten and Pandey, ed., Dhīḥ vol. 33 |
KT728 | Bailey, ed., Khotanese Texts vol. 5, no. 728 |
RASH 77 | Royal Asiatic Society Hodgson Ms. 77 |
UTM 441-01 | University of Tokyo Library Ms. 441-01 |
Tibetan Sigla
D | Degé Kangyur |
---|---|
F | Phukdrak Kangyur (no. 626) |
S | Stok Palace Kangyur |
Notes
Bibliography
Sanskrit Sources
Āryasarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrānāmāparājitāpratyaṅgirāmahāvidyārājñī. Cambridge Ms. Add. 1326, folios 115.v–123.v. University of Cambridge Digital Library. Accessed July 26, 2022.
Āryasarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrānāmāparājitām Vidyārājñīm Mahāpratyaṅgirām. General Library, University of Tokyo Ms. 441-01. Institute of Oriental Culture, University of Tokyo. Accessed July 26, 2022.
Bailey, H. W., ed. Sitātapatrā Dhāraṇī. In Indo-Scythian Studies: Being Khotanese Texts Volume V, 359–67. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1963.
Hidas, Gergely, ed. Āryasarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrānāmāparājitāpratyaṅgirāmahāvidyārājñī (Cambridge Ms. Add. 1326). In Powers of Protection: The Buddhist Tradition of Spells in the Dhāraṇīsaṃgraha Collections, 188–95. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2021.
Mahāpratyaṅgirā Mahāvidyārajñji Dhāraṇī. RAS Hodgson Ms. 77. Royal Asiatic Society, London.
Samten, Ngawang, and Janardan Pandey, ed. “Āryasarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrānāmāparājitapratyaṅgirāmahāvidyārājñī.” Dhīḥ 33 (2002): 145–54.
Tibetan Sources
’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa’i gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar po can gzhan gyis mi thub pa zhes bya ba’i gzungs (Āryatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrānāmāparājitādhāraṇī). Toh 593, Degé Kangyur vol. 90 (rgyud, pha), folios 224.b.–229.b.
’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa’i gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar po can gzhan gyis mi thub pa zhes bya ba’i gzungs. bka’ ’gyur (dpe bsdur ma) [Comparative Edition of the Kangyur], krung go’i bod rig pa zhib ’jug ste gnas kyi bka’ bstan dpe sdur khang (The Tibetan Tripitaka Collation Bureau of the China Tibetology Research Center). 108 volumes. Beijing: krung go’i bod rig pa dpe skrun khang (China Tibetology Publishing House), 2006–9, vol. 90, pp. 740–58.
’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa’i gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar mo can gzhan gyis mi thub ma zhes ba ba’i gzungs. Stok Palace Kangyur vol. 104 (rgyud, pa), folios 251.b–259.a.
’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa’i gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar po can gzhan gyis mi thub ma zhes bya ba’i gzungs (Āryasarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatre nāmāparājitadhāraṇī). Phukdrak Kangyur (no. 626) vol. 117 (rgyud, dza), folios 174.b–192.b.
’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa’i gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar mo can gzhan gyis mi thub pa phyir bzlog ma chen mo mchog tu grub pa zhes bya ba’i gzungs (Āryatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātāparajitamahāpratyaṅgiraparamasiddhināmadhāraṇī). Phukdrak Kangyur (no. 628) vol. 117 (rgyud, dza), folios 194.b–203.a.
’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa thams cad kyi gtsug tor nas byung ba gdugs dkar po can zhes bya ba gzhan gyis mi thub ma phyir zlog pa’i rig sngags kyi rgyal mo chen mo (Āryasarvatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrānāmāparājitapratyaṅgirāmahāvidyārājñī). Toh 590, Degé Kangyur vol. 90 (rgyud, pha), folios 205.a–212.b.
’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa’i gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar po can gzhan gyis mi thub pa phyir zlog pa chen mo mchog tu grub pa zhes bya ba’i gzungs (Āryatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatrāparājitamahāpratyaṅgiraparamasiddhanāmadhāraṇī). Toh 591, Degé Kangyur vol. 90 (rgyud, pha), folios 212.b–219.a.
’phags pa de bzhin gshegs pa’i gtsug tor nas byung ba’i gdugs dkar po can gzhan gyis mi thub pa zhes bya ba’i gzungs (Āryatathāgatoṣṇīṣasitātapatre aparājitānāmadhāraṇī). Toh 592, Degé Kangyur vol. 90 (rgyud, pha), folios 219.a.–224.b.
’jam dpal gyi rtsa ba’i rgyud (Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa). Toh 543, Degé Kangyur vol. 88 (rgyud ’bum, na), folios 88.a–334.a. English translation in Dharmacakra Translation Committee 2020.
Chökyi Jungné (si tu paN chen chos kyi ’byung gnas). [dkar chag] bzhi pa/ bzhugs byang dkar chag dngos legs par bshad pa’i yal ’dab. Toh 4568-4, Degé Kangyur vol. 103 (lakṣmī), folios 112.a–157.a.
Denkarma (pho brang stod thang ldan dkar gyi chos kyi ’gyur ro cog gi dkar chag). Toh 4364, Degé Tengyur vol. 206 (sna tshogs, jo), folios 294.b–310.a.
Phangthangma (dkar chag ’phang thang ma). Beijing: mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 2003.
Pelliot tibétain 45. Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris. Resources for Kanjur and Tanjur Studies, Universität Wien. Accessed July 26, 2022.
Dudjom Jikdral Yeshé Dorjé (bdud ’joms ’jigs bral ye shes rdo rje). gtsug tor gdugs dkar mo’i rgyun khyer ’bar ba’i thog brtsegs. In rnying ma ba’i zhal ’don phyogs bsgrigs, 489–93. Lhasa: bod ljongs mi dmangs dpe skrun khang, 1997.
Orgyen Lingpa (o rgyan gling pa). o rgyan gu ru pad+ma ’byung gnas kyi skyes rabs rnam par thar pa rgyas pa bkod pa pad+ma bka’i thang yig. Xining: sku ’bum byams pa ling par khang, 2001. English translation in Douglas and Bays 2020.
Sönam Nampar Gyalwa (bsod nams rnam par rgyal ba). gtsug gtor gdugs dkar rgyas pa rig sngags kyi rgyal mo chen po. In gsung ’bum byams pa gling pa, 719–36. N.p.: n.p., n.d. BUDA: MW1CZ1101
Secondary Sources
Bethlenfalvy, Geza. A Catalogue of the Urga Kanjur in the Prof. Raghuvira Collection at the International Academy of Indian Culture. New Delhi: International Academy of Indian Culture, 1980.
Dharmacakra Translation Committee, trans. The Root Manual of the Rites of Mañjuśrī (Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa, Toh 543). 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2020.
Douglas, Kenneth, and Gwendolyn Bays, trans. The Life and Liberation of Padmasambhava: Padma Bka’i Thang. 2 vols. Emeryville, CA: Dharma Publishing, 1978. See above under Orgyen Lingpa.
Herrmann-Pfandt, Adelheid. Die lHan kar ma: ein früher Katalog der ins Tibetische übersetzten buddhistischen Texte. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2008.
Hoernle, A. F. Rudolf (1911). “The ‘Unknown Languages’ of Eastern Turkestan II.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 43, no. 2 (1911): 447–77.
———(1916). Manuscript Remains of Buddhist Literature Found in Eastern Turkestan: Facsimiles with Transcripts Translations and Notes. Vol. 1. Oxford: Clarendon, 1916.
Kano, Kazuo. “Exegeses of the Ratnagotravibhāga in Kashmir in the 11th and 12th Century.” Kōyasandaigaku daigakuin kiyō 15 (2016): 1–23.
Kawagoe, Eishin川越 英真, ed. dKar chag ’Phang thang ma. Sendai: Tōhoku indo chibetto kenkyūkai 東北インド・チベット研究会 (Tohoku Society for Indo-Tibetan Studies), 2005.
Kiliç Cengiz, Ayşe. “Two Old Uyghur Sitātapatrādhāraṇī Fragments from the Berlin Turfan Collection.” Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 31 (2020): 71–84.
Kiliç Cengiz, Ayşe, and Anna Turanskaya (2019). “Old Uyghur Blockprint of Sitātapatrā Dhāraṇī in the Serindia Collection of the IOM, RAS.” Written Monuments of the Orient 5, no. 2 (2019): 19–38.
———(2021). “Old Uyghur Sitātapatrā Dhāraṇī Fragments Preserved in the State Hermitage Museum.” Written Monuments of the Orient 7, no. 1 (2021): 100–117.
Lalou, M. “Notes à propos d’une amulette de Touen-houang: Les litanies de Tāra et la Sitātapatrādhāraṇī.” In Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques, edited by Louis de La Vallée Poussin, 4:135–49. Brussels: Institut belge des hautes études chinoises, 1935–36.
Porció, Tibor. “The One with the White Parasol.” PhD diss., University of Vienna, 2000.
Tribe, Anthony. Tantric Buddhist Practice in India: Vilāsavajra’s Commentary on the Mañjuśrī-nāmasaṃgīti. Routledge Studies in Tantric Traditions. New York: Routledge, 2016.
Glossary
Types of attestation for names and terms of the corresponding source language
Attested in source text
This term is attested in a manuscript used as a source for this translation.
Attested in other text
This term is attested in other manuscripts with a parallel or similar context.
Attested in dictionary
This term is attested in dictionaries matching Tibetan to the corresponding language.
Approximate attestation
The attestation of this name is approximate. It is based on other names where the relationship between the Tibetan and source language is attested in dictionaries or other manuscripts.
Reconstruction from Tibetan phonetic rendering
This term is a reconstruction based on the Tibetan phonetic rendering of the term.
Reconstruction from Tibetan semantic rendering
This term is a reconstruction based on the semantics of the Tibetan translation.
Source unspecified
This term has been supplied from an unspecified source, which most often is a widely trusted dictionary.
abstinence
- gnyen gnas
- གཉེན་གནས།
- upavāsa
Akṣobhya
- mi ’khrugs pa
- མི་འཁྲུགས་པ།
- akṣobhya
Amitābha
- ’od dpag med
- འོད་དཔག་མེད།
- amitābha
Amṛtabhavana Monastery
- bdud rtsi ’byung gnas kyi gtsug lag khang
- བདུད་རྩི་འབྱུང་གནས་ཀྱི་གཙུག་ལག་ཁང་།
- —
Aparā
- gzhan
- གཞན།
- aparā
Aparājitā
- gzhan gyis mi thub
- གཞན་གྱིས་མི་ཐུབ།
- aparājitā
apasmāra
- brjed byed
- བརྗེད་བྱེད།
- apasmāra
arhat
- dgra bcom pa
- དགྲ་བཅོམ་པ།
- arhat
asura
- lha ma yin
- ལྷ་མ་ཡིན།
- asura
Bhaiṣajyaguruvaiḍūryaprabharāja
- sman gyi bla bai DUr+ya’i ’od kyi rgyal po
- སྨན་གྱི་བླ་བཻ་ཌཱུརྱའི་འོད་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ།
- bhaiṣajyaguruvaiḍūryaprabharāja
Bhṛkuṭī
- khro gnyer can
- ཁྲོ་གཉེར་ཅན།
- bhṛkuṭī
Bhṛṅgiriṭi
- b+h+ring gi ri ti
- བྷྲིང་གི་རི་ཏི།
- bhṛṅgiriṭi
bhūta
- ’byung po
- འབྱུང་པོ།
- bhūta
blessed one
- bcom ldan ’das
- legs ldan
- བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས།
- ལེགས་ལྡན།
- bhagavat
bodhisattva
- byang chub sems dpa’
- བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ།
- bodhisattva
Brahmā
- tshangs pa
- ཚངས་པ།
- brahmā
caitya
- mchod rten
- མཆོད་རྟེན།
- caitya
chāyā
- grib gnon
- གྲིབ་གནོན།
- chāyā
ḍāka
- mkha’ ’gro
- མཁའ་འགྲོ།
- ḍāka
ḍākinī
- mkha’ ’gro ma
- མཁའ་འགྲོ་མ།
- ḍākinī
deva
- lha
- ལྷ།
- deva
dhāraṇī
- gzungs
- གཟུངས།
- dhāraṇī
Dṛḍhaśūraraṇasenapraharaṇarāja
- dpa’ brtan pa’i sde mtshon cha’i rgyal po
- དཔའ་བརྟན་པའི་སྡེ་མཚོན་ཆའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།
- dṛḍhaśūraraṇasenapraharaṇarāja
eight great celestial bodies
- gza’ chen po rgyad
- གཟའ་ཆེན་པོ་རྒྱད།
- aṣṭāmahāgraha
Excellent Dharma
- chos bzang
- ཆོས་བཟང་།
- sudharmā
five acts with immediate retribution
- mtshams med pa lnga
- མཚམས་མེད་པ་ལྔ།
- pañcānantarya
Four Bhaginīs
- sring mo bzhi
- སྲིང་མོ་བཞི།
- caturbhaginī
Gaṇapati
- tshogs kyi bdag po
- ཚོགས་ཀྱི་བདག་པོ།
- gaṇapati
gandharva
- dri za
- དྲི་ཟ།
- gandharva
Ganges
- gang gA
- གང་གཱ།
- gaṅgā
garuḍa
- nam mkha’ lding
- ནམ་མཁའ་ལྡིང་།
- garuḍa
graha
- gdon
- གདོན།
- graha
guhyaka
- gsang ba pa
- གསང་བ་པ།
- guhyaka
Heaven of the Thirty-Three
- sum cu rtsa gsum lha’i gnas
- སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གསུམ་ལྷའི་གནས།
- trāyastriṃśa
Indra
- dbang po
- དབང་པོ།
- indra
Jayakara
- rgyal bar byed pa
- རྒྱལ་བར་བྱེད་པ།
- jayakara
kākhorda
- byad
- བྱད།
- kākhorda
Kamalākṣī
- pad+ma’i spyan
- པདྨའི་སྤྱན།
- kamalākṣī
Kāñcanamālikā
- gser gyi phreng ba can
- གསེར་གྱི་ཕྲེང་བ་ཅན།
- kāñcanamālikā
kaṇṭakamālinī
- tsher ma ’don pa
- ཚེར་མ་འདོན་པ།
- kaṇṭakamālinī
kāpālika
- mi’i thod pa can
- མིའི་ཐོད་པ་ཅན།
- kāpālika
kaṭapūtana
- lus srul po
- ལུས་སྲུལ་པོ།
- kaṭapūtana
kinnara
- mi’am ci
- མིའམ་ཅི།
- kinnara
kṛtyā rites
- bsgyur ba’i las
- བསྒྱུར་བའི་ལས།
- kṛtyākarma
kumbhāṇḍa
- grul bum
- གྲུལ་བུམ།
- kumbhāṇḍa
Kusumbharatnā
- le brgan rtsi dang rin chen ma
- ལེ་བརྒན་རྩི་དང་རིན་ཆེན་མ།
- kusumbharatnā
Locanā
- spyan mnga’ ba
- སྤྱན་མངའ་བ།
- locanā
lunar mansion
- rgyu skar
- རྒྱུ་སྐར།
- nakṣatra
Madhukara
- sbrang rtsir byed pa
- སྦྲང་རྩིར་བྱེད་པ།
- madhukara
Mahājana
- ma hA dza na
- མ་ཧཱ་ཛ་ན།
- mahājana
Mahākāla
- nag po chen po
- ནག་པོ་ཆེན་པོ།
- mahākāla
Mahāpaśupati
- phyugs bdag chen po
- ཕྱུགས་བདག་ཆེན་པོ།
- mahāpaśupati
mahoraga
- lto ’phye chen po
- ལྟོ་འཕྱེ་ཆེན་པོ།
- mahoraga
makara
- chu srin
- ཆུ་སྲིན།
- makara
Mālā
- phreng ba can
- ཕྲེང་བ་ཅན།
- mālā
marut
- rlung lha
- རླུང་ལྷ།
- marut
mātṛ
- ma mo
- མ་མོ།
- mātṛ
mātṛnandī
- ma mo dga’ bar byed pa
- མ་མོ་དགའ་བར་བྱེད་པ།
- mātṛnandī
mudrā
- phyag rgya
- ཕྱག་རྒྱ།
- mudrā
nāga
- klu
- ཀླུ།
- nāga
Nandikeśvara
- dga’ byed dbang phyug
- དགའ་བྱེད་དབང་ཕྱུག
- nandikeśvara
Nārāyaṇa
- sred med kyi bu
- སྲེད་མེད་ཀྱི་བུ།
- nārāyaṇa
non-returner
- phyir mi ’ong ba
- ཕྱིར་མི་འོང་བ།
- anāgāmin
once-returner
- lan cig phyir ’ong ba
- ལན་ཅིག་ཕྱིར་འོང་བ།
- sakṛdāgāmin
ostāraka
- gnon po
- གནོན་པོ།
- ostāraka
Pāṇḍaravāsinī
- gos dkar mo
- གོས་དཀར་མོ།
- pāṇḍaravāsinī
Parahitabhadra
- pa ra hi ta bha dra
- པ་ར་ཧི་ཏ་བྷ་དྲ།
- parahitabhadra
piśāca
- sha za
- ཤ་ཟ།
- piśāca
preta
- yi dwags
- ཡི་དྭགས།
- preta
pūtana
- srul po
- སྲུལ་པོ།
- pūtana
rākṣasa
- srin po
- སྲིན་པོ།
- rākṣasa
Ratnaketurāja
- rin po che’i tog gi rgyal po
- རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་ཏོག་གི་རྒྱལ་པོ།
- ratnaketurāja
revatī
- nam gru
- ནམ་གྲུ།
- revatī
ṛṣi
- drang srong
- དྲང་སྲོང་།
- ṛṣi
Rudra
- drag po
- དྲག་པོ།
- rudra
Śakra
- brgya byin
- བརྒྱ་བྱིན།
- śakra
śakuni
- bya
- བྱ།
- śakuni
Śākyamuni
- shAkya thub pa
- ཤཱཀྱ་ཐུབ་པ།
- śākyamuni
samādhi
- ting nge ’dzin
- ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན།
- samādhi
Samantabhadra
- kun tu bzang po
- ཀུན་ཏུ་བཟང་པོ།
- samantabhadra
samikā
- kun tu ’breng ba
- ཀུན་ཏུ་འབྲེང་བ།
- samikā
Sarvārthasiddhi
- don kun grub pas byas pa
- དོན་ཀུན་གྲུབ་པས་བྱས་པ།
- sarvārthasiddhi
Śaśiprabhā
- zla ba’i ’od
- ཟླ་བའི་འོད།
- śaśiprabhā
Sitātapatrā
- gdugs dkar
- gdugs dkar po can
- གདུགས་དཀར།
- གདུགས་དཀར་པོ་ཅན།
- sitātapatrā
skanda
- skem byed
- སྐེམ་བྱེད།
- skanda
spell
- rig sngags
- རིག་སྔགས།
- vidyā
śrāvaka
- nyan thos
- ཉན་ཐོས།
- śrāvaka
stream enterer
- rgyun du zhugs pa
- རྒྱུན་དུ་ཞུགས་པ།
- srotaāpanna
Sukhāvatī
- bde ba can
- བདེ་བ་ཅན།
- sukhāvatī
suparṇa
- nam mkha’ lding
- ནམ་མཁའ་ལྡིང་།
- suparṇa
Supuṣpitaśālendrārāja
- sA la’i dbang po’i rgyal po me tog kun tu rgyas pa
- སཱ་ལའི་དབང་པོའི་རྒྱལ་པོ་མེ་ཏོག་ཀུན་ཏུ་རྒྱས་པ།
- supuṣpitaśālendrārāja
Śvetā
- dkar mo
- དཀར་མོ།
- śvetā
Tārā
- sgrol ma
- སྒྲོལ་མ།
- tārā
tathāgata
- de bzhin gshegs pa
- དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པ།
- tathāgata
ten royal sūtras
- rgyal po mdo bcu
- རྒྱལ་པོ་མདོ་བཅུ།
- —
three realms of existence
- sa gsum
- ས་གསུམ།
- —
Tri Songdetsen
- khri srong lde btsan
- ཁྲི་སྲོང་ལྡེ་བཙན།
- —
Tripura
- grong khyer sum brtsegs
- གྲོང་ཁྱེར་སུམ་བརྩེགས།
- tripura
Umāpati
- dka’ thub zlog pa’i bdag po
- དཀའ་ཐུབ་ཟློག་པའི་བདག་པོ།
- umāpati
unmāda
- smyo byed
- སྨྱོ་བྱེད།
- unmāda
uṣṇīṣa
- gtsug tor
- གཙུག་ཏོར།
- uṣṇīṣa
Vairocana
- rnam par snang mdzad
- རྣམ་པར་སྣང་མཛད།
- vairocana
Vairocanā
- snang mdzad
- སྣང་མཛད།
- vairocanā
vajra
- rdo rje
- རྡོ་རྗེ།
- vajra
Vajrā
- rdo rje
- རྡོ་རྗེ།
- vajrā
Vajrakaumārī
- rdo rje gzhon nu ma
- རྡོ་རྗེ་གཞོན་ནུ་མ།
- vajrakaumārī
Vajramālā
- rdo rje phreng
- རྡོ་རྗེ་ཕྲེང་།
- vajramālā
Vajrapāṇi
- lag na rdo rje
- ལག་ན་རྡོ་རྗེ།
- vajrapāṇi
Vajraśṛṅkhalā
- rdo rje lu gu rgyud
- རྡོ་རྗེ་ལུ་གུ་རྒྱུད།
- vajraśṛṅkhalā
Vajratuṇḍī
- rdo rje’i mchu can
- རྡོ་རྗེའི་མཆུ་ཅན།
- vajratuṇḍī
- vajratuṇḍikā
Vajroṣṇīṣā
- rdo rje gtsug tor
- རྡོ་རྗེ་གཙུག་ཏོར།
- vajroṣṇīṣā
vetāla
- ro langs
- རོ་ལངས།
- vetāḍa
- vetāla
vidyā
- rig
- རིག
- vidyā
vidyādhara
- rigs sngags ’chang
- རིགས་སྔགས་འཆང་།
- vidyādhara
vighna
- dgegs
- དགེགས།
- vighna
Vijṛmbhamānikā
- rnam par bsgyings ma
- རྣམ་པར་བསྒྱིངས་མ།
- vijṛmbhamānikā
Vikasitanetrotpalagandhaketurāja
- spyan rgyas pa ut+pa la’i tog gi rgyal po
- སྤྱན་རྒྱས་པ་ཨུཏྤ་ལའི་ཏོག་གི་རྒྱལ་པོ།
- vikasitanetrotpalagandhaketurāja
vināyaka
- log ’dren
- ལོག་འདྲེན།
- vināyaka
yakṣa
- gnod sbyin
- གནོད་སྦྱིན།
- yakṣa
yāmaka
- gzhin rje
- གཞིན་རྗེ།
- yāmaka
- jāmaka
yojana
- dpag tshad
- དཔག་ཚད།
- yojana
Zu Gawé Dorje
- gzu dga’ ba’i rdo rje
- གཟུ་དགའ་བའི་རྡོ་རྗེ།
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