དགེ་བའི་རྩ་བ་ཡོངས་སུ་འཛིན་པ།

Upholding the Roots of Virtue

Kuśalamūlasaṃparigraha

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འཕགས་པ་དགེ་བའི་རྩ་བ་ཡོངས་སུ་འཛིན་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་མདོ།

’phags pa dge ba’i rtsa ba yongs su ’dzin pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po’i mdo

The Noble Great Vehicle Sūtra “Upholding the Roots of Virtue”

Āryakuśalamūlasamparigrahanāmamahāyānasūtra

Toh 101

Degé Kangyur vol. 48 (mdo sde, nga), folios 1.a–227.b.

Translated by the Dharmachakra Translation Committee
under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha

First published 2020
Current version v 1.2.11 (2020)
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84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha is a global non-profit initiative to translate all the Buddha’s words into modern languages, and to make them available to everyone.

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Summary

s.1

This sūtra, one of the longest scriptures in the General Sūtra section of the Kangyur, outlines the path of the Great Vehicle as it is journeyed by bodhisattvas in pursuit of awakening. The teaching, which is delivered by the Buddha Śākyamuni to a host of bodhisattvas from faraway worlds as well as a selection of his closest hearer students, such as Śāradvatīputra and Ānanda, elucidates in particular the practice of engendering and strengthening the mind of awakening, as well as the practice of bodhisattva conduct for the sake of all other beings.

ac.

Acknowledgements

ac.1

Translated by the Dharmachakra Translation Committee under the guidance of Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche. Thomas Doctor and James Gentry produced the translation and Andreas Doctor compared the draft translation with the Tibetan and edited the text.

This translation has been completed under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha.

ac.2

The generosity of the sponsors who made work on this text possible is gratefully acknowledged. Their dedication is as follows: For Huang Yi-Hsong, Huang Tsai Shun-Ching, and all sentient beings.

Introduction

i.1

Upholding the Roots of Virtue is one of the most extensive sūtras in the Tibetan Kangyur, spanning no fewer than 452 Tibetan pages. Apart from a brief summary of the text by Csoma de Körös in 1836,1 the sūtra has never, to our knowledge, received sustained scholarly attention. While the Sanskrit source text appears to have disappeared, we do have translations of this sūtra into Chinese and Tibetan. The Chinese translation, Fo shuo hua shou jing 佛說華手經 (Taishō 657), was produced by the renowned translator Kumārajīva (344–413 ᴄᴇ), who completed the translation toward the end of his life in 406, while residing in the former Chinese capital of Chang’an. The Tibetan translation was produced approximately four centuries later. This might suggest that the sūtra enjoyed some popularity in Indian Buddhist circles during the heyday of Great Vehicle thought and practice. Unfortunately, however, we have not been able to locate any citations from this sūtra in the commentarial works of Indian scholars. Complicating matters further, although the Chinese translation generally corresponds fairly closely with the Tibetan, the Chinese is divided into thirty-five chapters, but the Tibetan into only fifteen. Much remains to be explored, therefore, concerning the history of this sūtra’s formation and transmission.

Chapter 1: The Setting

Chapter 2: Praising the Magnificent Display of Miracles

Chapter 3: Praising the Merits of Engendering the Mind of Awakening and Pursuing the Sacred Dharma

Chapter 4: Praising the Engendering of the Mind of Awakening

Chapter 5: The Gathering of Bodhisattvas

Chapter 6: Perseverance in the Bodhisattva’s Conduct, Exalted Intention, and Pursuit of the Sublime Dharma

Chapter 7: The Perfect Teaching on the Exalted Intention

Chapter 8: Inspiring to Uphold, Expressing, and Training in Engendering the Mind of Awakening

Chapter 9: Engaging in Means, Abandoning the Sublime Dharma, and Encouraging the Bodhisattva to Uphold It

Chapter 10: Bodhisattva Conduct

Chapter 11: The Perfect Declaration of Going Forth

Chapter 12: The Pure Retinue

Chapter 13: Accomplishing the Gates of the Teachings

Chapter 14: The Action of Absorption

Chapter 15: The Benefit of Entrustment

Chapter 2

Praising the Magnificent Display of Miracles

2.1

Present within the gathering was a youth by the name of Padmaśrīgarbha. He now rose from his seat, draped his shawl over one shoulder, and knelt on his right knee. Joining his palms, he bowed toward the Blessed One. As he faced the Blessed One, the following thoughts arose in his mind: “I wish to request the gateways of the Dharma from the Thus-Gone One. I wish to receive the vajra words. I wish to request the words for practice that are without interruption. I wish to request the words that overcome all other statements, the words of progressive discernment,12 the words wherein all teachings of the Dharma are contained. If the noble sons and daughters practice such a gateway seal, they will attain the stainless eye that sees all phenomena and they will gain expertise regarding the mind. Ah, Blessed One, in the past I have borne my armor through the accumulation of intentions and practical deeds. Thus, you will be aware of my roots of virtue from the past, arisen through the accumulation of intentions and applications.”

Chapter 6

Perseverance in the Bodhisattva’s Conduct, Exalted Intention, and Pursuit of the Sublime Dharma

6.1

Aware of the great gathering of bodhisattvas, the blessed Śākyamuni now, while remaining on his seat, entered the absorption known as valiant progress. Emerging from that absorption, he entered the one known as the vajra essence. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as remaining within the abode without descriptions. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the single array. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the lion parasol. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as limitless accomplishment. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the yawning lion. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the king of light rays. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the essence of the earth. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as no observation. When he had emerged from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the manifestation of the lion. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the king of the sphere of the moon. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the single array. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as numerous light rays. Emerging from that absorption, [F.114.a] he next entered the one known as the ocean. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as practicing all seals and ascertaining the sphere of reality. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the display of infinite aspirations and focal points. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the limitless accomplishment that is primary with respect to all phenomena. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as accomplishing the single focal point. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as remaining within the abode of all phenomena. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the practice of the limitless light rays of noble lotus buddha. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the stainless seal of mastery with regard to all phenomena. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the royal seal of all phenomena. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as buddha emanations revealing the infinite leader. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the armor of all sentient beings going beyond suffering. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as all phenomena as the sphere of the thus-gone ones’ engagement. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as buddha emanations revealing the infinite leader. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as bringing all objects into buddhahood. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as ascertainment of all phenomena unhindered with regard to past, future, or present. [F.114.b] Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the buddha-leader’s mastery of all phenomena. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as truly compiling all dharmas. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the stable one. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as greatly increasing. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the immutable. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as unperturbed. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as viewing and regarding all phenomena. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as universal illumination. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as seeing as the same. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as viewing and regarding. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as not viewing. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as unhinderedness and non-appropriation with respect to all phenomena. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as possessing the faculties. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as ascertaining the inexhaustible as inexhaustible. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the inexhaustible focal point. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the single focal point. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the great array. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the infinite array. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the undaunted. [F.115.a] Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as invoking the roots of virtue of all sentient beings. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as actualizing the roots of virtue of all sentient beings. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as pursuing all dharmas. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as illuminating. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the pure experience of all phenomena. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as showing all phenomena. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the pure light of all bodhisattvas. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as purifying the unobscured eyes of all the hearers. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as producing pure roots of virtue in the entire retinue without obscuration. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as stopping the sufferings of the animal realm and the world of the Lord of Death. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as producing roots of virtue by means of great love throughout all buddha realms. Emerging from that absorption, he next entered the one known as the immovable. Then, while the Blessed One was dwelling in the immovable absorption, the gods of the pure realms praised him in these verses:

Chapter 8

Inspiring to Uphold, Expressing, and Training in Engendering the Mind of Awakening

8.1

“Śāradvatīputra, bodhisattvas endowed with such an exalted intention should persevere in the correct view of sameness. Correct view means freedom from partiality. Alternatively, Śāradvatīputra, correct view is so called because it sees correctly. Śāradvatīputra, correct view is also so called because of sameness. [F.156.b] This is because, Śāradvatīputra, the eyes are nirvāṇa and there is no nirvāṇa other than the eyes. The eyes and nirvāṇa are thus nondual, meaning indivisible into two. They are alike. How are they alike? They are alike in that the eyes and nirvāṇa are identical. The eyes are devoid of eyes. Nirvāṇa is devoid of nirvāṇa. The eyes are devoid of nirvāṇa. Nirvāṇa is devoid of eyes. The eyes and nirvāṇa are thus identical since neither ever existed. The same logic should also be applied to the ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind. Thus, the mind and nirvāṇa are alike. How are they alike? They are alike because mind and nirvāṇa are identical. Mind is devoid of mind. Nirvāṇa is devoid of nirvāṇa. Mind is devoid of nirvāṇa. Nirvāṇa is devoid of mind. Mind and nirvāṇa are nondual, meaning indivisible into two. They are devoid of thought since they are nothing that can be examined. Being empty by way of emptiness—this, Śāradvatīputra, is what is called the ‘correct view.’ Since that view makes them the same, it is called the ‘correct view.’ Since all these have come to be the same, it is called the ‘correct view.’

14.

Chapter 14

The Action of Absorption

14.1

“Dṛḍhamati, if you have four qualities, they will enable you to accomplish that absorption and teach it to others. What are those four qualities? Apply diligence to attain that absorption and do not discard your efforts. When seated, enthusiastically preaching day and night, manifest the thus-gone ones seated at the supreme seat of awakening, or turning the wheel of Dharma, and likewise have no stinginess with Dharma. While giving the gift of Dharma, transform yourself and the audience members for the Dharma into the bodies of thus-one ones; for while one’s own body will be destroyed, those bodies do not abide anywhere at all, and teach the Dharma while not abiding anywhere. One should sit on the cushion observing that, with that kind of experience, and effecting that kind of transformation, and while seated in this manner, one should give the gift of Dharma.

Colophon

c.1

Translated by the Indian preceptor Prajñāvarman and the translator Bandé Leki Dé, then revised and finalized by the Indian preceptors Prajñāvarman and Jñānagarbha, and the chief editor-translator Bandé Yeshé Dé.

Notes

n.1

Csoma de Körös 1836, p. 429. His summary of the sūtra was later published in French translation by Henri Léon Feer (1881).

n.2

The dating of the Tibetan translation to the late eight to early ninth century is also attested by the text’s inclusion in the early ninth century Denkarma (ldan dkar ma) catalog, dated to c. 812 ᴄᴇ, which lists it among the “Miscellaneous Sūtras” (mdo sde sna tshogs) between eleven and twenty-six sections (bam po) long. Denkarma, F.296.b.6; see also Herrmann-Pfandt 2008, p. 43, no. 76.

n.3

Poussin 1991, p. 193.

n.4

Lamotte 2001, vol. IV, p. 1616.

n.5

Gotra means both “family” and “class” but carries also the sense of “seed” or “fundamental element.” A sentient being’s capacity for progress on the path to liberation and awakening is thus determined by the particular type of gotra that the given being belongs to or possesses. For a classic discussion of the various gotras that in this way divide sentient beings into different classes based on their individual potentials, see Maitreya-Asaṅga’s Ornament of the Great Vehicle Sūtras (Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra), chapter III (Sanskrit edition in Levi 1907).

n.6

Or Kumbhīra, as attested by Edgerton in his Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary and by the Chinese 金毘羅 (Soothill-Hodous), although both sources list this figure as a yakṣa or a nāga rather than a monk disciple of the Buddha.

n.7

The name Vasiṣṭha is based on the Chinese, 婆私 (Soothill-Hodous). The Tibetan reads thang la gnas/gnas pa.

n.8

S: lhas mchod; D: las mchod. The Chinese confirms with 天敬. The back-translation of Marutpūjita is from Chandra Das.

n.9

“Basis of worship,” here and throughout this passage, renders the Tibetan term mchod rten, which can render the Sanskrit stūpa or caitya. The Chinese has 塔廟, which typically renders stūpa.

n.10

Tentative translation. D: ji ltar mkha’ la nam yang lag pa mi thogs dang // rdul dang du ba rnams kyis gos par mi ’gyur dang // ji ltar lam ni nam yang byed par mi ’gyur ba // chos la de bzhin mos pa rnams ni dge sbyong yin. The corresponding Chinese verse reads: “Just as space is unobstructed and cannot be sullied by smoke or dust, so is the Dharma of the mendicant originally pure and unalterable (如空無障礙，煙塵不能污，沙門法如是，本淨無變異。).

n.11

Tentative translation. D: ji ltar sangs rgyas spyan mchog gis // khams gsum shes la ma chags ’jug pa bzhin // dngos dang dngos med mnyam tshungs yid dang ldan // yang dag brtson zhing rang gi mig la gnas // gang tshe rgyal ba ting ’dzin der gnas te // de ring de dag kun gyis thob snyam bgyid. The Chinese reads: “With a mind of equanimity regarding existence and nonexistence / you have thus attained the buddha eye, which can see everywhere throughout the three realms without hindrance. Because the Buddha has entered this absorption, it has caused us too to attain this eye” (等心於有無，因是得佛眼，能於三界中，普見無障礙。佛入三昧故，令我得是眼).

n.12

Tentative translation. D: rim par phye ba’i tshigs.

n.13

It is not obvious from the text how the many flowers come about. Perhaps the original flower is instantly multiplied. The Chinese is likewise confusing: “Then all the bodhisattvas wished to scatter this utpala flower throughout the ten directions, and the Buddha touched each flower with his hand and a complete buddha body appeared at the center of each” (時諸菩薩以此蓮華欲散十方，佛以手摩一一華中佛身悉現).

n.14

Ajita is another name for the bodhisattva Maitreya.

n.15

Tentative translation. D: mig yor gyi gnas la ’jig rten mi gnas te / ’phags pa rnams dang tha mi dad pa’i slad du’o.

n.16

This is a somewhat tentative translation. D reads: de dag gis rnam par mi rtog cig kun nas nyon mongs pa med la / snang ba med pa’i byang chub lam zhugs pa’i de bzhin gshegs pa rnams kyi de bzhin gshegs pa’i gter dang / chos kyi gter bstan pa’i chos kyi rnam grangs de thos nas skrag cing dngang la dngang bar ’gyur zhing g.yang sa chen por yang ltung bar ’gyur ro. This rendering follows the variant reading of S, which here has “awakening is not accessed” (byang chub la ma zhugs), rather than D: “entered the path of awakening” (byang chub lam zhugs). The Chinese concurs more with S, which makes more sense in the context; the Chinese does not have “path,” and instead reads: “[they] will hear this sūtra teaching that the awakening of all buddhas is not gained, not lost, beyond thought, beyond defilement, beyond illumination, concurs with thus, [but is] transmitted by the Buddha” (聞是經說諸佛菩提無得、無失、無有分別、無垢、無明，隨順於如，佛所囑累。).

n.17

For this and the previous two paragraphs the translation remains tentative.

n.18

Tentative translation. D: bcom ldan ’das bdag gis dus ’gyur ba yang glo par ma chud cing bdag cag yun ji srid nas drangs pa’am / yun ji srid nas khrid pa yang skad cig gcig dang / thang cig gcig tsam yang glo bar ma chud la / yud tsam gcig kyang rjes su mi dran lags kyang bdag ni ’di snyam sems lags te.

n.19

The translation of this paragraph remains tentative.

n.20

We have not been able to find reference to this type of enumeration elsewhere.

n.21

Following C, J, N, K, K_Y, and H: rtun. D: rtul.

n.22

Following C, N, P, and K_Y: rin chen. D: rir chen.

n.23

Reading dgyes rather than bged.

n.24

The translation of these verses spoken by Aśoka remains tentative.

n.25

Following C, J, N, K, K_Y, and H: sems kyi. D: sems kyis.

n.26

Tentative translation. D: gang dag mig dang gzugs gnas shing // tshor ba dang ni ’du shes gnas // ’du byed la yang gnas nas su // bdag nyid rnam shes ma byas pa.

n.27

Tentative translation. D: bzod pa ’di ’dra de skye pa // blo gros bstan pas bzod du zad // bong ba’i chad pas mtshon chad la // de dag mi mjed can du ’gyur.

n.28

While each of the previous passages of this type have been listed in full, the text from this point on makes it clear that readers should infer a similar subject matter in the following abbreviated instances.

n.29

Following C, J, N, K, K_Y, and H: rgyal tshab nad yan. D: rgyal mtshan sa yan.

n.30

Although there is no exact indication of where the shift occurs, the speaker of the following verses at some point appears to change from being the emanated bodhisattvas to the Buddha Śākyamuni.

n.31

At this point the verses spoken by the bodhisattvas appear to end, such that the following verses are spoken by the Buddha.

n.32

Tentative translation. D: gang dag gcer bu’i sems can ma gtogs par // thos nas su zhig dga’ ba skye mi ’gyur // sangs rgyas kyis kyang de ni yong ma gsungs // ’on kyang de dag dge dang ldan par ’gyur.

n.33

Amogha (Tib. don yod) means “meaningful.”

n.34

The name “Infinite Armor” (go cha mtha’ yas) is repeated in the original text.

n.35

It is not quite clear which three classes are intended here. D: thub pa khams gsum nges ’byung rigs gsum ldan .

n.36

D: bag chags kyi mtsham sbyor ba ma lus pa nyid rjes su ’thob par ’gyur ba ste.

n.37

Tentative translation. D: de bzhin gshegs pas ’khor lo’i tshad tsam la gzigs na yang de lho nub kyi phyogs mtshams nas dpag tshad drug cu rtsa gnyis su sa yongs su g.yos par ’gyur ro.

n.38

K_Y, K, N, and H: na (“if”); D: nas (gerundive).

n.39

K_Y, K, N, and H: na (“if”); D: nas (gerundive).

n.40

K_Y, K, C, and U: nges (“conviction,” “certainty,” “ascertainment”); D: des (“gentleness,” “mildness”).

n.41

The translation of the following paragraph is tentative.

n.42

K_Y, K, N, and H: nges; D: des.

n.43

The translation of the final two lines of this verse is tentative. D: gang dag phug nas brten pa rnams/ /de dag gis ni lus mi shes.

n.44

According to MW. D: dha nu ska ri. The Mahāvyutpatti has dhānuṣkārī.

n.45

This perhaps refers to mandārava and mahāmandārava, which the Mahāvyutpatti lists consecutively.

n.46

K_Y, K, and H: rang gi; D: rang gis.

n.47

K_Y, J, K, N, C, and H: bstan (“teach”); D: brtan (“stable,” “stabilize”).

n.48

A more expanded analogy using the single taste of water collected in the ocean (but to illustrate slightly different points) can be seen at 8.23.

n.49

Translation of this verse is tentative. D: ji ltar rgyal srid rab bsngags na/ /bzhin ’dzun khro bar mi bgyis lags/ /de dag gi ni rnam rgyal der/ /sangs rgyas mthong ba’ang rnyed par ’gyur.

n.50

Literally “armor” (Tib. go cha, Skt. saṃnāha). K_Y, J, K, N, C, and H all have “procedure” (cho ga). We have translated based on D (go cha, “armor”) in light of its appearance in the passage immediately following.

n.51

gnyi ga’i cha las rnam par grol ba (ubhayatobhāgavimukta). Edgerton cites La Valle Poussin’s summary of the Abhidharmakośa’s interpretation of this phrase as “delivered from the obstacle of the passions (“impurities,” kleśāvaraṇa), and from the obstacle to (the eight) vimokṣa .”

n.52

J, N, C, and H: spyod par; D: sbyong bar; K_Y, K: spong bar.

n.53

K_Y, J, K, C, and H: gtong bar; N: gtang bar; D: gtod par.

n.54

K_Y, J, K, N, and C: gtor ba; D: gtod pa.

n.55

K_Y, J, N, and C: gtor bar; D: gtong bar; H: gtod par.

n.56

K_Y, K, and H: +mi.

n.57

There is a play on words here between “elements” (mahābhūta) and “unborn” (abhūta).

n.58

K_Y, J, K, N, and H: ma bsten; D: bsten.

n.59

K_Y, K, and H: ki; D: kyis.

n.60

Tentative translation. D: rtsa ’jings.

n.61

K_Y, K, N, C, U, and H: po; D: mo.

n.62

Tentative translation. D: bcom ldan ’das su sangs rgyas la skyabs su mi mchi/ chos la skyabs su mi mchi/ dge ’dun la skyabs su mi mchi ba des chos nyid de kun du ’tshal lags so.

n.63

K_Y, J, K, and C: de dag thams cad kyang rgya mtsho chen po rab tu gnas pa na nor bu rin po che de dag ni rin thang gdab du yod pa’am / rin thang gdab tu med pa yin pa de lta bur shes par bya ba yin zhing. N: de dag thams cad kyang rgya mtsho chen po na rab tu gnas pa na nor bu rin po che de dag ni rin thang gdab du yod pa’am / rin thang gdab tu med pa yin pa de lta bur shes par bya ba yin zhing.

n.64

U, H: gi; D: gis.

n.65

This is a poetic synonym for either “ocean” or “ground.” The term reappears below as an explicit epithet for “ocean.”

n.66

D: kun bged pa. This term is unattested in all lexicons, but present in several other texts of the Kangyur editions. Judging by the other contexts in which it appears, it might be related to the verb ’gyed = “to send,” “give,” “distribute,” “emanate,” or “argue.”

n.67

K_Y, J, K, N, C, and H: klog pa (Mahāvyutpatti = vācana: “to cause to recite,” “the act of recitation,” “reading,” “declaring”); D: zlog par (“to repeal, avert”).

n.68

Tentative translation. D: de tshe nor bu rnams kyi ’od ’byung ba/ /nor bu dag gi ’od du khyab par ’gyur.

n.69

Tentative translation. D: sha ra dva ti’ bu yang gang dag gzhan la phan pa’i phyir dang bdag la phan pa’i phyir zhugs pa dag lta zhog gi / sha ra dva ti’ bu sems can gang dag bdag dang gzhan la phan pa’i phyir zhugs pa de dag ni dkon no/ /mchog tu rab tu dkon no.

n.70

K_Y, K, and C: bral (“free from,” “separate from”); D: gral (“row”).

n.71

K_Y, K: ci bstan; J, N, and C: ji bstan (“what is taught”); D: ji bsten (“what is relied upon”).

n.72

Tentative translation. D: bcom ldan ’das slad kyis ni bcom ldan ’das las thos nas re zhig gang gis sems can ’ga’ yang bgyid pa de la ’jog pa’i mthu bdag bcag la ma mchis so.

n.73

rigs pa dang grol ba here and below describes two qualities of pratibhāna (spobs pa), “inspired speech,” or “eloquence,” which is a requisite quality of a qualified Dharma preacher: the ability to preach the Dharma in a “coherent” (yukta) and “free,” as in “fluid” and “fluent” (mukta), manner.

n.74

K_Y, K, N, and H: bsal; D: bstsal.

n.75

K_Y, K: chog (“sufficient”); D: mchog (“supreme”).

n.76

Tentative translation. D: bstan pa ’di ni brjod byas te/ /blo ngan dus ni drang po yin.

n.77

Tentative translation. D: ji ltar chags par blta bya dang/ /de yi gnas pa yod min bzhin.

n.78

N, C, and H: bsal; D: bstsal.

n.79

Tentative translation. D: yi ge ji bzhin phyag rgya grangs.

n.80

The translation of the first two lines of this verse is tentative. D: rab drag las can ser skya ljang ku skras/ /kas bub bum pa’i nang du rab tu ’jug.

n.81

The translation of the final two lines of this verse is tentative. D: de yi sems la nam yang ni/ /yongs su gdung ba byung ma gyur.

n.82

U, H: la. D: las.

n.83

Most available printings of the Degé Kangur have an error in the folio numbering from this point onward; the numbering error has been corrected in the displayed eKangyur pages but folio numbers in xylograph versions are likely to need increasing by one.

n.84

K_Y, K: las. D: la.

n.85

K_Y, J, K, N, C, and H: glo bur. D: blo bul. We have interpreted this term as a translation of āgantu (“guest”) rather than the more common akasmāt (“causeless,” “unforeseen,” “unexpected,” “sudden”).

n.86

The translation of this verse is tentative. D: byang chub spyad pa spyod pa dag kyang mthong/ /sangs rgyas zhing ’di ni ni dpa’ bog cig/ /gang zhig chos gos thogs nas gnas pa lags/ ma bslabs pa yis ’di la ji ltar bslab.

n.87

U, H: pa; D: pa’i.

n.88

K_Y, J, K, N, C, and H: tsam; D: snyam.

n.89

Tentative translation. D: brtan pa’i blo gros phyi ma’i tshe phyi ma’i dus lnga brgya pa tha ma la bab pa na/ gang las ting nge ’dzin de thos pa’i byang chub sems dpa’ de ni ting nge dzin des nges par ’byung ba yin zhing/ dge sbyong de’i spobs pa mtha’ yas pa yin par de’i mtha’ khong du chud par bya’o.

n.90

The translation of the preceding three verses is tentative. D: gang gis de ni thob ’gyur ba’i/ ting ’dzin nga yis bshad pas na/ phyi nas ’chad pa su yi yang/ /bzhin la de ni lta mi ’gyur/ lha dang klu dang mi’am ci/ /mi dang mi ma yin rnams kyang/ bshad pas de yi gdong du lta/ /mang por rnam par lta bar ’gyur/ gang dag de yis gang nas thob/ de la des ni ji ltar bslabs/ ji ltar chos kyis khyad par ’phags/ mdo sde de ni rab bshad pas/ de dag bsam pa shes par ’gyur.

n.91

K_Y, J, K, N, C, and H: yi; D: yis.

n.92

The translation of the final two lines of this verse is tentative. D: dmigs pa’i rab tu dbye ba yis/ /ji ltar sprul pa ’byung ba bzhin.

n.93

K_Y and K are missing this line: kha cig byang chub phyir ni spyod snyam byed.

n.94

K_Y, J, K, N, C, and H: nga; D: de.

Bibliography

’phags pa dge ba’i rtsa ba yongs su ’dzin pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po’i mdo. Toh 101, Degé Kangyur vol. 48 (mdo sde, nga), folios 1.a–227.b.

’phags pa dge ba’i rtsa ba yongs su ’dzin pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po’i mdo. bka’ ’gyur (dpe bsdur ma) [Comparative Edition of the Kangyur], krung go’i bod rig pa zhib ’jug ste gnas kyi bka’ bstan dpe sdur khang (The Tibetan Tripitaka Collation Bureau of the China Tibetology Research Center). 108 volumes. Beijing: krung go’i bod rig pa dpe skrun khang (China Tibetology Publishing House), 2006–9, vol. 48, pp. 3–580.

Denkarma (pho brang stod thang ldan [/ lhan] dkar gyi chos 'gyur ro cog gi dkar chag). Degé Tengyur, vol. 206 (sna tshogs, jo), folios 294.b–310.a.

Csoma de Körös, Alexander. “Analysis of the Mdo.” Asiatic Researches 20 (1836): 429.

Edgerton, Franklin. Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and Dictionary, vols. 1–2. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1985.

Feer, Henri Léon. “Analyse du Kandjour: recueil des livres sacrés du Tibet par Alexandre Csoma de Körös.” Annales du Musée Guimet. Lyon: Imprimerie Pitrat Ainé (1881): 234–235.

Herrmann-Pfandt, Adelheid. Die lHan kar ma: ein früher Katalog der ins Tibetische übersetzten buddhistischen Texte. Vienna: Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2008.

Kumārajīva《佛說華手經》. “Kuśalamūlasamparigraha (Fo Shuo Hua Shou Jing).” In Taishō shinshū Daizōkyō 《大正新脩大藏經》, edited by Takakusu Junjiro, vol. 16, no. 657. Tokyo: Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō Kankōkai, 1988. Accessed via CBETA: T16n0657.

Lamotte, Étienne. The Treatise on the Great Virtue of Wisdom of Nāgārjuna (Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra), vol. IV. Translated from the French, Le Traité de la grande Vertu de Sagesse de Nāgārjuna (Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra), by Gelongma Karma Migme Chodron. Unpublished manuscript, 2001.

Levi, S. Mahāyāna-Sūtrālaṃkāra: Expose de la Doctrine du Grande Vehicule. Paris: Librarie Hononoré Champion, 1907.

Monier-Williams, M. A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Delhi: Bharatiya G.N. (Educa Books), 2005.

Poussin, Louis de la Vallée. Abhidharmakośabhāṣyam, vol. I. Translated from the French translation by Leo M. Pruden. Berkeley: Asian Humanities Press, 1991.

Glossary

g.1

Ābhāsvara

’od gsal

འོད་གསལ།

Ābhāsvara

A great bodhisattva.

g.2

Abhava

srid pa med pa

སྲིད་པ་མེད་པ།

Abhava

A buddha realm.

g.3

Abhaya

mi ’jigs pa

མི་འཇིགས་པ།

Abhaya

A buddha.

g.4

Abhaya

mi ’jigs pa

མི་འཇིགས་པ།

Abhaya

A great bodhisattva.

g.5

Abhaya

’jigs med

འཇིགས་མེད།

Abhaya

A buddha realm.

g.6

Abhayapradā

mi ’jigs sbyin

མི་འཇིགས་སྦྱིན།

Abhayapradā

A great bodhisattva.

g.7

Abhidharma

chos mngon pa

ཆོས་མངོན་པ།

abhidharma

The Buddha’s teachings regarding subjects such as wisdom, psychology, metaphysics, and cosmology.

g.8

Abhirati

mngon par dga’ ba

མངོན་པར་དགའ་བ།

Abhirati

A buddha realm.

g.9

Abidance through Infinite Observations

dmigs pa mtha’ yas pas gnas pa

དམིགས་པ་མཐའ་ཡས་པས་གནས་པ།

A buddha.

g.10

Abiding Wisdom

ye shes rab gnas

ཡེ་ཤེས་རབ་གནས།

A buddha.

g.11

Able Intelligence

blo gros legs gnas

བློ་གྲོས་ལེགས་གནས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.12

Abode of the Powerful One

dbang po’i gnas

དབང་པོའི་གནས།

A buddha realm.

g.13

Above All

phyogs su ’phags

ཕྱོགས་སུ་འཕགས།

A buddha.

g.14

Absence of Objective Perception

dmigs pa med pa

དམིགས་པ་མེད་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.15

Absence of Trepidation

bag tsha ba med pa

བག་ཚ་བ་མེད་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.16

Absorption

ting nge ’dzin

ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན།

samādhi

A general term for states of deep concentration. One of the synonyms for meditation, referring in particular to a state of complete concentration or focus.

g.17

Abundant Colors

kun tu kha dog

ཀུན་ཏུ་ཁ་དོག

A buddha realm.

g.18

Abundant Marks

kun nas mtshan

ཀུན་ནས་མཚན།

A buddha realm.

g.19

Acalapadavikrāmin

mi g.yo ba’i gom pas rnam par gnon pa

མི་གཡོ་བའི་གོམ་པས་རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པ།

Acalapadavikrāmin

A great bodhisattva.

g.20

Accomplisher of All Happiness

bde ba thams cad nye bar sgrub mdzad

བདེ་བ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཉེ་བར་སྒྲུབ་མཛད།

A buddha.

g.21

Accumulated Wisdom

ye shes bsags

ཡེ་ཤེས་བསགས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.22

Acintyaśrī

bsam gyis mi khyab pa’i dpal

བསམ་གྱིས་མི་ཁྱབ་པའི་དཔལ།

Acintyaśrī

A great bodhisattva.

g.23

Acintyaśrī

bsam gyis mi khyab pa’i dpal

བསམ་གྱིས་མི་ཁྱབ་པའི་དཔལ།

Acintyaśrī

A buddha realm.

g.24

Action Beyond Differences

tha mi dad par spyod pa

ཐ་མི་དད་པར་སྤྱོད་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.25

Actualizing the Branches of Awakening

byang chub yan lag rtogs pa

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཡན་ལག་རྟོགས་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.26

Acumen That Does Not Leave Out Any Being throughout All Buddhafields

sangs rgyas kyi zhing thams cad du sems can thams cad gcad du med pa’i spobs pa

སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་ཞིང་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་སེམས་ཅན་ཐམས་ཅད་གཅད་དུ་མེད་པའི་སྤོབས་པ།

A buddha.

g.27

Acyuta

shi ’phos med

ཤི་འཕོས་མེད།

Acyuta

A buddha realm.

g.28

Adorned

brgyan pa

བརྒྱན་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.29

Adorned by Gods

lha’i brgyan pa

ལྷའི་བརྒྱན་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.30

Adorned with All Good Qualities

yon tan kun gyis brgyan

ཡོན་ཏན་ཀུན་གྱིས་བརྒྱན།

A buddha realm.

g.31

Adorned with All Qualities

yon tan kun gyis so sor brgyan pa

ཡོན་ཏན་ཀུན་གྱིས་སོ་སོར་བརྒྱན་པ།

A buddha.

g.32

Adorned with Incense

spos kyi brgyan pa

སྤོས་ཀྱི་བརྒྱན་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.33

Aggregate

phung po

ཕུང་པོ།

skandha

Here, referring to the five collections of psycho-physical factors that constitute beings: form, feelings, perceptions, formations, and consciousness.

g.34

Agnidatta

mes sbyin

མེས་སྦྱིན།

Agnidatta

A great bodhisattva.

g.35

Ajita

ma pham

མ་ཕམ།

Ajita

An epithet of the bodhisattva Maitreya.

g.36

Ākara

’byung gnas

འབྱུང་གནས།

Ākara

A buddha realm.

g.37

Akrodhana

khro bo med pa

ཁྲོ་བོ་མེད་པ།

Akrodhana

A householder.

g.38

Akṣobhya

mi ’khrugs pa

མི་འཁྲུགས་པ།

Akṣobhya

A great bodhisattva.

g.39

Akṣobhya

mi ’khrugs pa

མི་འཁྲུགས་པ།

Akṣobhya

A buddha.

g.40

All Bliss

bde ba thams cad

བདེ་བ་ཐམས་ཅད།

A buddha realm.

g.41

All-Holding

kun ’dzin

ཀུན་འཛིན།

A buddha realm.

g.42

All-Seeing Roar

kun tu gzigs pa’i nga ro

ཀུན་ཏུ་གཟིགས་པའི་ང་རོ།

A buddha.

g.43

Always Adorned

rtag tu brgyan

རྟག་ཏུ་བརྒྱན།

A buddha realm.

g.44

Amitābha

snang ba mtha’ yas

སྣང་བ་མཐའ་ཡས།

Amitābha

A buddha.

g.45

Amitābha

snang ba mtha’ yas

སྣང་བ་མཐའ་ཡས།

Amitābha

A great bodhisattva.

g.46

Amitābha

snang ba mtha’ yas

སྣང་བ་མཐའ་ཡས།

Amitābha

A buddha realm.

g.47

Amoghadarśin

mthong ba don yod

མཐོང་བ་དོན་ཡོད།

Amoghadarśin

A buddha realm.

g.48

Amoghadarśin

mthong ba don yod

མཐོང་བ་དོན་ཡོད།

Amoghadarśin

A great bodhisattva.

g.49

Amoghadarśin

mthong ba don yod

མཐོང་བ་དོན་ཡོད།

Amoghadarśin

A buddha.

g.50

Amoghapadavikrāmin

don yod gom pas rnam par gnon pa

དོན་ཡོད་གོམ་པས་རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པ།

Amoghapadavikrāmin

A buddha.

g.51

Amoghapadavikrāmin

don yod gom pas rnam par gnon pa

དོན་ཡོད་གོམ་པས་རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པ།

Amoghapadavikrāmin

A great bodhisattva.

g.52

Amogharāja

don yod rgyal po

དོན་ཡོད་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Amogharāja

One of the Buddha’s foremost hearer disciples.

g.53

Amoghasiddhi

don yod grub

དོན་ཡོད་གྲུབ།

Amoghasiddhi

A buddha.

g.54

Amṛtaghoṣa

bdud rtsi’i dbyangs

བདུད་རྩིའི་དབྱངས།

Amṛtaghoṣa

A great bodhisattva.

g.55

Amṛtaghoṣa

bdud rtsi’i dbyangs

བདུད་རྩིའི་དབྱངས།

Amṛtaghoṣa

A buddha.

g.56

Amṛtaṃdhara

bdud rtsi ’dzin

བདུད་རྩི་འཛིན།

Amṛtaṃdhara

A buddha.

g.57

Amṛtaṃdhara

bdud rtsi ’dzin

བདུད་རྩི་འཛིན།

Amṛtaṃdhara

A great bodhisattva.

g.58

Ānanda

kun dga’ bo

ཀུན་དགའ་བོ།

Ānanda

One of the Buddha’s foremost hearer disciples.

g.59

Ānanda

kun dga’ bo

ཀུན་དགའ་བོ།

Ānanda

A great bodhisattva.

g.60

Ānandabhadra

kun dga’ bzang po

ཀུན་དགའ་བཟང་པོ།

Ānandabhadra

An emanated monk.

g.61

Ananta

mtha’ yas

མཐའ་ཡས།

Ananta

A king.

g.62

Anantajñānavicita

ye shes mtha’ yas rnam par bsags pa

ཡེ་ཤེས་མཐའ་ཡས་རྣམ་པར་བསགས་པ།

A buddha (“He in Whom Infinite Wisdom Is Amassed”).

g.63

Anantamati

blo gros mtha’ yas

བློ་གྲོས་མཐའ་ཡས།

Anantamati

A great bodhisattva.

g.64

Anantamati

blo gros mtha’ yas

བློ་གྲོས་མཐའ་ཡས།

Anantamati

A buddha.

g.65

Anantaprabha

’od mtha’ yas

འོད་མཐའ་ཡས།

Anantaprabha

A buddha.

g.66

Anantapratibhāna

spobs pa mtha’ yas

སྤོབས་པ་མཐའ་ཡས།

Anantapratibhāna

A great bodhisattva.

g.67

Anantaraśmi

’od zer mtha’ yas

འོད་ཟེར་མཐའ་ཡས།

Anantaraśmi

A buddha.

g.68

Anantarāśmin

’od zer mtha’ yas

འོད་ཟེར་མཐའ་ཡས།

Anantarāśmin

A buddha.

g.69

Anantavikrāmin

mtha’ yas rnam par gnon pa

མཐའ་ཡས་རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པ།

Anantavikrāmin

A buddha.

g.70

Anantavikrāmin

mtha’ yas rnam par gnon pa

མཐའ་ཡས་རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པ།

Anantavikrāmin

A great bodhisattva.

g.71

Anantavīrya

brtson ’grus mtha’ yas

བརྩོན་འགྲུས་མཐས་ཡས།

Anantavīrya

A great bodhisattva.

g.72

Anantavīrya

brtson ’grus mtha’ yas

བརྩོན་འགྲུས་མཐའ་ཡས།

Anantavīrya

A buddha.

g.73

Anavatapta

ma dros pa

མ་དྲོས་པ།

Anavatapta

A nāga king.

g.74

Anavatapta

ma dros pa

མ་དྲོས་པ།

Anavatapta

A lake near Mount Sumeru.

g.75

Aṅga

ang ga

ཨང་ག

Aṅga

A town in the region of Magadha.

g.76

Anikṣiptadhura

brtson pa mi gtong

བརྩོན་པ་མི་གཏོང་།

Anikṣiptadhura

A great bodhisattva.

g.77

Animitta

mtshan ma med pa

མཚན་མ་མེད་པ།

Animitta

A buddha realm.

g.78

Aṅkita

mtshan ldan

མཚན་ལྡན།

Aṅkita

A buddha realm.

g.79

Anupamamati

blo gros dpe med

བློ་གྲོས་དཔེ་མེད།

Anupamamati

A great bodhisattva.

g.80

Anupamaśrī

dpe med dpal

དཔེ་མེད་དཔལ།

Anupamaśrī

A buddha realm.

g.81

Appearing as Gold

ser du snang ba

སེར་དུ་སྣང་བ།

A buddha realm.

g.82

Applications of mindfulness

yang dag pa’i dran pa nye bar bzhag pa

ཡང་དག་པའི་དྲན་པ་ཉེ་བར་བཞག་པ།

samyaksmṛtyupasthānāni

Mindfulness of the body, feelings, the mind, and phenomena.

g.83

Aprameyapratibhāna

spobs pa dpag med

སྤོབས་པ་དཔག་མེད།

Aprameyapratibhāna

A great bodhisattva.

g.84

Aprameyapratibhāna

spobs pa dpag med

སྤོབས་པ་དཔག་མེད།

Aprameyapratibhāna

A buddha.

g.85

Aprameyavikrāmin

dpag med rnam par gnon pa

དཔག་མེད་རྣམ་པར་གནོན་པ།

Aprameyavikrāmin

A great bodhisattva.

g.86

Ārakṣapati Megheśvaradīpa

kun tu srung ba’i bdag po sprin gyi dbang phyug mar me

ཀུན་ཏུ་སྲུང་བའི་བདག་པོ་སྤྲིན་གྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག་མར་མེ།

A buddha.

g.87

Armor of Accomplishment

grub pa’i go cha

གྲུབ་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.88

Armor of All Beings

sems can kun gyi go cha

སེམས་ཅན་ཀུན་གྱི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.89

Armor of Ascertainment Immediately upon Sight

mthong ma thag tu nges pa’i go cha

མཐོང་མ་ཐག་ཏུ་ངེས་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.90

Armor of Constant Exertion

rtag tu brtsam pa’i go cha

རྟག་ཏུ་བརྩམ་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.91

Armor of Entering All Realms

gro ba kun ’gyur ba’i go cha

གྲོ་བ་ཀུན་འགྱུར་བའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.92

Armor of Excellent Action

legs par spyad pa’i go cha

ལེགས་པར་སྤྱད་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.93

Armor of Great Compassion

snying rje chen po’i go cha

སྙིང་རྗེ་ཆེན་པོའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.94

Armor of Infinite Aspirations

smon lam mtha’ yas go cha

སྨོན་ལམ་མཐའ་ཡས་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.95

Armor of Lion-like Understanding

seng ge’i legs par brtags pa’i go cha

སེང་གེའི་ལེགས་པར་བརྟགས་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.96

Armor of Marks

mtshan gyi go cha

མཚན་གྱི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.97

Armor of Observing

dmigs pa’i go cha

དམིགས་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.98

Armor of Perfect Analysis

shin tu yang dag brtags kyi go cha

ཤིན་ཏུ་ཡང་དག་བརྟགས་ཀྱི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.99

Armor of Perfect Analysis

shin tu yang dag brtags kyi go cha

ཤིན་ཏུ་ཡང་དག་བརྟགས་ཀྱི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.100

Armor of Profound Conduct

spyod pa zab pa’i go cha

སྤྱོད་པ་ཟབ་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.101

Armor of Pure and Stainless Liberation

rdul med rdul bral rnam par grol ba’i go cha

རྡུལ་མེད་རྡུལ་བྲལ་རྣམ་པར་གྲོལ་བའི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.102

Armor of Stable Presence

shin tu rab gnas go cha

ཤིན་ཏུ་རབ་གནས་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.103

Armor of the Absence of Signs

mtshan ma med pa’i go cha

མཚན་མ་མེད་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.104

Armor of the Characteristic of the Absence of Marks

mtshan ma med pa’i mtshan nyid go cha

མཚན་མ་མེད་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.105

Armor of the Limitless Mind

sems tshad med pa’i go cha

སེམས་ཚད་མེད་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.106

Armor of the Renown of Wisdom

ye shes rnam par bsgrags pa’i go cha

ཡེ་ཤེས་རྣམ་པར་བསྒྲགས་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.107

Armor of Transcendent and Stainless Liberation Who Is Free from Hindrances regarding Past, Future, and Present

rdul med rdul bral rnam grol ’das pa dang ma ’ongs pa dang da ltar byung ba la ma chags pa’i go cha

རྡུལ་མེད་རྡུལ་བྲལ་རྣམ་གྲོལ་འདས་པ་དང་མ་འོངས་པ་དང་ད་ལྟར་བྱུང་བ་ལ་མ་ཆགས་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.108

Armor of Unimpeded Courage

thogs pa med pa’i snying stobs go cha

ཐོགས་པ་མེད་པའི་སྙིང་སྟོབས་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.109

Armor of Universal Renown

phyogs su rnam par bsgrags pa’i go cha

ཕྱོགས་སུ་རྣམ་པར་བསྒྲགས་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.110

Armor That Excels among All Sentient Beings

sems can kun las mngon par ’phags pa’i go cha

སེམས་ཅན་ཀུན་ལས་མངོན་པར་འཕགས་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.111

Armor That No Sentient Being Can Destroy

sems can thams cad kyis mi shigs pa’i go cha

སེམས་ཅན་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱིས་མི་ཤིགས་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A buddha.

g.112

Array of Bliss

bde ba bkod pa

བདེ་བ་བཀོད་པ།

A buddha.

g.113

Array of Heavenly Bodies

rgyu skar bkod pa

རྒྱུ་སྐར་བཀོད་པ།

A buddha.

g.114

Array of Infinite Jewels

rin chen mtha’ yas brtsegs pa

རིན་ཆེན་མཐའ་ཡས་བརྩེགས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.115

Array of Infinite Qualities

yon tan mtha’ yas bkod pa

ཡོན་ཏན་མཐའ་ཡས་བཀོད་པ།

A buddha.

g.116

Array of Infinite Qualities

yon tan mtha’ yas bkod pa

ཡོན་ཏན་མཐའ་ཡས་བཀོད་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.117

Array of Parasol Garlands

gdugs kyi phreng ba bkod pa

གདུགས་ཀྱི་ཕྲེང་བ་བཀོད་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.118

Array of the Perfect Assembly

tshogs mchog bkod pa

ཚོགས་མཆོག་བཀོད་པ།

The name of the bodhisattva Aśoka when he became a buddha.

g.119

Arthamati

don gyi blo gros

དོན་གྱི་བློ་གྲོས།

Arthamati

The merchant son of Akrodhana.

g.120

Arthamati

don gyi blo gros

དོན་གྱི་བློ་གྲོས།

Arthamati

A great bodhisattva.

g.121

Aśoka

mya ngan med pa

མྱ་ངན་མེད་པ།

Aśoka

A great bodhisattva.

g.122

Aśoka

mya ngan med pa

མྱ་ངན་མེད་པ།

Aśoka

Son of King Lion Glory, who, together with his brother Vigataśoka, became a monk and a bodhisattva of the thus-gone King of Bliss. Finally, he became the buddha known as Array of the Perfect Assembly.

g.123

Aśoka

mya ngan med

མྱ་ངན་མེད།

Aśoka

A buddha realm.

g.124

Aspiration Bringing Flawlessness

skyon med ’gyur mdzad smon lam

སྐྱོན་མེད་འགྱུར་མཛད་སྨོན་ལམ།

A buddha.

g.125

Attainer of Fearlessness

mi ’jigs thob

མི་འཇིགས་ཐོབ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.126

Attainer of Fearlessness

mi ’jigs brnyes pa

མི་འཇིགས་བརྙེས་པ།

A buddha.

g.127

Attainment of Recollection

dran pa rnyed pa

དྲན་པ་རྙེད་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.128

Atyāyata

shin tu yangs pa

ཤིན་ཏུ་ཡངས་པ།

Atyāyata

A buddha realm.

g.129

Authentic eliminations

yang dag par spong ba

ཡང་དག་པར་སྤོང་བ།

samyakprahāṇa

Relinquishing negative acts in the present and the future, and enhancing positive acts in the present and the future.

g.130

Awesome Lotus King of Superior Flowers

pad ma ’jigs byed me tog mngon par ’phags pa’i rgyal po

པད་མ་འཇིགས་བྱེད་མེ་ཏོག་མངོན་པར་འཕགས་པའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

A buddha.

g.131

Balabhadra

stobs bzang

སྟོབས་བཟང་།

Balabhadra

A great bodhisattva.

g.132

Banner Beyond Defeat

rgyal mtshan phas ma pham pa

རྒྱལ་མཚན་ཕས་མ་ཕམ་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.133

Banner of Certain Guidance

nges par ’dren pa’i rgyal mtshan

ངེས་པར་འདྲེན་པའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

A buddha.

g.134

Banner of Indra

dbang po’i rgyal mtshan

དབང་པོའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

A buddha realm.

g.135

Banner of Numerous Jewels

rin chen sna tshogs rgyal mtshan

རིན་ཆེན་སྣ་ཚོགས་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

A buddha realm.

g.136

Banner of Sustenance

zas kyi rgyal mtshan

ཟས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

A buddha realm.

g.137

Bases of supernatural power

rdzu ’phrul gyi rkang pa

རྫུ་འཕྲུལ་གྱི་རྐང་པ།

ṛddhipāda

Four types of absorption related to intention, diligence, attention, and analysis as they manifest on the greater path of accumulation.

g.138

Bearer of Garlands of Heavenly Bodies

rgyu skar phreng ba can

རྒྱུ་སྐར་ཕྲེང་བ་ཅན།

A buddha realm.

g.139

Bearer of the Armor against Wrongdoing

log pa’i go cha bgos

ལོག་པའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.140

Bearer of the Armor Beyond Change and Free from Weariness

gyur ba skyo ba med pa go cha bgos

གྱུར་བ་སྐྱོ་བ་མེད་པ་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.141

Bearer of the Armor for Infinite Eons

bskal pa mtha’ yas par go cha bgos pa

བསྐལ་པ་མཐའ་ཡས་པར་གོ་ཆ་བགོས་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.142

Bearer of the Armor of All Objects of Perception

dmigs pa kun gyi go cha bgos

དམིགས་པ་ཀུན་གྱི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.143

Bearer of the Armor of Being Unperturbed

rnam par ma ’khrugs pa’i go cha bgos

རྣམ་པར་མ་འཁྲུགས་པའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.144

Bearer of the Armor of Caring for All Beings

sems can thams cad mos pa’i go cha bgos

སེམས་ཅན་ཐམས་ཅད་མོས་པའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A buddha.

g.145

Bearer of the Armor of Constant Joy

rtag tu rab tu dga’ ba go cha bgos

རྟག་ཏུ་རབ་ཏུ་དགའ་བ་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.146

Bearer of the Armor of Constant Longing

rtag tu gdung ba’i go cha bgos

རྟག་ཏུ་གདུང་བའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.147

Bearer of the Armor of Courage That Comes from Roots of Virtue Definitively Directed toward All-Seeing Buddhahood

kun du bltas pa’i byang chub tu nges pa’i dge ba’i rtsa ba’i snying stobs kyi go cha gos

ཀུན་དུ་བལྟས་པའི་བྱང་ཆུབ་ཏུ་ངེས་པའི་དགེ་བའི་རྩ་བའི་སྙིང་སྟོབས་ཀྱི་གོ་ཆ་གོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.148

Bearer of the Armor of Female Forms

bud med ’gyur ba’i go cha bgos pa

བུད་མེད་འགྱུར་བའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.149

Bearer of the Armor of Glorious Equality

dpal mnyam pa’i go cha bgos

དཔལ་མཉམ་པའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.150

Bearer of the Armor of Impartiality

mi lta ba’i go cha bgos

མི་ལྟ་བའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.151

Bearer of the Armor of Keeping the Lineage of the Buddhas Unbroken

sangs rgyas kyi gdung rgyun mi gcod pa’i go cha bgos

སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་གདུང་རྒྱུན་མི་གཅོད་པའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.152

Bearer of the Armor of Male Forms

skyes pa ’gyur ba’i go cha bgos pa

སྐྱེས་པ་འགྱུར་བའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.153

Bearer of the Armor of Never Parting from the Buddhas

sangs rgyas ma bral ba’i go cha bgos

སངས་རྒྱས་མ་བྲལ་བའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.154

Bearer of the Armor of Non-Appropriation

ma blangs ba’i go cha bgos

མ་བླངས་བའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.155

Bearer of the Armor of the Forms of Sentient Beings

sems can ’gyur ba’i go cha bgos pa

སེམས་ཅན་འགྱུར་བའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.156

Bearer of the Armor of the Unimpeded Wheel

’khor lo thogs pa med pa’i go cha bgos

འཁོར་ལོ་ཐོགས་པ་མེད་པའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.157

Bearer of the Armor of Total Relinquishment

thams cad yongs su gtong ba’i go cha bgos

ཐམས་ཅད་ཡོངས་སུ་གཏོང་བའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.158

Bearer of the Armor of Turning the Dharma Wheel

chos kyi ’khor lo bskor ba’i go cha bgos

ཆོས་ཀྱི་འཁོར་ལོ་བསྐོར་བའི་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.159

Bearer of the Fierce

drag shul ’chang

དྲག་ཤུལ་འཆང་།

A great bodhisattva.

g.160

Bearer of the Meaningful Armor

don yod go cha bgos

དོན་ཡོད་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A buddha.

g.161

Bearer of the Meaningful Armor

don yod go cha bgos

དོན་ཡོད་གོ་ཆ་བགོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.162

Bearer of the Single Parasol

gdugs gcig pa

གདུགས་གཅིག་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.163

Beautiful Body

lus mdzes

ལུས་མཛེས།

A buddha.

g.164

Beauty

mdzes pa

མཛེས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.165

Becoming a Man

skyes pa ’gyur

སྐྱེས་པ་འགྱུར།

A great bodhisattva.

g.166

Becoming a Sentient Being

sems can ’gyur

སེམས་ཅན་འགྱུར།

A great bodhisattva.

g.167

Becoming a Womb

mngal ’gyur

མངལ་འགྱུར།

A great bodhisattva.

g.168

Becoming Man and Woman

skyes pa dang bud med ’gyur bar mdzad

སྐྱེས་པ་དང་བུད་མེད་འགྱུར་བར་མཛད།

A buddha.

g.169

Benefactor

phan bzhed

ཕན་བཞེད།

A buddha.

g.170

Beryl Light

bai dU rya’i ’od

བཻ་དཱུ་རྱའི་འོད།

A buddha realm.

g.171

Beyond All Suffering and Harm

mya ngan dang gnod pa thams cad las rgal ba

མྱ་ངན་དང་གནོད་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་ལས་རྒལ་བ།

A buddha realm.

g.172

Beyond Incense

spos ’das

སྤོས་འདས།

A buddha realm.

g.173

Beyond Mind

yid bral

ཡིད་བྲལ།

A buddha realm.

g.174

Beyond Stain

dri ’das

དྲི་འདས།

A buddha realm.

g.175

Bhadra

bzang po

བཟང་པོ།

Bhadra

A buddha realm.

g.176

Bhadraka

bzang ldan

བཟང་ལྡན།

Bhadraka

A buddha realm.

g.177

Bhadrapāla

bzang skyong

བཟང་སྐྱོང་།

Bhadrapāla

A great bodhisattva.

g.178

Bhaiṣajyarāja

sman gyi rgyal po

སྨན་གྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Bhaiṣajyarāja

A great bodhisattva.

g.179

Bhaiṣajyarāja

sman gyi rgyal po

སྨན་གྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Bhaiṣajyarāja

A buddha.

g.180

Bhava

srid pa

སྲིད་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.181

Bījadhara

sa bon ’chang

ས་བོན་འཆང་།

Bījadhara

A great bodhisattva.

g.182

Blazing Roar

nga ro ’bar

ང་རོ་འབར།

A great bodhisattva.

g.183

Blazing with Famed Power

rnam par bsgrags pa’i stobs kyis ’bar ba

རྣམ་པར་བསྒྲགས་པའི་སྟོབས་ཀྱིས་འབར་བ།

A king and great bodhisattva.

g.184

Blissful Array

bde ba bkod pa

བདེ་བ་བཀོད་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.185

Blissful Splendor

bde ba’i dpal

བདེ་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha realm.

g.186

Blooming Abundance of Precious Flowers

rin chen me tog sna tshogs me tog kun tu rgyas

རིན་ཆེན་མེ་ཏོག་སྣ་ཚོགས་མེ་ཏོག་ཀུན་ཏུ་རྒྱས།

A buddha.

g.187

Blooming Flower

me tog rgyas pa

མེ་ཏོག་རྒྱས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.188

Blooming Flower Parasol

me tog gi gdugs me tog kun tu rgyas pa

མེ་ཏོག་གི་གདུགས་མེ་ཏོག་ཀུན་ཏུ་རྒྱས་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.189

Bodhisattva Collection

byang chub sems dpa’i sde snod

བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་སྡེ་སྣོད།

Bodhisattvapiṭaka

The collection of Great Vehicle teachings.

g.190

Bodhyaṅgālaṃkāra

byang chub yang lag brgyan

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཡང་ལག་བརྒྱན།

Bodhyaṅgālaṃkāra

A buddha realm.

g.191

Body of Jewels

rin po che’i lus

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་ལུས།

A buddha.

g.192

Bodyless

sku mi mnga’ ba

སྐུ་མི་མངའ་བ།

A buddha.

g.193

Boundless Acumen

mtha’ yas spobs pa

མཐའ་ཡས་སྤོབས་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.194

Boundless Acumen

mtha’ yas spobs pa

མཐའ་ཡས་སྤོབས་པ།

A buddha.

g.195

Boundless Roar

mtha’ yas nga ro

མཐའ་ཡས་ང་རོ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.196

Boundless Splendor of Qualities

yon tan dpag tu med pa’i dpal

ཡོན་ཏན་དཔག་ཏུ་མེད་པའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.197

Brahmā

tshangs pa

ཚངས་པ།

Brahmā

Divinity in the intermediate realm within the first concentration. The personification of the universal force of Brahman, the deity in the form realm, who was during the Buddha’s time considered the supreme deity and creator of the universe. In the cosmogony of many universes, each with a thousand million worlds, there are many brahmās.

g.198

Brahmā Glory

tshangs pa’i dpal

ཚངས་པའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.199

Brahmā Mountain

tshangs pa lhun po

ཚངས་པ་ལྷུན་པོ།

A buddha.

g.200

Brahmādatta

tshangs pa’i byin

ཚངས་པའི་བྱིན།

Brahmādatta

A great bodhisattva.

g.201

Brahmādeva

tshangs lha

ཚངས་ལྷ།

Brahmādeva

A great bodhisattva.

g.202

Brahmāghoṣa

tshangs pa’i dbyangs

ཚངས་པའི་དབྱངས།

Brahmāghoṣa

A great bodhisattva.

g.203

Brahmāghoṣa

tshangs pa’i dbyangs

ཚངས་པའི་དབྱངས།

Brahmāghoṣa

A buddha.

g.204

Brahmāśrī

tshangs pa’i dpal

ཚངས་པའི་དཔལ།

Brahmāśrī

A buddha realm.

g.205

Brahmottara

tshangs mchog

ཚངས་མཆོག

Brahmottara

A great bodhisattva.

g.206

Branches of awakening

byang chub kyi yan lag

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཡན་ལག

bodhyaṅga

The aspects that constitute the path of seeing, namely remembrance, discrimination between teachings, diligence, joy, pliancy or serenity, absorption, and equanimity. These form a part of the thirty-seven factors of awakening.

g.207

Buddha Flower Ornament

sangs rgyas me tog brgyan

སངས་རྒྱས་མེ་ཏོག་བརྒྱན།

A buddha realm.

g.208

Buddha Leader

sangs rgyas khyu mchog

སངས་རྒྱས་ཁྱུ་མཆོག

A buddha.

g.209

Buddha realm

sangs rgyas kyi zhing

སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་ཞིང་།

buddhakṣetra

A pure realm manifested by a buddha or advanced bodhisattva through the power of their great merit and aspirations.

g.210

Buddha Sky

sangs rgyas nam mkha’

སངས་རྒྱས་ནམ་མཁའ།

A buddha.

g.211

Buddhabhadra

sangs rgyas bzang po

སངས་རྒྱས་བཟང་པོ།

Buddhabhadra

A great bodhisattva.

g.212

Cakravāḍa

’khor yug

འཁོར་ཡུག

Cakravāḍa

A mountain range.

g.213

Campā

tsam pa

ཙམ་པ།

Campā

Site of the bodhisattva Ajita’s rains retreat.

g.214

Candana

tsan dan

ཙན་དན།

Candana

A buddha.

g.215

Candanaśrī

tsan dan dpal

ཙན་དན་དཔལ།

Candanaśrī

A buddha.

g.216

Candra

zla ba

ཟླ་བ།

Candra

A great bodhisattva.

g.217

Candra

zla ba

ཟླ་བ།

Candra

A buddha realm.

g.218

Candrapradīpa

zla ba sgron ma

ཟླ་བ་སྒྲོན་མ།

Candrapradīpa

A buddha.

g.219

Candrapradīpa

zla ba sgron ma

ཟླ་བ་སྒྲོན་མ།

Candrapradīpa

A buddha realm.

g.220

Candrarāja

zla ba’i rgyal po

ཟླ་བའི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Candrarāja

A great bodhisattva.

g.221

Candrāvaloka

zla ba snang

ཟླ་བ་སྣང་།

Candrāvaloka

A great bodhisattva.

g.222

Carefree

so sor bag yangs

སོ་སོར་བག་ཡངས།

A buddha realm.

g.223

Causal Intelligence

rgyu’i blo gros

རྒྱུའི་བློ་གྲོས།

A buddha.

g.224

Causing Delight

rab tu dga’ byed

རབ་ཏུ་དགའ་བྱེད།

A buddha realm.

g.225

Causing Delight in All Objects of Perception

dmigs pa kun la dgyes par mdzad

དམིགས་པ་ཀུན་ལ་དགྱེས་པར་མཛད།

A buddha.

g.226

Certain Aspiration

smon lam nges pa

སྨོན་ལམ་ངེས་པ།

A buddha.

g.227

Certain Guidance

nges par ’dren pa

ངེས་པར་འདྲེན་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.228

Changing the Womb

mngal ’gyur mdzad pa

མངལ་འགྱུར་མཛད་པ།

A buddha.

g.229

Characterized by Opportunity

kun nas skabs kyi mtshan nyid

ཀུན་ནས་སྐབས་ཀྱི་མཚན་ཉིད།

A buddha realm.

g.230

Chosen Roar

nga ro bsdams

ང་རོ་བསྡམས།

A buddha.

g.231

City

grong khyer

གྲོང་ཁྱེར།

A buddha realm.

g.232

Clarifier of the Meaningful Name

don yod ming sgrogs

དོན་ཡོད་མིང་སྒྲོགས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.233

Clearly Superior

mngon ’phags

མངོན་འཕགས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.234

Color Heap

tshon rtsi’i phung po

ཚོན་རྩིའི་ཕུང་པོ།

A buddha realm.

g.235

Completely Authentic Presence

shin tu so sor yang dag par gnas pa

ཤིན་ཏུ་སོ་སོར་ཡང་དག་པར་གནས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.236

Concealed Lord Who Is the Lamp Master of the Clouds

kun tu sbas pa’i sprin gyi dbang phyug mar me

ཀུན་ཏུ་སྦས་པའི་སྤྲིན་གྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག་མར་མེ།

A buddha.

g.237

Concentration

bsam gtan

བསམ་གཏན།

dhyāna

One-pointed mental stability.

g.238

Concern for Generosity

sbyin mos

སྦྱིན་མོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.239

Conqueror of All Doubt

yid gnyis yang dag ’joms par mdzad

ཡིད་གཉིས་ཡང་དག་འཇོམས་པར་མཛད།

A buddha.

g.240

Conqueror of All Realms

’gro kun rnam par ’joms mdzad

འགྲོ་ཀུན་རྣམ་པར་འཇོམས་མཛད།

A buddha.

g.241

Conqueror of the Conceited View That Everything Exists

thams cad yod pas rgyags pa yang dag bcom

ཐམས་ཅད་ཡོད་པས་རྒྱགས་པ་ཡང་དག་བཅོམ།

A buddha.

g.242

Conqueror of the Enemy

dgra rab tu ’joms pa

དགྲ་རབ་ཏུ་འཇོམས་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.243

Conqueror of the Enemy

dgra rab tu ’joms pa

དགྲ་རབ་ཏུ་འཇོམས་པ།

A buddha.

g.244

Consecrated Branches of Awakening

byang chub kyi yan lag rab gnas

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཡན་ལག་རབ་གནས།

A buddha realm.

g.245

Consecrated Lotus

pad ma rab gnas

པད་མ་རབ་གནས།

A buddha realm.

g.246

Constant Adornment

rtag tu rgyan pa

རྟག་ཏུ་རྒྱན་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.247

Constant and Supreme Light Rays

rtag tu bla ma’i ’od zer

རྟག་ཏུ་བླ་མའི་འོད་ཟེར།

A buddha.

g.248

Constant Expression

rtag tu rab brjod

རྟག་ཏུ་རབ་བརྗོད།

A buddha realm.

g.249

Constant Fumes of Incense

rtag tu bdugs spos bdugs

རྟག་ཏུ་བདུགས་སྤོས་བདུགས།

A buddha realm.

g.250

Constant Illumination

rtag tu snang

རྟག་ཏུ་སྣང་།

A buddha realm.

g.251

Constant Incense

kun tu spos

ཀུན་ཏུ་སྤོས།

A buddha realm.

g.252

Constant Intelligence

phyad pa’i blo gros

ཕྱད་པའི་བློ་གྲོས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.253

Constant Joy

rtag tu spro ba

རྟག་ཏུ་སྤྲོ་བ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.254

Constant Masterful Expression

rtag tu shin tu smras

རྟག་ཏུ་ཤིན་ཏུ་སྨྲས།

A buddha realm.

g.255

Constant Movement

rtag tu g.yo ba

རྟག་ཏུ་གཡོ་བ།

A buddha realm.

g.256

Constant Observation

rtag tu dmigs pa

རྟག་ཏུ་དམིགས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.257

Constant Possession of Patience

rtag tu bzod pa dang ldan

རྟག་ཏུ་བཟོད་པ་དང་ལྡན།

A buddha realm.

g.258

Constant Renown

rtag tu bsgrags

རྟག་ཏུ་བསྒྲགས།

A buddha realm.

g.259

Constant Spreader of Light Rays

kun tu btang ba’i ’od zer rab btang

ཀུན་ཏུ་བཏང་བའི་འོད་ཟེར་རབ་བཏང་།

A buddha.

g.260

Constant Trembling

rtag tu kun du ’khrugs

རྟག་ཏུ་ཀུན་དུ་འཁྲུགས།

A buddha realm.

g.261

Constantly Illuminated

rtag tu snang bar byas

རྟག་ཏུ་སྣང་བར་བྱས།

A buddha realm.

g.262

Courageous

dpa’ ba

དཔའ་བ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.263

Courageous Engagement with All Objects of Perception

dmigs pa thams cad spobs pas spyod pa

དམིགས་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་སྤོབས་པས་སྤྱོད་པ།

A buddha.

g.264

Covered by Flowers

me tog gis rab tu khebs pa

མེ་ཏོག་གིས་རབ་ཏུ་ཁེབས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.265

Covered by Lotuses

pad mas rab tu khebs pa

པད་མས་རབ་ཏུ་ཁེབས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.266

Covered by Parasols

gdugs kyi khebs pa

གདུགས་ཀྱི་ཁེབས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.267

Covered by Red Utpalas

ud pa la dmar pos khebs pa

ཨུད་པ་ལ་དམར་པོས་ཁེབས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.268

Covered by Utpalas

ud pa las rab tu khebs pa

ཨུད་པ་ལས་རབ་ཏུ་ཁེབས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.269

Covered in Flower Nets

me tog dra bas kun g.yogs

མེ་ཏོག་དྲ་བས་ཀུན་གཡོགས།

A buddha realm.

g.270

Crest

ཏོག

A buddha realm.

g.271

Crest King

tog gi rgyal po

ཏོག་གི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

A buddha.

g.272

Crest of Royal Sal Trees

sA la’i dbang po’i tog

སཱ་ལའི་དབང་པོའི་ཏོག

A great bodhisattva.

g.273

Crest of Tossed Flowers

me tog rab tu gtor ba’i tog

མེ་ཏོག་རབ་ཏུ་གཏོར་བའི་ཏོག

A buddha.

g.274

Crest of Twofold Characteristics

mtshan nyid gnyis pa’i tog

མཚན་ཉིད་གཉིས་པའི་ཏོག

A buddha.

g.275

Crushing Subduer

gzhom thul

གཞོམ་ཐུལ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.276

Datta

sbyin

སྦྱིན།

Datta

A great bodhisattva.

g.277

Dawn

skya reng

སྐྱ་རེང་།

A buddha realm.

g.278

Definite Armor of Seeing Eyes

spyan ras gzigs nges pa’i go cha

སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས་ངེས་པའི་གོ་ཆ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.279

Definite Armor of Turning the Irreversible Dharma Wheel Immediately upon Rousing the Mind

sems bskyed ma thag tu phyir mi ldog pa’i ’khor lo bskor ba

སེམས་བསྐྱེད་མ་ཐག་ཏུ་ཕྱིར་མི་ལྡོག་པའི་འཁོར་ལོ་བསྐོར་བ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.280

Definitive Guidance

nges ’dren

ངེས་འདྲེན།

A buddha realm.

g.281

Definitive Guide

nges ’dren

ངེས་འདྲེན།

A great bodhisattva.

g.282

Delighting in Emanations

’phrul dga’

འཕྲུལ་དགའ།

Nirmāṇarataya

A god realm.

g.283

Demigod

lha ma yin

ལྷ་མ་ཡིན།

asura

The traditional adversaries of the devas (gods) who are frequently portrayed in brahmanical mythology as having a disruptive effect on cosmological and social harmony.

g.284

Demolished Mountain

phung po shin tu bshig pa

ཕུང་པོ་ཤིན་ཏུ་བཤིག་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.285

Deśi

phyogs can

ཕྱོགས་ཅན།

Deśi

A buddha realm.

g.286

Destroyer of All Fear and Anxiety

’jigs pa dang bag tsha ba thams cad rnam par ’jig par mdzad pa

འཇིགས་པ་དང་བག་ཚ་བ་ཐམས་ཅད་རྣམ་པར་འཇིག་པར་མཛད་པ།

A buddha.

g.287

Devoid of Any Suffering and Harm

mya ngan dang gnod pa thams cad yongs su spangs

མྱ་ངན་དང་གནོད་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཡོངས་སུ་སྤངས།

A buddha realm.

g.288

Dharaṇidhara

sa ’dzin

ས་འཛིན།

Dharaṇidhara

A great bodhisattva.

g.289

Dharaṇīṃdhara

sa ’dzin

ས་འཛིན།

Dharaṇīṃdhara

A great bodhisattva.

g.290

Dharma

chos

ཆོས།

Dharma

A great bodhisattva.

g.291

Dharma

chos

ཆོས།

Dharma

A buddha realm.

g.292

Dharma

chos

ཆོས།

Dharma

King Vīradatta’s palace.

g.293

Dharmabhadra

chos bzangs

ཆོས་བཟངས།

Dharmabhadra

King Vīradatta’s garden.

g.294

Dharmabhadra

chos bzangs

ཆོས་བཟངས།

Dharmabhadra

A buddha realm.

g.295

Dharmadeva

chos lha

ཆོས་ལྷ།

Dharmadeva

A great bodhisattva.

g.296

Dharmadhvaja

chos kyi rgyal mtshan

ཆོས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

Dharmadhvaja

A buddha realm.

g.297

Dharmadīpa

chos kyi sgron ma

ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྒྲོན་མ།

Dharmadīpa

A great bodhisattva.

g.298

Dharmākara

chos kyi ’byung gnas

ཆོས་ཀྱི་འབྱུང་གནས།

Dharmākara

A great bodhisattva.

g.299

Dharmākara

chos kyi ’byung gnas

ཆོས་ཀྱི་འབྱུང་གནས།

Dharmākara

A buddha.

g.300

Dharmaparyeṣaṇakāma

chos yongs su tshol ’dod pa

ཆོས་ཡོངས་སུ་ཚོལ་འདོད་པ།

Dharmaparyeṣaṇakāma

A bodhisattva.

g.301

Dharmeśvara

chos kyi dbang phyug

ཆོས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག

A great bodhisattva.

g.302

Dharmodgata

chos ’phags

ཆོས་འཕགས།

Dharmodgata

A great bodhisattva.

g.303

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

yul ’khor skyong

ཡུལ་འཁོར་སྐྱོང་།

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

One of the Buddha’s foremost disciples.

g.304

Dhṛtisena

brtan pa’i sde

བརྟན་པའི་སྡེ།

Dhṛtisena

A great bodhisattva and householder.

g.305

Dhṛtivati

brtan ldan

བརྟན་ལྡན།

Dhṛtivati

A town.

g.306

Dīpa

mar me

མར་མེ།

Dīpa

A buddha realm.

g.307

Dīpaṃkara

mar me mdzad

མར་མེ་མཛད།

Dīpaṃkara

A buddha.

g.308

Dīpaṃkara

mar me mdzad

མར་མེ་མཛད།

Dīpaṃkara

A buddha realm.

g.309

Direction

phyogs

ཕྱོགས།

A buddha realm.

g.310

Disengaged from All Phenomena

chos thams cad dben par gnas pa

ཆོས་ཐམས་ཅད་དབེན་པར་གནས་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.311

Dispeller of All Suffering

mya ngan thams cad sel mdzad

མྱ་ངན་ཐམས་ཅད་སེལ་མཛད།

A buddha.

g.312

Dispeller of Sadness

skyo med ’gyur bar mdzad

སྐྱོ་མེད་འགྱུར་བར་མཛད།

A buddha.

g.313

Display of Incense

spos brtsegs

སྤོས་བརྩེགས།

A buddha realm.

g.314

Divākara

nyin mdzad

ཉིན་མཛད།

Divākara

A buddha.

g.315

Diverse Force

sna tshogs sde

སྣ་ཚོགས་སྡེ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.316

Diverse Regent

rgyal tshab sna tshogs

རྒྱལ་ཚབ་སྣ་ཚོགས།

A buddha realm.

g.317

Diversity

sna tshogs

སྣ་ཚོགས།

A buddha realm.

g.318

Divine Friend

bshes gnyen lha

བཤེས་གཉེན་ལྷ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.319

Draped with Golden Nets

gser gyi dra bas kun du khebs pa

གསེར་གྱི་དྲ་བས་ཀུན་དུ་ཁེབས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.320

Draped with Jewel Nets

rin chen dra bas khebs

རིན་ཆེན་དྲ་བས་ཁེབས།

A buddha realm.

g.321

Draped with Lotus Nets

pad ma’i dra bas kun du khebs

པད་མའི་དྲ་བས་ཀུན་དུ་ཁེབས།

A buddha realm.

g.322

Draped with Nets of Gold

ser gyi dra bas kun tu khebs

སེར་གྱི་དྲ་བས་ཀུན་ཏུ་ཁེབས།

A buddha realm.

g.323

Dṛḍha

brtan po

བརྟན་པོ།

Dṛḍha

A buddha realm.

g.324

Dṛḍhamati

brtan pa’i blo gros

བརྟན་པའི་བློ་གྲོས།

Dṛḍhamati

A great bodhisattva and interlocutor in several long passages of this sūtra. Also called as Dṛḍhamatikumārabhūta. Dṛḍhamati is the main interlocutor in the Śūraṃgamasamādhisūtra, Toh 132.

g.325

Dṛḍhamatikumārabhūta

brtan pa’i blo gros gzhon nur gyur ba

བརྟན་པའི་བློ་གྲོས་གཞོན་ནུར་གྱུར་བ།

Dṛḍhamatikumārabhūta

Another name for the great bodhisattva Dṛḍhamati.

g.326

Ear Flower

rna ba’i me tog

རྣ་བའི་མེ་ཏོག

A great bodhisattva.

g.327

Elapatra

e la’i ’dab

ཨེ་ལའི་འདབ།

Elapatra

A nāga king.

g.328

Elder

gnas brtan

གནས་བརྟན།

sthavira

A senior monk.

g.329

Elephant of Infinity

mtha’ yas glang po che

མཐའ་ཡས་གླང་པོ་ཆེ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.330

Endowed with Brahmā

tshangs ldan

ཚངས་ལྡན།

A buddha realm.

g.331

Endowed with Campakas

tsam pa ka dang ldan

ཙམ་པ་ཀ་དང་ལྡན།

A buddha realm.

g.332

Endowed with Gold

gser can

གསེར་ཅན།

A buddha realm.

g.333

Endowed with Incense

spos can

སྤོས་ཅན།

A buddha realm.

g.334

Endowed with Jewels

rin chen ldan

རིན་ཆེན་ལྡན།

A buddha realm.

g.335

Endowed with Lakes

mtsho can

མཚོ་ཅན།

A buddha realm.

g.336

Endowed with Qualities

yon tan ldan

ཡོན་ཏན་ལྡན།

A great bodhisattva.

g.337

Endowed with Qualities

yon tan can

ཡོན་ཏན་ཅན།

A buddha realm.

g.338

Enduring

mi mjed pa

མི་མཇེད་པ།

Sahaloka

The buddha realm of Sārathi.

g.339

Enduring

mi mjed pa

མི་མཇེད་པ།

Sahaloka

The buddha realm of the Buddha Śākyamuni.

g.340

Engagement without Difference

tha mi dad par yang dag zhugs

ཐ་མི་དད་པར་ཡང་དག་ཞུགས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.341

Equal

mnyam pa

མཉམ་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.342

Equipoise

snyoms ’jug

སྙོམས་འཇུག

samāpatti

A state of mental equilibrium derived from deep concentration.

g.343

Essence of Bliss

sde ba’i snying po

སྡེ་བའི་སྙིང་པོ།

A buddha realm.

g.344

Essence of Sentient Beings

sems can gyi snying po

སེམས་ཅན་གྱི་སྙིང་པོ།

A buddha.

g.345

Essential

snying po can

སྙིང་པོ་ཅན།

A buddha realm.

g.346

Ever-Present Roar

kun du bltas pa’i nga ro

ཀུན་དུ་བལྟས་པའི་ང་རོ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.347

Excellent Armor

go cha bzang po

གོ་ཆ་བཟང་པོ།

A buddha.

g.348

Excellent Auspiciousness

bkra shis bzang po

བཀྲ་ཤིས་བཟང་པོ།

A buddha realm.

g.349

Excellent Chariot

shing rta bzang po

ཤིང་རྟ་བཟང་པོ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.350

Excellent Crest

tog bzang po

ཏོག་བཟང་པོ།

A buddha realm.

g.351

Excellent Eye

spyan bzangs

སྤྱན་བཟངས།

A buddha.

g.352

Excellent Eye

mig bzangs

མིག་བཟངས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.353

Excellent Flower

me tog bzang

མེ་ཏོག་བཟང་།

A great bodhisattva.

g.354

Excellent Guidance

rab ’dren

རབ་འདྲེན།

A buddha realm.

g.355

Excellent Joy

dga’ ba bzang po

དགའ་བ་བཟང་པོ།

A buddha realm.

g.356

Excellent Mind

legs pa’i blo

ལེགས་པའི་བློ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.357

Excellent Pinnacle

shing thag bzang po

ཤིང་ཐག་བཟང་པོ།

A buddha realm.

g.358

Excellent Victor

bzang po rgyal

བཟང་པོ་རྒྱལ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.359

Excellent Vision

shin tu mthong ba

ཤིན་ཏུ་མཐོང་བ།

Sudarśana

One of the pure abodes within the form realm.

g.360

Extremely Trained

shin tu rnam par bsgoms pa

ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣམ་པར་བསྒོམས་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.361

Eye

མིག

A great bodhisattva.

g.362

Eye That Is Perfectly Pure

mig rnam par dag pa

མིག་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.363

Facing Flowers

me tog kun tu bltas

མེ་ཏོག་ཀུན་ཏུ་བལྟས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.364

Factors of awakening

byang chub kyi phyogs kyi chos

བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་ཕྱོགས་ཀྱི་ཆོས།

bodhipakṣyadharma

Thirty-seven practices that lead the practitioner to the awakened state: the four applications of mindfulness, the four authentic eliminations, the four bases of supernatural power, the five masteries, the five powers, the eightfold path, and the seven branches of awakening.

g.365

Famed for the Power of Wisdom

ye shes kyi stobs kyis rnam par bsgrags

ཡེ་ཤེས་ཀྱི་སྟོབས་ཀྱིས་རྣམ་པར་བསྒྲགས།

A buddha.

g.366

Famed Friend

gshes gnyen grags ldan

གཤེས་གཉེན་གྲགས་ལྡན།

A great bodhisattva.

g.367

Fathomless Flower

dpag med me tog

དཔག་མེད་མེ་ཏོག

A buddha.

g.368

Fire Holder

me ’dzin

མེ་འཛིན།

A great bodhisattva.

g.369

Firm King of Infinite Qualities

yon tan mtha’ yas rgyal po rab gnas

ཡོན་ཏན་མཐའ་ཡས་རྒྱལ་པོ་རབ་གནས།

A buddha.

g.370

Firm Strength

stobs brtan

སྟོབས་བརྟན།

A great bodhisattva.

g.371

Five masteries

dbang po lnga

དབང་པོ་ལྔ།

pañcendriya

Faith, diligence, mindfulness, absorption, and insight as they manifest on the first two stages of the path of joining.

g.372

Five powers

stobs lnga

སྟོབས་ལྔ།

pañcabala

Faith, diligence, mindfulness, absorption, and insight as they manifest on the last two stages of the path of joining. See also “ten powers.”

g.373

Five superknowledges

mngon par shes pa lnga

མངོན་པར་ཤེས་པ་ལྔ།

pañcābhijñā

Divine sight, knowledge of the minds of others, remembrance of past lives, the ability to perform miracles, and the ability to destroy all mental defilements.

g.374

Flaming One

rab tu ’bar ba

རབ་ཏུ་འབར་བ།

A buddha.

g.375

Flower

me tog

མེ་ཏོག

A great bodhisattva.

g.376

Flower

me tog

མེ་ཏོག

A buddha realm.

g.377

Flower Bouquet

me tog sna tshogs

མེ་ཏོག་སྣ་ཚོགས།

A buddha.

g.378

Flower King

me tog rgyal po

མེ་ཏོག་རྒྱལ་པོ།

A buddha.

g.379

Flower King

me tog rgyal po

མེ་ཏོག་རྒྱལ་པོ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.380

Flower Mansion

me tog khang pa

མེ་ཏོག་ཁང་པ།

A buddha.

g.381

Flower of Accomplishing Avalokiteśvara’s Mind

spyan ras gzigs kyi blo sgrub me tog

སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས་ཀྱི་བློ་སྒྲུབ་མེ་ཏོག

A buddha.

g.382

Flower of the Lotus Leader

pad ma’i khyu mchog me tog

པད་མའི་ཁྱུ་མཆོག་མེ་ཏོག

A buddha.

g.383

Flower Parasol

me tog gdugs

མེ་ཏོག་གདུགས།

A buddha.

g.384

Flower Parasol Garland

me tog gdugs kyi phreng ba

མེ་ཏོག་གདུགས་ཀྱི་ཕྲེང་བ།

A buddha.

g.385

Force of Benevolence

bzang po’i sde

བཟང་པོའི་སྡེ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.386

Force of Joy

dga’ ba’i sde

དགའ་བའི་སྡེ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.387

Forest dweller

dgon pa pa

དགོན་པ་པ།

āraṇyaka

A hermit monk.

g.388

Four fearlessnesses

mi ’jigs pa bzhi

མི་འཇིགས་པ་བཞི།

caturabhaya

Fearlessness in declaring that one has (1) awakened, (2) ceased all illusions, (3) taught the obstacles to awakening, and (4) shown the way to liberation.

g.389

Four great kings

rgyal po chen po bzhi

རྒྱལ་པོ་ཆེན་པོ་བཞི།

caturmahārāja

The guardian kings of the four quarters who rule, respectively, over yakṣas, kumbhāṇḍas, gandharvas, and nāgas

g.390

Fragrant

dri zhim

དྲི་ཞིམ།

A buddha realm.

g.391

Fragrant Flower

me tog dri zhim

མེ་ཏོག་དྲི་ཞིམ།

A buddha realm.

g.392

Free from Disease

nad yan

ནད་ཡན།

A great bodhisattva.

g.393

Free from Dispute and Anxiety

rtsod pa dang bag tsha ba mi mnga’ ba

རྩོད་པ་དང་བག་ཚ་བ་མི་མངའ་བ།

A buddha.

g.394

Free from Harm

gnod pa med pa

གནོད་པ་མེད་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.395

Free from Strife

’thab bral

འཐབ་བྲལ།

Yāmā

A god realm.

g.396

Free of All Suffering

mya ngan thams cad dang bral ba

མྱ་ངན་ཐམས་ཅད་དང་བྲལ་བ།

A buddha realm.

g.397

Friend of All

thams cad bshes gnyen

ཐམས་ཅད་བཤེས་གཉེན།

A great bodhisattva.

g.398

Fulfilment of Excellent Aspirations

legs par bsams pa’i smon lam yongs su grub pa

ལེགས་པར་བསམས་པའི་སྨོན་ལམ་ཡོངས་སུ་གྲུབ་པ།

A buddha.

g.399

Fumes of Incense

spos kyi ngad ldang

སྤོས་ཀྱི་ངད་ལྡང་།

A buddha realm.

g.400

Gambhīrapratibhāna

spobs pa zab pa

སྤོབས་པ་ཟབ་པ།

Gambhīrapratibhāna

A great bodhisattva.

g.401

Gandhahastī

spos kyi glang po che

སྤོས་ཀྱི་གླང་པོ་ཆེ།

Gandhahastī

A great bodhisattva.

g.402

Gandhahastī

spos kyi glang po che

སྤོས་ཀྱི་གླང་པོ་ཆེ།

Gandhahastī

A buddha.

g.403

Gandhakūṭa

spos rtsegs

སྤོས་རྩེགས།

Gandhakūṭa

A buddha.

g.404

Gandhapāṇi

lag na spos

ལག་ན་སྤོས།

Gandhapāṇi

A great bodhisattva.

g.405

Gandhaprabhāsa

spos kyi ’od

སྤོས་ཀྱི་འོད།

Gandhaprabhāsa

A buddha realm.

g.406

Gandharva

dri za

དྲི་ཟ།

gandharva

Lower class of divine beings, under the control of the guardian king of the east. Capable of flight, they are often described as “celestial musicians.”

g.407

Gandhaśrī

spos dpal

སྤོས་དཔལ།

Gandhaśrī

A great bodhisattva.

g.408

Gandhaśrī

spos dpal

སྤོས་དཔལ།

Gandhaśrī

A buddha realm.

g.409

Gandhavati

spos ldan

སྤོས་ལྡན།

Gandhavati

A buddha.

g.410

Gandhavati

spos ldan

སྤོས་ལྡན།

Gandhavati

A buddha realm.

g.411

Garbhagaṇa

snying po’i tshogs

སྙིང་པོའི་ཚོགས།

Garbhagaṇa

A buddha.

g.412

Garuḍa

nam mkha’ lding

ནམ་མཁའ་ལྡིང་།

garuḍa

A class of divine creatures with the bodies of giant birds.

g.413

Gautama

gau ta ma

གཽ་ཏ་མ།

Gautama

A nāga king.

g.414

Gautama

gau ta ma

གཽ་ཏ་མ།

Gautama

The Buddha Śākyamuni.

g.415

Gavampati

ba lang gi bdag po

བ་ལང་གི་བདག་པོ།

Gavampati

A great bodhisattva.

g.416

Ghoṣa

snyan pa

སྙན་པ།

Ghoṣa

A buddha.

g.417

Ghoṣadatta

dbyangs kyis byin

དབྱངས་ཀྱིས་བྱིན།

Ghoṣadatta

A great bodhisattva.

g.418

Glorious Courage

dpa’ ba’i dpal

དཔའ་བའི་དཔལ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.419

Glorious Flower

me tog dpal

མེ་ཏོག་དཔལ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.420

Glorious Freedom from Suffering

mya ngan med pa’i dpal

མྱ་ངན་མེད་པའི་དཔལ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.421

Glorious Guidance

’dren pa’i dpal

འདྲེན་པའི་དཔལ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.422

Glorious Hidden Wisdom

ye shes sbas pa’i dpal

ཡེ་ཤེས་སྦས་པའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.423

Glorious King of the Arising of All Good Qualities

yon tan thams cad ’byung ba’i dpal gyi rgyal po

ཡོན་ཏན་ཐམས་ཅད་འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ་གྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ།

A buddha.

g.424

Glorious Light

snang ba’i dpal

སྣང་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.425

Glorious Light of Qualities

yon tan dpal snang

ཡོན་ཏན་དཔལ་སྣང་།

A great bodhisattva.

g.426

Glorious Light of the Path

lam snang dpal

ལམ་སྣང་དཔལ།

A buddha realm.

g.427

Glorious Noble Lotus

pad ma mngon par ’phags pa’i dpal

པད་མ་མངོན་པར་འཕགས་པའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.428

Glorious Noble Lotus

pad ma mngon par ’phags pa’i dpal

པད་མ་མངོན་པར་འཕགས་པའི་དཔལ།

A bodhisattva.

g.429

Glorious Noble Wisdom

ye shes ’phags pa’i dpal

ཡེ་ཤེས་འཕགས་པའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.430

Glorious Power

mthu dpal

མཐུ་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.431

Glorious Power

mthu dpal

མཐུ་དཔལ།

A buddha realm.

g.432

Glorious Source

’byung ba’i dpal

འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.433

Glorious Source

’byung ba’i dpal

འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.434

Glorious Source

’byung ba’i dpal

འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha realm.

g.435

Glorious Source of Activity with Infinite Qualities

yon tan mtha’ yas spyod pa ’byung ba’i dpal

ཡོན་ཏན་མཐའ་ཡས་སྤྱོད་པ་འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.436

Glorious Source of Jewels

rin chen ’byung ba’i dpal

རིན་ཆེན་འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.437

Glorious Source of Joy

dga’ ba ’byung ba’i dpal

དགའ་བ་འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.438

Glorious Source of Lotuses

pad ma ’byung ba’i dpal

པད་མ་འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.439

Glorious Source of Nectar

bdud rtsi ’byung ba’i dpal

བདུད་རྩི་འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.440

Glorious Source of the Spreading of Lotus Flowers

pad ma rab gtor ’byung ba’i dpal

པད་མ་རབ་གཏོར་འབྱུང་བའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.441

Glorious Splendor of the Light of Noble Wisdom

ye shes ’phags pa’i ’od kyi gzi brjid dpal

ཡེ་ཤེས་འཕགས་པའི་འོད་ཀྱི་གཟི་བརྗིད་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.442

Glory of All

kun gyi dpal

ཀུན་གྱི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.443

Glory of Beauty

mdzes pa’i dpal

མཛེས་པའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.444

Glory of Great Beauty

mdzes pa chen po’i dpal

མཛེས་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.445

Glory of the Highest Excellence

bzang po’i mchog gi dpal

བཟང་པོའི་མཆོག་གི་དཔལ།

A buddha realm.

g.446

Glory of the Two Marks

mtshan nyid gnyis pa’i dpal

མཚན་ཉིད་གཉིས་པའི་དཔལ།

A buddha.

g.447

Go forth

rab tu ’byung ba

རབ་ཏུ་འབྱུང་བ།

pravrajati
pravrajyā

To leave the life of a householder and embrace the life of a renunciant, by taking vows as a novice, monk, or nun at the vinaya or pratimokṣa level of Buddhist practice.

g.448

Gold

སེར།

A buddha realm.

g.449

Golden Flower

ser gyi me tog

སེར་གྱི་མེ་ཏོག

A buddha.

g.450

Golden Parasol

ser gdugs

སེར་གདུགས།

A great bodhisattva.

g.451

Gone Fearlessly

mi ’jigs par gshegs pa

མི་འཇིགས་པར་གཤེགས་པ།

A buddha.

g.452

Granted by Gentleness

rtul bas byin

རྟུལ་བས་བྱིན།

A buddha.

g.453

Granted by the Crown

sbyi bos byin

སྦྱི་བོས་བྱིན།

A buddha.

g.454

Great Accumulation

tshogs chen

ཚོགས་ཆེན།

A buddha realm.

g.455

Great Eye

mig po che

མིག་པོ་ཆེ།

A bodhisattva.

g.456

Great Eye

spyan chen po

སྤྱན་ཆེན་པོ།

A buddha.

g.457

Great Gathering

tshogs chen

ཚོགས་ཆེན།

A great bodhisattva.

g.458

Great Light

’od chen po

འོད་ཆེན་པོ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.459

Great Light

snang ba chen po

སྣང་བ་ཆེན་པོ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.460

Great Mountain

lhun po chen po

ལྷུན་པོ་ཆེན་པོ།

A buddha.

g.461

Great Radiance

’od zer rab tu btang ba

འོད་ཟེར་རབ་ཏུ་བཏང་བ།

A buddha.

g.462

Great trichiliocosm

stong gsum gyi stong chen po

སྟོང་གསུམ་གྱི་སྟོང་ཆེན་པོ།

trisāhasramahāsāhasralokadhātu

The largest universe spoken of in Buddhist cosmology, consisting of one billion smaller world systems.

g.463

Growing Friend

bshes gnyen ’phel

བཤེས་གཉེན་འཕེལ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.464

Guhagupta

phug sbas

ཕུག་སྦས།

Guhagupta

A great bodhisattva.

g.465

Guiding Banner

’dren pa’i rgyal mtshan

འདྲེན་པའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

A buddha realm.

g.466

Guiding Victory Banner

’dren pa’i rgyal mtshan

འདྲེན་པའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན།

A great bodhisattva.

g.467

Guṇadatta

yon tan byin

ཡོན་ཏན་བྱིན།

Guṇadatta

A buddha.

g.468

Guṇagupta

yon tan sbas pa

ཡོན་ཏན་སྦས་པ།

Guṇagupta

A buddha.

g.469

Guṇākara

yon tan ’byung gnas

ཡོན་ཏན་འབྱུང་གནས།

Guṇākara

A buddha.

g.470

Guṇākara

yon tan ’byung gnas

ཡོན་ཏན་འབྱུང་གནས།

Guṇākara

A buddha realm.

g.471

Guṇapāramitā

yon tan gyi pha rol tu phyin pa

ཡོན་ཏན་གྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ།

Guṇapāramitā

A buddha.

g.472

Guṇaprabha

yon tan ’od

ཡོན་ཏན་འོད།

Guṇaprabha

A buddha.

g.473

Guṇarājaprabha

yon tan rgyal po’i ’od
yon tan rgyal po

ཡོན་ཏན་རྒྱལ་པོའི་འོད།
ཡོན་ཏན་རྒྱལ་པོ།

Guṇarājaprabha
Guṇarāja

A buddha.

g.474

Guṇarājaprabha

yon tan rgyal po’i ’od

ཡོན་ཏན་རྒྱལ་པོའི་འོད།

Guṇarājaprabha

A great bodhisattva.

g.475

Harikeśa

ser skya ljang ku skra

སེར་སྐྱ་ལྗང་ཀུ་སྐྲ།

Lit. “The One with Yellow-Green Hair.”

g.476

Harmony with a Thousand Buddha Realms

sangs rgyas kyi zhing stong gi rjes su ’thun pa

སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་ཞིང་སྟོང་གི་རྗེས་སུ་འཐུན་པ།

A buddha realm.

g.477

Hastaka

lag pa can

ལག་པ་ཅན།

Hastaka

A great bodhisattva.

g.478

He Who Resounds Throughout the Quarters

phyogs rab sgrogs

ཕྱོགས་རབ་སྒྲོགས།

A buddha.

g.479

He Whose Body Hairs Never Rise in Fear

spu zing zhes byed pa’i ’jigs bral

སྤུ་ཟིང་ཞེས་བྱེད་པའི་འཇིགས་བྲལ།

A buddha.

g.480

Heap of Flowers

me tog brtsegs

མེ་ཏོག་བརྩེགས།

A buddha.

g.481

Heap of Jewels

rin po che’i phung po

རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་ཕུང་པོ།

A buddha.

g.482

Heap of Jewels

rin po che phung po

རིན་པོ་ཆེ་ཕུང་པོ།

A buddha realm.

g.483

Hearer

nyan thos

ཉན་ཐོས།

śrāvaka

Primarily referring to those disciples of the Buddha who aspire to attain the state of an arhat by seeking self liberation. It is usually defined as “those who hear the teaching from the Buddha and make it heard by others.”

g.484

Heat

tsa ba

ཙ་བ།

Tapana

One of the eight hot hells.

g.485

Heaven of the Thirty-Three

sum cu rtsa gsum

སུམ་ཅུ་རྩ་གསུམ།

Trāyastriṃśa

A heaven within the upper reaches of the desire realm.

g.486

Hereditary Offspring

rim pa’i sras

རིམ་པའི་སྲས།

A buddha.

g.487

Hereditary Son

rim pa’i bu

རིམ་པའི་བུ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.488

Hero

dpa’ bo

དཔའ་བོ།

Hero

A great bodhisattva.

g.489

Higher realms

mtho ris

མཐོ་རིས།

svarga

The states of gods, demigods, and humans.

g.490

Highest Intelligence

rab kyi blo gros

རབ་ཀྱི་བློ་གྲོས།

A buddha.

g.491

Highest Mountain

lhun po gong na med pa

ལྷུན་པོ་གོང་ན་མེད་པ།

A buddha.

g.492

Highest Wisdom

ye shes bla ma

ཡེ་ཤེས་བླ་མ།

A great bodhisattva.

g.493

Himavān

gangs ri

གངས་རི།

Himavān

A mountain.

g.494

Hitakāma

phan ’dod

ཕན་འདོད།

Hitakāma

A great bodhisattva.

g.495

Holder of Shooting Stars

skar mda’ ’dzin

སྐར་མདའ་འཛིན།

A buddha.

དགེ་བའི་རྩ་བ་ཡོངས་སུ་འཛིན་པ།

Upholding the Roots of Virtue

Kuśala­mūla­saṃparigraha

འཕགས་པ་དགེ་བའི་རྩ་བ་ཡོངས་སུ་འཛིན་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་མདོ།

’phags pa dge ba’i rtsa ba yongs su ’dzin pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po’i mdo

The Noble Great Vehicle Sūtra “Upholding the Roots of Virtue”

Ārya­kuśala­mūla­samparigraha­nāma­mahāyāna­sūtra

Toh 101

Summary

Acknowledgements

Colophon

Notes

Bibliography

Glossary

Ābhāsvara

1 passage contains this term

Abhava

1 passage contains this term

Abhaya

5 passages contain this term

Abhaya

4 passages contain this term

Abhaya

2 passages contain this term

Abhayapradā

1 passage contains this term

Abhidharma

4 passages contain this term

Abhirati

7 passages contain this term

Abidance through Infinite Observations

1 passage contains this term

Abiding Wisdom

1 passage contains this term

Able Intelligence

1 passage contains this term

Abode of the Powerful One

1 passage contains this term

Above All

1 passage contains this term

Absence of Objective Perception

1 passage contains this term

Absence of Trepidation

1 passage contains this term

Absorption

83 passages contain this term

Abundant Colors

1 passage contains this term

Abundant Marks

1 passage contains this term

Acala­pada­vikrāmin

1 passage contains this term

Accomplisher of All Happiness

1 passage contains this term

Accumulated Wisdom

1 passage contains this term

Acintyaśrī

1 passage contains this term

Acintyaśrī

1 passage contains this term

Action Beyond Differences

1 passage contains this term

Actualizing the Branches of Awakening

1 passage contains this term

Acumen That Does Not Leave Out Any Being throughout All Buddhafields

1 passage contains this term

Acyuta

1 passage contains this term

Adorned

1 passage contains this term

Adorned by Gods

1 passage contains this term

Adorned with All Good Qualities

1 passage contains this term

Adorned with All Qualities

1 passage contains this term

Adorned with Incense

1 passage contains this term

Aggregate

14 passages contain this term

Kuśalamūlasaṃparigraha

Āryakuśalamūlasamparigrahanāmamahāyānasūtra

Acalapadavikrāmin