This webpage does not include the entire published text

The full translation is available to download as pdf at:
https://read.84000.co/data/toh431_84000-the-tantra-of-candamaharosana.pdf

ཁྲོ་བོ་ཆེན་པོའི་རྒྱུད།

The Tantra of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa

Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram

དཔལ་གཏུམ་པོ་ཁྲོ་བོ་ཆེན་པོའི་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ་དཔའ་བོ་གཅིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ།

dpal gtum po khro bo chen po’i rgyud kyi rgyal po dpa’ bo gcig pa zhes bya ba

The Glorious Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa Tantra “The Sole Hero”

Ekallavīrākhyaśrīcaṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram

Toh 431

Degé Kangyur, vol. 80 (rgyud ’bum, nga), folios 304.b–343.a.

Translated by the Dharmachakra Translation Committee
under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha

First published 2016
Current version v 2.28.6 (2021)
Generated by 84000 Reading Room v2.1.37

84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha is a global non-profit initiative to translate all the Buddha’s words into modern languages, and to make them available to everyone.

Warning: Readers are reminded that according to Vajrayāna Buddhist tradition there are restrictions and commitments concerning tantra. Practitioners who are not sure if they should read this translation are advised to consult the authorities of their lineage. The responsibility for reading this text or sharing it with others who may or may not fulfill the requirements lies in the hands of readers.

This work is provided under the protection of a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution - Non-commercial - No-derivatives) 3.0 copyright. attribution, and not for commercial advantage or personal compensation. For full details, see the Creative Commons license.

co.

Summary

s.1

Written around the tenth or the eleventh century ᴄᴇ, in the late Mantrayāna period, The Tantra of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa represents the flowering of the Yoginītantra genre. The tantra offers instructions on how to attain the wisdom state of Buddha Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa through the practice of the four joys. The tantra covers a range of practices and philosophical perspectives of late tantric Buddhism, including the development stage, the completion stage, the use of mantras, and a number of magical rites and rituals. The text is quite unique with its tribute to and apotheosis of women and, in this regard, probably has few parallels anywhere else in world literature. It is written in the spirit of great sincerity and devotion, and it is this very spirit that mitigates, and at the same time empowers, the text’s stark imagery and sometimes shocking practices. This text certainly calls for an open mind.

ac.

Acknowledgments

ac.1

This translation was produced by Dharmachakra Translation Committee under the supervision of Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche. Wiesiek Mical translated the text from the Sanskrit manuscripts, prepared the Sanskrit edition, and wrote the introduction. The translation was then compared against the Tibetan translation found in the Degé Kangyur by James Gentry, and edited by Andreas Doctor.

The Dharmachakra Translation Committee is also indebted to Professor Harunaga Isaacson and Dr. Péter Szántó for their help in obtaining facsimiles of some of the manuscripts, and to Professor Isaacson for making available some of his personal materials.

This translation has been completed under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha.

Introduction

i.1

Like most Buddhist tantras, the Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantra (CMT) is regarded within the Vajrayāna tradition as a divinely revealed text, with its teachings delivered directly from the level of the saṃbhogakāya, that is, the bliss body of Lord Buddha. In such tantras, the saṃbhogakāya deity who delivers the original discourse varies—it could be Avalokiteśvara, Vajrapāṇi, or others. In this case, it is Lord Vajrasattva. The teaching itself takes the form of a dialogue between Vajrasattva and his consort. Lord Vajrasattva here assumes the identity of the deity Acala (Immovable One), which is another name for the deity of the title, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa (Fierce Great Angry One). His consort is Vajradhātvīśvarī (Goddess of the Vajra Realm).

The Translation

The Tantra of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa

Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1

[F.304.b] Oṁ, homage to Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa!

Thus have I heard at one time. Lord Vajrasattva dwelt within the bhaga of the goddess of the Vajra Realm, which is the essence of body, speech, and mind of all tathāgatas. He dwelt there together with many hosts of vajra yogins and yoginīs, namely: White Acala vajra yogin, Yellow Acala vajra yogin, Red Acala vajra yogin, Green Acala vajra yogin, Delusion Vajrī vajra yoginī, Calumny Vajrī vajra yoginī, Passion Vajrī vajra yoginī, and Envy Vajrī vajra yoginī. He dwelt there with trillions of yogins and yoginīs, headed by those just mentioned.

Chapter 2

The Maṇḍala

2.1

Then the blessed Hatred Vajrī tightly embraced Lord Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa and said:

“What is the size of the maṇḍala,

And with what materials should it be drawn?

And also, what is to be written in its center?

Tell me, O lord!”

2.2

The lord then said:

“The size of the maṇḍala

Should be one cubit, two cubits,

Three cubits, four or five—

But not more than five cubits in measure.

Chapter 3

Empowerment

3.1

Then the goddess said:

“How should the student be prepared,

And how should he be engaged in this tantra?

How are his doubts resolved?

Please explain this, O great lord!”

3.2

The lord then said:

“First one should give him the triple refuge,

The five disciplines, and the fast.

Then the five empowerments,

The secret empowerment, and lastly the wisdom-consort empowerment.

Chapter 4

Deity

4.1

Then the goddess said:

“How should he meditate,

The meditator on Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa?

What mantra should he recite?

Please tell me, O great lord!”

4.2

The lord then said:

“In a place pleasing to the mind

And free from all distractions,

One whose mind is in equipoise

Should prepare a pleasant seat.

Chapter 5

Mantra

5.1

“Now I will teach the complete collection of mantras.” So saying, the lord entered the absorption called Victory over All Māras, and presented the collection of mantras.

“The root mantra: Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, hūṁ phaṭ!36

The second root mantra: Oṁ, Acala, hūṁ phaṭ!37

The third root mantra: Oṁ hūṁ phaṭ!

The heart mantra: Hūṁ

The second heart mantra: Āṁ

The third heart mantra: Haṁ.

Chapter 6

Completion Stage

6.1

Then the goddess Prajñāpāramitā embraced the lord tightly, rubbing her lotus against his vajra, and said:

“How should one meditate

According to the practice of the completion stage?

Please elaborate on this question

For the good of the yoginīs.”

6.2

The lord then said:

“Immersed in the practice of the completion stage

And wholly devoted to his practice, a yogin

Should visualize my form,

With one-pointed mind, day and night.

Chapter 7

Revitalizing the Body

7.1

Then the goddess said:

“The fatigue of any person practicing

Sexual intercourse would be great.

Please deign to explain, O lord,

For everybody’s sake, how to remove this fatigue.”

7.2

The lord said:

“When one has noticed, with one’s own senses,

That the pleasure given by the woman has died out,

One should eat fish and meat,

And drink wine, being focused.

Chapter 8

Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa’s Nature

8.1

Then the lord made full prostrations to the goddess and said: [F.316.a]

“How should a yogin

Perceive your form, dear?

And by what means should the goddess

Be honored by the yogins?”

8.2

The goddess then said:

“Whenever a female form is seen

In the world of the three abodes,

It should be regarded as my form,

Be it of low or respectable family.

Chapter 9

Meditation

9.1

Then the goddess said, “How, O lord, should the wisdom and the means, the woman and the man, cultivate their identification with the deities?”

The lord said:

“A yogin should place the woman in front

And look deeply in her eyes.

He should make his body straight

And meditate with one-pointed mind.

9.2

“Because of the nature of the four bodies,

There is no separation, not even in the slightest.

However, without understanding,

A distinction is perceived between wisdom and means.

10.

Chapter 10

In Praise of Women

10.1

Then the goddess said, “Is it possible, O lord, to attain the level of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa even without a woman? [F.318.b] Or is it not possible?”

The lord replied, “It is not possible, O goddess.”

The goddess said, “Is it impossible, O lord, because bliss does not arise?”

The lord said:

“The highest awakening is not attained

Merely by the arising of bliss.

Only by the arising of a particular kind of bliss

Can it be reached, not otherwise.

11.

Chapter 11

The Universality of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa

11.1

Then the blessed lady said, “Are you, O lord, with or without passion?”

The blessed lord said:

“I am everyone, and I pervade everything,

Creating everything and destroying everything.

I possess all forms, I am the awakened one;

I am the creator, the destroyer, a powerful lord full of bliss.

12.

Chapter 12

Mantra Rituals

12.1

Then the blessed lady said:

“Please explain about applying mantras—

The pacifying and the enriching;

The practices of enthralling and summoning;

The killing, the driving away, and so forth.

12.2

“The removing of poison, the removing of disease,

The stopping of a fire or a sword.

Also the victory in battle

And the most eminent scholarship.

13.

Chapter 13

Conduct

13.1

The goddess then said:

“What conduct should be followed by a yogin?

Tell me, O lord!

And what practice ought to be done?

By what means is accomplishment speedily attained?”

13.2

The lord said:

“Killed should be the evil ones—

Those who disparage the Buddha’s teaching.

Having seized their wealth,

One should perform the benefit of beings. [F.325.a]

14.

Chapter 14

The Name Acala

14.1

Then in that gathering, a vajra yogin called Samantabhadra said this to the Blessed One, “May I ask, O lord, why do we use the names Acala (Immovable), as well as Ekallavīra (Sole Hero) and Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa (Great Fierce Angry One)?”

The Blessed One replied:

“Because of the union of wisdom and skillful means,

It is immovable and by nature blissful.

It is the wisdom and skillful means itself,

And therefore cannot be swayed by dispassion.

15.

Chapter 15

Purities

15.1

Then the blessed lady, Delusion Vajrī, said, “How can Sole Hero be actualized? Tell me, O supreme lord!” [F.327.a]

The lord then said:

“Starting from the syllable ā,

One should instantly visualize Black Acala.

Then, merely by the power of stability,

The yogin will certainly become a buddha.

15.2

“One should meditate on White Acala,

Or the yellow one, or the red one.

Or one should meditate on the green one,

Embraced by Hatred Vajrī, and so forth.

16.

Chapter 16

Dependent Origination

16.1

Then the Blessed Lady said:

“How does the world come into being?

How does it meet its end?

How does accomplishment come about?

Tell me, O supreme lord!”

16.2

The Blessed One then said:

“Formations have ignorance for their cause.

Consciousness has formations for its cause.

Name and form have consciousness for their cause.

The six cognitive fields have name and form for their cause.

Contact has the six cognitive fields for its cause.

Sensation has contact for its cause.

Craving has sensation for its cause.

Grasping has craving for its cause.

Becoming has grasping for its cause.

Birth has becoming for its cause.

Old age, death, grief, lamentation, pain, despair, and turmoil have birth for their cause—in this way arises this whole great heap of suffering. [F.328.b]

17.

Chapter 17

Increasing the Semen

17.1

Then the Blessed Lady said:

“Lord, this sexual union

Can increase and vitalize

The semen, menstrual blood, penis, vagina, and breasts,

Since it prevents the development of diseases.

17.2

“As there are methods for bringing the woman’s mind to the state of enthrallment,

And also for treating barrenness,132

For arresting the semen, and causing the menstrual blood to flow—

Please explain these methods.”

18.

Chapter 18

Preventing Disease

18.1

Then the lord said:

“One should blend the root of castor-oil plant with sour gruel, and rub it on the head. This will cure headache.

18.2

“One should fill the ear with lukewarm urine of a goat, cow, or human, with added salt. This will cure ear diseases. Alternatively one should place a dried spider into sesame oil.146

19.

Chapter 19

Retention of Semen and Similar Practices

19.1

Then the lord said:

“One should make a pill from the root of white butterfly pea with semen, and make a tilak mark on a woman’s forehead. Then she will become enthralled.

19.2

“One should smear one’s penis with tubeflower, sweet flag, and honey, and make love to a woman. One will enthrall her.

20.

Chapter 20

Mantras and Yantras

20.1

Then the goddess requested the lord:

“I would like to learn about other things,

Which are equally interesting, O lord!

Namely about the proficiency in mantra and yantra,

Which have been described as being of many types.

20.2

“Also everything about the practice of winds

And the signs of death.

Also about the nature of the body as an instrument—

Please do me this favor, right now!”

21.

Chapter 21

Magical Practices

21.1

Then the lord said:

“One should perform all the following rituals with this mantra while visualizing Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa: ‘Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, you who are a teacher of all magic! Teach all the magical methods to remove obstacles! Hūṁ phaṭ!’225

22.

Chapter 22

Controlling Prāṇa

22.1

The lord then said:

“Prāṇa is in the heart, apāna in the anus,

Samāna in the navel area,

Udāna in the area of the throat,

And vyāna in the entire body.

22.2

“The most important among them is

The prāṇa, located in the heart.

Through the cycle of breathing in and out,

It sustains the life of all beings.

23.

Chapter 23

Signs of Death

23.1

Then the lord said:

“If one feels a prickling sensation in one’s navel when pricking the soles of the feet, death will come within three days. If one feels a prickling sensation in one’s eyes when pricking the soles of the feet, it will come within three months. If one feels a prickling sensation in one’s nose when pricking the soles of one’s feet, it will come within three months.

24.

Chapter 24

Nature of the Body

24.1

Then the lord said:

“After the mother and the father unite,

The moon has the nature of the five elements and

The sun has the nature of the five elements.

Through the meeting of these two,

24.2

“A being is born again—

One of the nature of wisdom and means.

Bones and sinews will be formed from the moon;

And flesh, and other matter, from the sun.

25.

Chapter 25

Deity Practice

25.1

Then the goddess said:

“I want to hear more

About the arising of the perfection of wisdom‌.

Please grant me this favor, my lord;

Speak briefly, without elaborating too much.”

25.2

The lord then said:

“I will now teach

The arising of Perfection of Wisdom‌—

The goddess who sits in sattvaparyaṅka posture,

With the body of a sixteen-year-old.

Colophon

Dharmas arise based on causes, and those causes and their cessation the Thus-Gone One has explained. This is the teaching of the Great Ascetic.264

ap.

Appendix

Sanskrit Text

Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram

app.

Prologue to the Sanskrit Text

app.1

Sigla:

Manuscripts

A – Ekallavīranāmacaṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram. Royal Asiatic Society, London. Ref.: Cowell 46/31.

B – Ekallavīranāmacaṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram. National Archives of Nepal, Kathmandu. Ref.: NGMPP 3/687, Reel no. A 994/4.

Gt – Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram. University of Göttingen Library, Göttingen. Ref.: Bandurski Xc 14/43–45.

P – Padmāvatīnāmā Pañjikā by Mahāsukhavajra. National Archives of Nepal, Kathmandu. Ref.: NGMPP 3/502, Reel no. B 31/7.

Published Editions

G – George 1974

Po – Poussin 1897

T – Dpal gtum po khro bo chen po’i rgyud kyi rgyal po dpa’ bo gcig pa zhes bya ba. Toh 431, Degé Kangyur, vol 80 (rgyud ’bum, nga), folios 304b–343a.

ap1.

Chapter A1

ap1.1

oṁ namaś caṇḍamahāroṣaṇāya ||

evaṃ mayā śrutam ekasmin samaye bhagavān vajrasattvaḥ sarvatathāgatakāyavākcittahṛdayavajradhātvīśvarībhage vijahāra | anekaiś ca vajrayogiyoginīgaṇaiḥ | tadyathā | śvetācalena vajrayoginā | pītācalena ca vajrayoginā | raktācalena ca vajrayoginā | śyāmācalena ca vajrayoginā | mohavajryā ca vajrayoginyā | piśunavajryā ca vajrayoginyā | rāgavajryā ca vajrayoginyā | īrṣyāvajryā ca vajrayoginyā | evaṃpramukhair yogiyoginīkoṭiniyutaśatasahasraiḥ ||

ap2.

Chapter A2

ap2.1

atha bhagavatī dveṣavajrī bhagavantaṃ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇaṃ gāḍham āliṅgyāha |

maṇḍalasya kiyan mānaṃ vartanīyañ ca kena hi |

likhitavyañ ca tathā tatra madhye kiṃ brūhi me prabho ||

ap2.2

atha bhagavān āha |

maṇḍalasya bhaven mānaṃ caikahastaṃ dvihastakam |

trihastaṃ vā catuḥpañca pañcamānaṃ na cādhikam ||

ap3.

Chapter A3

ap3.1

atha bhagavaty āha |

kathaṃ śiṣyo bhavet bhavyo yojitavyo 'tra tantrake |

nirviśaṅkaś ca kartavyaḥ kathaya tvaṃ mahāprabho ||

ap3.2

atha bhagavān āha |

ādau triśaraṇaṃ dadyāt pañcaśikṣāś ca poṣadham |

tataḥ pañcābhiṣekaṃ tu guhyaṃ prajñāṃ ca śeṣataḥ ||

ap4.

Chapter A4

ap4.1

atha bhagavaty āha |

bhāvitavyaṃ kathaṃ caṇḍaroṣaṇabhāvakena hi |

japtavyaṃ kīdṛśaṃ mantraṃ vada tvaṃ parameśvara ||

ap4.2

atha bhagavān āha |

mano 'nukūlake deśe sarvopadravavarjite |

āsanaṃ kalpayet tatra yathālabdhaṃ samāhitaḥ ||

ap5.

Chapter A5

ap5.1

athātaḥ sampravakṣyāmi sarvamantrasamuccayam | atha bhagavān sarvamāraparājayaṃ nāma samādhiṃ samāpadyedaṃ mantrasamuccayam āha |

oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ | mūlamantraḥ ||

oṁ acala hūṁ phaṭ | dvitīyamūlamantraḥ ||

oṁ hūṁ phaṭ | tṛtīyamūlamantraḥ ||

hūṁ | hṛdayamantraḥ ||

āṁ | hṛdayamantro dvitīyaḥ ||

haṁ | tṛtīyahṛdayamantraḥ ||

ap6.

Chapter A6

ap6.1

atha bhagavatī prajñāpāramitā bhagavantaṃ gāḍham āliṅgya padmena vajragharṣaṇaṃ kṛtvā prāha |

niṣpannakramayogena bhāvanā kīdṛśī bhavet |

yoginīnāṃ hitārthāya pṛcchitaṃ saphalīkuru ||

ap6.2

atha bhagavān āha |

niṣpannakramayogastho yogī yogaikatatparaḥ |

bhāvayed ekacittena mama rūpam aharniśam ||

ap7.

Chapter A7

ap7.1

atha bhagavaty āha |

maithunaṃ kurvato jantor mahān syāt pariśramaḥ |

tasya viśramaṇaṃ nātha jantvarthe vaktum arhasi ||

ap7.2

bhagavān āha |

straiṇyaṃ saukhyaṃ samālambya svapratyakṣe nirodhitam |

bhuñjīta matsyamāṃsaṃ tu piben madyaṃ samāhitaḥ ||

ap8.

Chapter A8

ap8.1

atha bhagavān bhagavatīṃ pañcamaṇḍalair namaskṛtyāha |

tvadīyaṃ yoginā rūpaṃ jñātavyaṃ tu kathaṃ priye |

bhagavatī cārādhitā kena yogināṃ318 vā bhaviṣyati ||

ap8.2

atha bhagavaty āha |

yāvad dhi dṛśyate loke strīrūpaṃ bhuvanatraye |

tan madīyaṃ mataṃ rūpaṃ nīcānīcakulaṃ gatam ||

ap9.

Chapter A9

ap9.1

atha bhagavaty āha | kathaṃ bhagavan prajñopāyayor ahaṃkāro bhāvanīyaḥ |

bhagavān āha |

yogī strīm agrataḥ kṛtvānyonyadṛṣṭitatparaḥ |

ṛjukāyaṃ samādāya dhyāyed ekāgramānasaḥ ||

ap9.2

catuṣkāyasvabhāvatvād bhedo nāsti manāg api |

vinā bodhaṃ punar bhedaḥ prajñopāyayor mataḥ ||

ap10.

Chapter A10

ap10.1

atha bhagavaty āha | kiṃ bhagavan strīvyatirekeṇāpi śakyate sādhayituṃ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇapadam utāho na śakyate |

bhagavān āha | na śakyate devi |

bhagavaty āha | kiṃ bhagavan sukhānudayān na śakyate |

bhagavān āha |

na sukhodayamātreṇa labhyate bodhir uttamā |

sukhaviśeṣodayād eva prāpyate sā ca nānyathā ||

ap11.

Chapter A11

ap11.1

atha bhagavaty āha | kiṃ tvaṃ bhagavan sarāgo 'si vītarāgo vā |

bhagavān āha |

sarvo 'haṃ sarvavyāpī ca sarvakṛt sarvanāśakaḥ |

sarvarūpadharo buddhaḥ kartā hartā prabhuḥ sukhī ||

ap11.2

yene yenaiva rūpeṇa sattvā yānti vineyatām |

tena tenaiva rūpeṇa sthito 'haṃ lokahetave ||

ap12.

Chapter A12

ap12.1

atha bhagavaty āha |

mantrāṇāṃ sādhanaṃ brūhi śāntikaṃ pauṣṭikaṃ tathā |

vaśyākṛṣṭiprayogaṃ ca māraṇoccāṭanādikam ||

ap12.2

viṣanāśaṃ vyādhināśaṃ vahnikhaḍgādistambhanam |

saṃgrāme vijayaṃ cāpi pāṇḍityam athottamam ||

ap12.3

yakṣiṇīsādhanaṃ ceṭaṃ dūtabhūtādisādhanam |

sāmarthyam anekavijñānaṃ niścitaṃ me vada prabho ||

ap13.

Chapter A13

ap13.1

atha bhagavaty āha |

sthātavyaṃ yoginā kena saṃvareṇa vada prabho |

caryā ca kīdṛśī kāryā siddhiḥ kenāśu labhyate ||

ap13.2

bhagavān āha |

māraṇīyā hi vai duṣṭā buddhaśā[sa]nadūṣakāḥ |

teṣām eva dhanaṃ gṛhya sattvebhyo hitam ācaret ||

ap14.

Chapter A14

ap14.1

atha tasmin parṣadi samantabhadro nāma vajrayogī bhagavantam etad avocat | paripṛcchāmy ahaṃ nātha kim artham acalasaṃjñakam ekallavīrasaṃjñā ca caṇḍamaharoṣaṇeti ca |

atha bhagavān āha |

prajñopāyasamāyogān niścalaṃ sukharūpiṇam |

prajñopāyātmakaṃ tac ca virāgeṇa na cālitam ||

ap14.2

tenaivācalam ākhyātaṃ vajrasattvasvarūpiṇam |

dvibhujaikamukhaṃ śāntaṃ svaccham apratighamanaḥ ||

ap15.

Chapter A15

ap15.1

atha bhagavatī dveṣavajry uvāca | ekavīraḥ kathaṃ sidhyed brūhi tvaṃ parameśvara |

atha bhagavān āha |

jhaṭity ākārayogena kṛṣṇācalaṃ vibhāvayet |

tataḥ sthairyabalād eva yogī buddho na saṃśayaḥ ||

ap15.2

śvetaṃ cācalaṃ dhyāyāt pītaṃ vā raktam eva vā |

śyāmaṃ vācalaṃ dhyāyād dveṣavajryādisampuṭam ||

ap16.

Chapter A16

ap16.1

atha bhagavaty āha |

katham utpadyate lokaḥ kathaṃ yāti kṣayaṃ punaḥ |

kathaṃ vā bhavet siddhir brūhi tvaṃ parameśvara ||

ap16.2

atha bhagavān āha |

avidyāpratyayāḥ saṃskārāḥ |

saṃskārapratyayaṃ vijñānam |

vijñānapratyayaṃ nāmarūpam |

nāmarūpapratyayaṃ ṣaḍāyatanam |

ṣaḍāyatanapratyayaḥ sparśaḥ |

sparśapratyayā vedanā |

vedanāpratyayā tṛṣṇā |

tṛṣṇāpratyayam upādānam |

upādānapratyayo bhavaḥ |

bhavapratyayā jātiḥ |

jātipratyayā jarāmaraṇaśokaparidevaduḥkhadaurmanasyopāyāsāḥ | evam asya kevalasya mahato duḥkhaskandhasya samudayo bhavati ||

ap17.

Chapter A17

ap17.1

atha bhagavaty āha |

nāthedaṃ sampuṭaṃ śukraraktaliṅgabhagastane |

pravṛddhe śakyate kartuṃ vyādhivṛddhatvanāśanāt ||

ap17.2

strīmanovaśyatābhāvāt tadvad vyākaraṇād api |

śukrasya stambhanād raktadrāvaṇād brūhi yogakam ||

ap17.3

atha bhagavān āha |

ap18.

Chapter A18

ap18.1

atha bhagavān āha | eraṇḍamūlaṃ kāñjikena388 piṣṭvā śiro mardayet | śiraḥśūlaṃ vināśayati ||

ap18.2

chāgasya gor narasya vā koṣṇamūtraṃ sasaindhavaṃ karṇaṃ pūrayet | karṇaroganāśaḥ | śuṣkamarkaṭatailaṃ vā dadyāt ||

ap18.3

katakaḥ pippalī āmalakī haridrā vacā śiśireṇa vaṭikāṃ kuryāt | tenāñjanāt sarvacakṣūroganāśaḥ | madhupippalyā vāñjayet ||

ap19.

Chapter A19

ap19.1

atha bhagavān āha |

śvetāparajitāmūlaṃ śukreṇa vaṭikāṃ kṛtvā tilakena vaśībhavati strī ||

ap19.2

brahmadaṇḍīvacāmadhunā liṅgam uddhṛtya striyaṃ kāmayed | vaśam ānayati ||

ap19.3

daṇḍotpalāmūlaṃ kuṣṭhaṃ tāmbūlena dadyāt, tathā brahmadaṇḍī viḍaṅgaṃ vacā kuṣṭhaṃ nāgakeśaraṃ tāmbūlena dadyāt | vaśībhavati ||

ap20.

Chapter A20

ap20.1

atha bhagavatī bhagavantam etad avocat |

nānāvibhedanigaditaṃ mantrayantrādikauśalam |

aparaṃ śrotum icchāmi tathā kutūhalaṃ vibho ||

ap20.2

vāyuyogamaśeṣaṃ ca tathā kālasya lakṣaṇam |

svarūpaṃ dehayantrasya prasādaṃ kuru sampratam ||

ap20.3

atha bhagavān āha |

ap21.

Chapter A21

ap21.1

atha bhagavān āha | oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa sarvamāyādarśaka sarvamāyāṃ nidarśaya nirvighne hūṁ phaṭ | anena caṇḍamahāroṣaṇaṃ dhyātvā sarvaṃ kuryāt409 ||

ap21.2

uḍumbarakṣīreṇa karpaṭaṃ mrakṣayitvā nīrandhraṃ, satailasarjarasaṃ piṣṭvā, tasmin prakṣipya, vartiṃ kārayet | udakena dīpajvālanāj jvalati sthiram ||

ap21.3

rātrau varaṭaprastharakhaṇḍadvayaṃ nighṛṣya hūṁkāreṇa vidyucchaṭāṃ darśayati ||

ap22.

Chapter A22

ap22.1

atha bhagavān āha |

hṛdi prāṇo gude 'pānaḥ samāno nābhideśake |

udānaḥ kaṇṭhadeśe tu vyānaḥ sarvaśarīragaḥ ||

ap22.2

eṣāṃ madhye pradhāno 'yaṃ prāṇavāyur hṛdi sthitaḥ |

śvāsapraśvāsabhedena jīvanaṃ sarvajantunām ||

ap22.3

ṣoḍaśasaṃkrāntiyogena pratyekena daṇḍam ekam |

caturmaṇḍalavāhena dvyāyutaṃ śataṣoḍaśam ||

ap23.

Chapter A23

ap23.1

atha bhagavān āha |

pādatālukāṃ vidhvā nābhivedhāt trirātreṇa mṛtyuḥ syāt | pādatālukāṃ vidhvā cakṣurvedhān māsatrayeṇa | pādatālukāṃ vidhvā nāsikāvedhena māsatrayeṇa ||

ap23.2

kuṭiprāvakāle samaṃ hañchikayā420 varṣeṇa | nāpitagartivedhāt pañcavarṣeṇa | jihvāgrādarśane trivāsaraiḥ | karṇāgravedhāc caturmāsaiḥ | ūrṇāvedhād dinaikena | suratasya madhye 'nte vā hañchikayā māsena | samaṃ sarvakaniṣṭḥāvedhān māsena ||

ap24.

Chapter A24

ap24.1

atha bhagavān āha |

mātṛpitṛsamāyogāt pañcabhūtātmakaḥ śaśī |

pañcabhūtātmakaḥ sūryo dvayor mīlanayogataḥ ||

ap24.2

jāyate tatra vai sattvaḥ prajñopāyātmakaḥ punaḥ |

asthibandhā bhavec candrāt sūryān māṃsādisaṃbhavaḥ ||

ap24.3

ātmaśūnyo bhaved dehaḥ sattvānāṃ karmanirmitaḥ |

māyopamasvarūpo 'yaṃ gandharvanagaropamaḥ ||

ap25.

Chapter A25

ap25.1

atha bhagavatī āha |

aparaṃ śrotum icchāmi prajñāpāramitodayam |

prasādaṃ kuru me nātha, saṃkṣiptaṃ nātivistaram ||

ap25.2

atha bhagavān āha |

athātaḥ sampravakṣyāmi prajñāpāramitodayam |

sattvaparyaṅkinīṃ devīṃ ṣoḍaśābdavapuṣmatīm ||

Notes

n.1

Cf. Dharmachakra (2016).

n.2

Cf. Isaacson (2006).

n.3

The seventeenth mantra; see Dharmachakra (2016).

n.4

Cf. Isaacson (2010).

n.5

The Tibetan Kangyur contains eight Caryātantras, Toh 494–501.

n.6

Cf. Isaacson (2010).

n.7

Chap. 16 in de la Vallée Poussin (1897), and chaps. 1–8 in George (1974).

n.8

The palm leaf manuscript is held at the Royal Asiatic Society in London (ref. Cowell no. 46/31, dated Nepal Saṃvat 500, 1380 c.e.).

n.9

Dates according to the Buddhist Digital Resource Centre.

n.10

Page numbers included in the English translation refer to the Tibetan Degé block print.

n.11

George (1974).

n.12

Gäng (1981).

n.13

Skt. oṁ śrīcaṇḍamahāroṣaṇa sarvaparivārasahita āgaccha āgaccha jaḥ hūṁ vaṁ hoḥ atra maṇḍale adhiṣṭhānaṃ kuru hūṁ phaṭ svāhā.

n.14

Skt. oṁ kṛṣṇācala puṣpaṃ pratīccha hūṁ phaṭ, and so on.

n.15

Skt. oṁ dveṣavajri puṣpaṃ pratīccha hūṁ phaṭ, and so on.

n.16

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.17

Tib. “Having brought my existence here to cessation, I shall become a refuge for all beings.”

n.18

Skt. oṁ āḥ sarvatathāgatābhiṣekasamayaśriye hūṁ.

n.19

Skt. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa āviśa āviśa asya hṛdaye hūṁ phaṭ.

n.20

Skt. oṁ hana hana māraya māraya sarvaśatrūñ jñānakhaḍga hūṁ phaṭ.

n.21

“Great Truth” is an epithet of Yama.

n.22

“Dharma” is an epithet of Amitābha.

n.23

Skt. oṁ gṛhṇa gṛhṇa kaṭṭa kaṭṭa sarvaduṣṭān pāśena bandha bandha mahāsatya te dharma te svāhā.

n.24

Skt. oṁ he śrībhagavan kṛṣṇācala siddhas tvaṃ hūṁ phaṭ.

n.25

Skt. oṁ bhagavati āviśa āviśa asyā hṛdaye hūṁ phaṭ.

n.26

Skt. oṁ karttike sarvamārāṇāṃ māṃsaṃ kartaya kartaya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.27

Skt. oṁ kapāla sarvaśatrūṇāṃ raktaṃ dhāraya dhāraya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.28

Skt. oṁ he śrīdveṣavajri siddhā tvaṃ hūṁ phaṭ.

n.29

Skt. aho sukham.

n.30

Skt. oṁ śūnyatājñānavajrasvabhāvātmako 'ham.

n.31

Translated based on the Tibetan.

n.32

Translated based on the Tibetan.

n.33

“Wearing Five Braids of Hair” (pañcacīra) is an epithet of Mañjuśrī.

n.34

The “churning method” is explained in the commentary. It means that one mentally creates the deity out of the male and female sexual fluids mingled in the vagina of the consort.

n.35

It is not completely clear what “according to that” means; possibly that if the girl is of “red nature,” one should visualize oneself as Red Acala.

n.36

Skt. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.37

Skt. oṁ acala hūṁ phaṭ.

n.38

Skt. oṁ hrāṁ hrīṁ hrauṁ caṇḍarūpe caṭa caṭa pracaṭa pracaṭa kaṭṭa kaṭṭa prasphura prasphura prasphāraya prasphāraya hana hana grasa grasa bandha bandha jambhaya jambhaya stambhaya stambhaya mohaya mohaya sarvaśatrūṇāṃ mukhabandhanaṃ kuru kuru sarvaḍākinīnāṃ grahabhūtapiśācavyādhiyakṣānāṃ trāsaya trāsaya mara mara māraya māraya rurucaṇḍaruk rakṣa rakṣa devadattaṃ caṇḍamahāsenaḥ sarvam ājñāpayati. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.39

Skt. namaḥ sarvāśāparipūrakebhyaḥ sarvatathāgatebhyaḥ. sarvathācalakānanā naṭṭa naṭṭa moṭṭa moṭṭa saṭṭa saṭṭa tuṭṭa tuṭṭa tiṣṭha tiṣṭha āviśa āviśa āḥ mahāmattabālaka dhūṇa dhūna tiṇa tiṇa khāda khāda vighnān māraya māraya duṣṭān bhakṣa bhakṣa sarvaṃ kuru kuru kiri kiri mahāviṣavajra phaṭ hūṁ hūṁ hūṁ. trivalitaraṅgāvartaka hūṁ hūṁ hūṁ. acala ceṭa phaṭ sphāṭaya sphāṭaya hūṁ hūṁ asamantike trāṭ mahābala sāṭaya samānaya trāṁ māṁ hāṁ śuddhyantu lokāḥ. tuṣyatu vajrī namo 'stv apratihatabalebhyaḥ. jvālaya trāṭ asaha namaḥ svāhā.

n.40

Skt. namaḥ sarvāśāparipūrakebhyaḥ sarvatathāgatebhyaḥ sarvathā trāṭ. amoghacaṇḍamahāroṣaṇa sphāṭaya sphāṭaya hūṁ. bhramaya bhramaya hūṁ trāṭ hāṁ māṁ.

n.41

Skt. oṁ kṛṣṇācala hūṁ phaṭ.

n.42

Skt. oṁ śvetācala hūṁ phaṭ.

n.43

Skt. oṁ pītācala hūṁ phaṭ.

n.44

Skt. oṁ raktācala hūṁ phaṭ.

n.45

Skt. oṁ śyāmācala hūṁ phaṭ.

n.46

Skt. oṁ vajrayogini hūṁ phaṭ.

n.47

Skt. oṁ prajñāpāramite hūṁ phaṭ.

n.48

Skt. oṁ vauheri hūṁ phaṭ.

n.49

Skt. oṁ picu picu prajñāvardhani jvala jvala medhāvardhani dhiri dhiri buddhivardhani svāhā.

n.50

Skt. oṁ dveṣavajri hūṁ phaṭ.

n.51

Skt. oṁ mohavajri hūṁ phaṭ.

n.52

Skt. oṁ piśunavajri hūṁ phaṭ.

n.53

Skt. oṁ rāgavajri hūṁ phaṭ.

n.54

Skt. oṁ īrṣyāvajri hūṁ phaṭ.

n.55

Skt. oṁ namo bhagavate śrīcaṇḍamahāroṣaṇāya devāsuramānuṣyatrāsanāya samastamārabalavināśanāya ratnamakuṭakṛtaśirase imaṃ baliṃ gṛhṇa gṛhṇa mama sarvavighnān hana hana caturmārān nivāraya nivāraya trāsa trāsa bhrāma bhrāma chinda chinda bhinda bhinda nāśa nāśa tāpa tāpa śoṣa śoṣa cheda cheda bheda bheda duṣṭasattvān mama viruddhacittakān bhasmīkuru kuru phaṭ phaṭ svāhā.

n.56

Translated based on the Tibetan.

n.57

According to the commentary, the juice from her mouth is phlegm from her throat.

n.58

In Indian culture, the sound sīt is expressive of sexual excitement or pleasure.

n.59

Translated based on the Tibetan.

n.60

This line is missing from the Tibetan. Instead, for this and the next three lines, it reads: “Therefore, having drawn out with one’s mouth / The semen and blood in the lotus / One should look at it again and again / Then consume it.”

n.61

Harunaga Isaacson suggested emending svedaṃ to śvetaṃ, in which case the translation would be “semen and blood.” The Tibetan also supports the reading śvetaṃ.

n.62

The Tibetan differs in these two lines. It reads: “The yogi, by virtue of his meditative equipoise / Should thus be possessed of altruism.” Neither the Sanskrit nor the Tibetan seems to fit the context very well.

n.63

Translated based on the Tibetan.

n.64

Translated based on the Tibetan.

n.65

These two lines are absent in the Tibetan.

n.66

Here the Tibetan reflects the reading rakta (rak+ta) rather than bhakta.

n.67

The Tibetan has “anus and lotus.”

n.68

The Tibetan has kha chu here, which usually just means “saliva.” No “lumps” are mentioned.

n.69

The Tibetan differs: “A yogin should rest in equipoise / And only focus on the form of the innate.”

n.70

Kulatriṇī, which could not be identified, was rendered into the Tibetan as śabarī (a mountaineer/tribal woman).

n.71

The Tibetan transliterates hatriṇī, which could not be identified, as hāḍi (one of the outcaste groups).

n.72

The translation “house builder” is based on the Tibetan. The Sanskrit has kemālinī, which could not be identified.

n.73

Translated based on the Tibetan.

n.74

This and the next one-and-a-half verses up to “Through this very means” are absent in the Tibetan.

n.75

The Tibetan reads: “As long as one is afraid of worldly evil / One will not gain power.” The Sanskrit reading, however, is corroborated by the commentary.

n.76

The Sanskrit term kāmabhoga has been translated here as “the pleasure of sex.” However, other interpretations are also possible, for example that the text adds another body to the formative list of the three just mentioned.

n.77

Tib. “Wholly devoted to serving one’s guru.”

n.78

Literally “with the five joints.”

n.79

Instead of “the sons of the victorious ones,” the Tibetan seems to say that lust is the nature of the victorious ones.

n.80

Tib. “That was only for the sake of others.”

n.81

This verse and the entire section are missing from the Tibetan, which jumps from “The blessed lord then said” to “What boon shall I grant you?” below.

n.82

In this context, siddhas are a class of semi-divine beings, similar to vidyādharas.

n.83

The Tib. reads “a vase, shoes” instead of “cloth shoes.”

n.84

Tib. “They will enable you to attain omniscience.”

n.85

Skt. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa āgaccha āgaccha hūṃ phaṭ.

n.86

Skt. amukaṃ me sādhaya.

n.87

Skt. amukaṃ hana hana.

n.88

Skt. sarvapāpaṃ me nāśaya.

n.89

Skt. rakṣa rakṣa mām.

n.90

Instead of “one effects protection,” the Tibetan has “one burns rākṣasas in all cases.”

n.91

The Tibetan has: “One should strike the ḍākinīs and so forth” (mkha’ ’gro ma la sogs pa rnams la brab par bya’o).

n.92

Skt. ḍākinyādikam apasāraya.

n.93

Skt. rakṣa rakṣa bālakam.

n.94

Skt. devadattasya mukhaṃ kīlaya.

n.95

Skt. devadattasya pādau kīlaya.

n.96

Skt. devadattasya hṛdayaṃ kīlaya.

n.97

“Withered thorn” is a translation of saṃkocakaṇṭaka. The meaning of saṃkoca is unclear. It is one of several possible names for saffron, but the saffron plant does not have thorns, as in this context. The Tibetan for this term (mtshon sbal) was in none of the available dictionaries.

n.98

Skt. devadattasyāṅgaṃ kīlaya.

n.99

Skt. devadattam uccāṭaya.

n.100

Skt. devadattam uccāṭaya.

n.101

Skt. devadattaṃ māraya. The Tibetan adds here: “If you add it, it will kill him.”

n.102

Skt. amukasyāmukarogaṃ nāśaya.

n.103

Skt. devadattasya viṣaṃ nāśaya.

n.104

Skt. amukaṃ vaśam ānaya.

n.105

Skt. amukam ākarṣaya.

n.106

Skt. puṣṭiṃ me kuru. The Tibetan adds here: “One will become enriched” (rgyas par ’gyur ro).

n.107

This could be the mantra given above: oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa āgaccha āgaccha hūṃ phaṭ (Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, come, come, hūṁ phaṭ!).

n.108

Skt. sarvajvarāṇi nāśaya.

n.109

Skt. hara harānantaṃ śīghraṃ varṣāpaya.

n.110

This could be: oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa āgaccha āgaccha hūṃ phaṭ (Oṁ, Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, come, come, hūṁ phaṭ!).

n.111

Skt. sarvavātavṛṣṭiṃ stambhaya. The Tibetan adds: “Then the rain will stop.”

n.112

The Tibetan says: “One should tie it to the head, forearm, back of the neck, or the left leg.”

n.113

Skt. idaṃ bhuktvā sarve jvarādayo 'pasarantu śīghraṃ bhagavān caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa evaṃ ājñāpayati. yadi nāpasariṣyatha tadā bhagavān kruddhas tīkṣṇena khaḍgena tilapramāṇaṃ kṛtvā chetsyati.

n.114

The Tibetan has: “Whoever’s toenail it touches will be enthralled.”

n.115

The third root mantra must be meant here: oṁ vauheri hūṁ phaṭ. This is where one inserts the target’s name, with instructions, between oṁ vauheri and hūṁ phaṭ.

n.116

Skt. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa imaṃ baliṃ gṛhṇa gṛhṇa amukakāryaṃ me sādhaya hūṃ phaṭ.

n.117

This line is missing in the Tibetan.

n.118

Tib. “One should perform secret conduct with a twelve-year-old girl.”

n.119

Tib. “Engage in practice for half one’s lifetime.”

n.120

Tib. “Free of evil, of stainless mind.”

n.121

“Alone” in this context means, according to the commentary, that he is without a retinue of maṇḍala deities.

n.122

Translation based on the Tibetan; the word deities is missing from the Sanskrit.

n.123

Tib. “Then, one is born from the womb. By stopping the primary and secondary mental states associated with dying, there will be no mental anguish and turmoil of aging and death.”

n.124

For the two previous sentences, the Tibetan reads: Those who seek liberation will not be subject to the process of suffering, since the nature of the aggregates, such as ignorance, has ceased.

n.125

“An empty state” (śūnyatā) of a useless (tuccha) type is here a reference to the nirvāṇa as attained by the śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas, i.e. the state which results solely from the cessation of ignorance and the remaining eleven links of dependent origination. The view represented in this tantra, however, regards the inactivity of nirvāṇa as a worthless state (tucchatā).

n.126

The Tibetan reads: Due to emptiness and the insubstantial nature, they are not subject to suffering and come to possess the meaning of liberation.

n.127

The Tibetan reads: Thus, they have no thoughts of liberation, nor any thoughts of a lack of liberation.

n.128

The Tibetan reads: Therefore, they assume the form of great bliss, the union of means and insight that is devoid of independent reality.

n.129

The Tibetan reads “liberation” with the next sentence (“Liberation arises through passion…”).

n.130

The Tibetan is unclear here but appears to say: “Liberation arises through passion; the passion that is worldly passion, is neither extinct nor not extinct.” Tibetan: thar pa ni ’dod chags las skyes pa ste / ’jig rten pa’i ’dod chags zad pa dang zad pa ma yin par gyur.

n.131

The Tibetan reads: That mind, that supreme essence, which is the unique joy of the moon. (In tantric parlance “moon” stands for “semen,” so “the... joy of the moon” possibly refers to innate joy experienced during ejaculation.)

n.132

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.133

The translation “tiny worms” is based on the Tibetan; the Sanskrit has “powder” (cūrṇa). The Tibetan reading makes better sense as coriander is a known vermicide.

n.134

The Tibetan implies that both coriander and honey should be drunk through the nose, that is, used as a sternutatory.

n.135

Tib. “Having cleansed away afflictions, later one should begin.”

n.136

Skt. oṁ caṇdamahāroṣaṇa idaṃ divyāmṛtaṃ me kuru hūṁ phaṭ.

n.137

Vāsya has not been identified.

n.138

Instead of “insert,” the Tibetan has “stroke/caress” (nyed).

n.139

Instead of “resin,” the Tibetan has “flour.”

n.140

Śevāla is probably Blyxa octandra. “Black hellebore” is here the translation of kaṭurohiṇī. In the Tibetan, however, kaṭurohiṇī is understood to be a compound of two names, kaṭu and rohiṇī. Each of these two can be a name of several plants.

n.141

Instead of “dung,” the Tibetan has “butter.”

n.142

The last sentence is unclear both in the Sanskrit and in the Tibetan. The Tibetan says: “By washing them with warm water, the engorgement declines, like the penis described above.”

n.143

Here “bastard rosewood” is the translation of gorakṣa, which could also be the name of other plants.

n.144

This can be a name of several plants.

n.145

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.146

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.147

This paragraph is missing from the Tibetan text and is found only in the more recent Sanskrit manuscripts.

n.148

Śephālikā has not been identified.

n.149

Before this sentence, the Tibetan reads: “One should blend saffron extract, dūrvā grass extract, and pomegranate flower extract, and pour it through the nose. This will stop nose bleeding. With rice gruel and kāṣṭha udumvāra root, one will stop bleeding from the mouth.”

n.150

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.151

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.152

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.153

Bhūmividārī could not be identified with certainty. The name elements are synonymous with bhūmisphoṭa, which is the name of a field mushroom.

n.154

The procedure described here is not very clear.

n.155

The details of this recipe are far from clear. The Tibetan seems to be saying: “One should place in a crucible one tulā [sic] of quicksilver, a lump of śaliñca, and a lump of loṇiya, together with six or one [measures] of red arsenic, smeared with freshly churned butter. Having sealed the lid, one should cook it with sand inside a kiln.”

n.156

The plant sūrasūnna (also spelt surasunna and surasunnaka) could not be identified.

n.157

This whole paragraph is translated based on the Tibetan. The section is missing from the Sanskrit. Śmathai seems to be a corrupt Sanskrit word and could not be identified.

n.158

The Tibetan adds a line: “If one rubs the penis with it and makes love, she will be enthralled.”

n.159

Instead of the following line, the Tibetan has: “then apply vernonia, costus, and betel. The very same result will occur.”

n.160

The last sentence of this paragraph is missing from the Tibetan.

n.161

Instead of this, the Tibetan has: “If one soaks the calf’s tongue with the self-arisen flower from yellow orpiment and applies it as a tilak to the woman’s forehead, she will be enthralled.”

n.162

Viṣṇukrāntā, here translated as “dwarf morning glory,” could also be the name of butterfly pea.

n.163

The five impure substances, according to the commentary, are secretions from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and the sexual organ.

n.164

A play on words may be intended here, as the word citta, which normally means “thought,” can also have the technical meaning of “semen.”

n.165

Skt. oṁ calacitte cili cili culu culu reto muñca muñca svāhā.

n.166

Skt. namaḥ caṇḍālī amukīṃ vaśīkuru svāhā.

n.167

Interpretive translation based on the commentary.

n.168

The northern root-branch of downy datura, extracted while facing north (cf. the commentary).

n.169

Tib. “Or one should fasten downy datura to one’s hips, having removed it while not wearing any clothing or undergarments and with one’s hair loosened.”

n.170

Instead of the last two lines, the Tibetan reads: “One should fasten the bone from the leg of a black cat. One will be able to retain semen. Or one should fasten the root of white śarapuṅṣā, and semen will also be retained.”

n.171

Again, the plant surasunnaka (also spelt surasunna and sūrasūnna) could not be identified.

n.172

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.173

Tib. “One should make eye ointment in a lamp filled with pig fat and with a wick made of white thread of giant milkweed.”

n.174

After “oil,” the Tibetan adds: “in a lamp with a wick made from powdered earthworms.”

n.175

The Tibetan adds: “Having ground earthworms into a powder, one should cook it in safflower oil together with saffron oil and rub it on the feet. One will retain the semen.” This passage is then followed with: “One should mix toad’s grease and scorpion with goat’s milk, and rub the feet with it. Semen will be retained.”

n.176

Viṣṇukrāntā, here translated as “dwarf morning glory,” could also be butterfly pea.

n.177

This paragraph is missing from the Tibetan.

n.178

This paragraph is missing from the Tibetan.

n.179

We are not sure if “ox horn” is to be understood literally or as the name of a plant.

n.180

This sentence is not clear to us. The Tibetan just has: “One should repeat this two or three times.”

n.181

Oṣaṇī has not been identified.

n.182

Rāmadūtī has not been identified.

n.183

This passage seems to be corroborated by the Tibetan, but the commentary seems to refer to a slightly different content.

n.184

Skt. oṁ jvālākarālavadane hasa hasa halāhalavajre suvajre sphara sphara sphāraya sphāraya sarvameghavātavṛṣṭiṃ stambhaya stambhaya sphoṭaya sphoṭaya yaḥ yaḥ yaḥ sarvapānīyam śoṣaya śoṣaya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.185

Skt. oṁ phetkāra pheṁ pheṁ ha ha hā hā pheṭ.

n.186

Skt. oṁ sarvavidyādhipataye parayantramantranāśane sarvaaḍākinīnāṃ trāsaya trāsaya bandha bandha sukhaṃ kīlaya kīlaya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.187

Skt. oṁ hili hili phuḥ phuḥ.

n.188

Skt. oṁ hrīṁ baṭukanātha caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.189

Skt. oṁ yamāntaka hrīḥ strīḥ hūṁ hūṁ hūṁ phaṭ phaṭ trāsaya trāsaya caṇḍa pracaṇḍa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.190

Skt. oṁ yamamardane mardaya mardaya caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.191

Skt. oṁ krośaṇe saṃkrośaṇe bhedanāya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.192

Skt. oṁ trāsane mohanāya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.193

Skt. oṁ acale saṃcale amukasya mukhaṃ kīlaya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.194

Skt. oṁ sarvamārabhañjane amukasya pādau kīlaya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.195

Skt. oṁ vikṛtānana parabalabhañjane bhañjaya bhañjaya stambhaya stambhaya vajrapāśena amukaṃ sasainyaṃ bandha bandha hūṁ phaṭ khaḥ gaḥ hā hā hī hī pheṁ pheṁ. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.196

Skt. oṁ daha daha paca paca matha matha jvara jvara jvālaya jvālaya śoṣaya śoṣaya gṛhṇa gṛhṇa jvala jvala. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ svāhā.

n.197

Skt. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa amukaṃ jvareṇa gṛhṇāpaya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.198

Skt. oṁ jaya jaya parājaya nirjitayantre hī hī hā hā sphoṭaya sphoṭaya ucchādaya ucchādaya śīghraṃ karma kuru kuru. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.199

Skt. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa grasa grasa kha kha khāhi khāhi śoṣaya śoṣaya mara mara māraya māraya amukaṃ hūṁ phaṭ.

n.200

Skt. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa amukam uccāṭaya hūṁ phaṭ.

n.201

Skt. oṁ dveṣaṇe dveṣavajre amukaṃ amukena vidveṣaya. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.202

The Tibetan is unclear; it omits “One should draw the stool at its anus” and only says “One should perform controlling on its back.”

n.203

Instead of “throw it down at one’s feet,” the Tibetan has “wrap it in a rag with which one has washed one’s feet.”

n.204

Skt. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hrīṁ hrīṁ hroṁ ghorarūpe caṭa pracaṭa pracaṭa hana hana ghāṭaya ghāṭaya haha haha prasphura prasphura prasphāraya prasphāraya kīlaya kīlaya jambhaya jambhaya stambhaya stambhaya amukaṃ hūṁ phaṭ.

n.205

Skt. oṁ cili mili lalite hūṁ phaṭ.

n.206

Skt. oṁ cchrīṁ cchrīṁ cchrīṁ śoṣaya śoṣaya dhāraā?ṃ bandha bandha. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.207

Skt. oṁ vajriṇi vajraṃ pātaya surapatir ājñāpayati. jvālaya jvālaya. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa hūṁ phaṭ.

n.208

Skt. oṁ hrīṁ klīṁ traṁ yūṁ yamamathane ākaḍḍa ākaḍḍa kṣobhaya kṣobhaya sarvakāmaprasādhane hūṁ hūṁ phaṭ phaṭ svāhā.

n.209

Skt. oṁ ākarṣa ākarṣa mohaya mohaya amukīṃ me vaśīkuru svāhā.

n.210

This pāda in the Tibetan is: “Two wings of a bee in flight” (’phur bzhin pa’i sbrang ma’i gshog pa dang).

n.211

The Tibetan has “limbs and feet” (yan lag dang rkang pa).

n.212

The Sanskrit has amended the Tibetan reading: oṁ śvetagṛdhṛṇi khāhi viṣaṃ ca ruṣaṃ ca khaḥ khaḥ ha ha saḥ saḥ. oṁ caṇḍamahāsena ājñāpayati svāhā. The Sanskrit manuscript B reads: oṁ śvetagṛṣiṇi gridhini khāhi viṣa ca ruṣiṇi khaḥ…, and so on.

n.213

Skt. oṁ saṃkāriṇi dhraṁ hāṁ hūṁ haṁ haḥ.

n.214

Instead of “a piece of paper placed at the door,” the Tibetan has: “if one ties an incanted piece of garment silk above the door of one’s house.”

n.215

Skt. oṁ nāgāri vāmanaharaḥ phaṭ.

n.216

The meaning of the phrase āṇe kāṇe is uncertain.

n.217

Skt. oṁ āṇe kāṇe amukiṃ vaśīkuru svāhā.

n.218

Skt. namo vītarāgāya maitreyasiṃhalocani (?) svāhā. This reading seems corrupt.

n.219

Skt. oṁ saphara khaḥ. The meaning of this is uncertain. In the Tibetan, the whole paragraph is transliterated.

n.220

Skt. ādityasya rathavegena vāsudevabalena ca garuḍapakṣapātena bhūmyāṃ gacchatu viṣaṃ svāhā.

n.221

Skt. oṁ cāmuṇḍe 'jite 'parājite rakṣa rakṣa svāhā.

n.222

Skt. oṁ jambhanī stambhanī mohanī sarvaduṣṭapraśamanī svāhā.

n.223

Skt. namaś caṇḍamahākrodhāya hulu hulu culu culu tiṣṭha tiṣṭha bandha bandha moha moha hana hana amṛte hūṁ phaṭ.

n.224

Skt. namo ratnatrayāya. oṁ ṭaḥ suvismare svāhā.

n.225

Skt. oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa sarvamāyādarśaka sarvamāyāṃ nidarśaya nirvighne hūṁ phaṭ.

n.226

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.227

This passage is rather unclear.

n.228

The correct translation of citra is uncertain. Guessing from the context, this could be a variant spelling of śvitra (vitiligo).

n.229

Skt. oṁ kākakuhanī kruddhanī devadattaṃ kākena bhakṣāpaya svāhā.

n.230

After “woman,” the Tibetan adds: “who has given birth to progeny.”

n.231

Again the meaning of citra is uncertain.

n.232

muṇḍīrī and śevāla/sevāla could not be identified with reasonable certainty.

n.233

Oṣaṇī has not been identified.

n.234

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.235

The meaning of utthānaka is not clear.

n.236

The Sanskrit of this paragraph is very unclear, and therefore the translation of this passage is guesswork. The Tibetan reads as follows: “With the garland mantra, one should soak the mustard fruit with the blood of someone, douse it with the blood extracted by many weapons, and then visualize the uncleaned fluids, his ashes, and the drippings and fat from his bones. Then, having collected fat, the blood of a goat or the like, and other items in his skull, one should repeatedly enact protection and oblation rites, assiduously performing fumigation, annointment, and the like.”

n.237

This passage is also unclear in the Sanskrit. For this paragraph, the Tibetan just has: “One will become like him.”

n.238

Again this paragraph remains unsolved, and it is not clear how the specified quantities relate to the three metals. The translation here is based on the Tibetan. In the Sanskrit, a code word (or an acronym) tī is used, which could not be identified.

n.239

Skt. oṁ ākaṭṭa ākaṭṭa mohaya mohaya amukīm ākarṣaya jaḥ svāhā.

n.240

Both vaṅga and āra can be names of several plants or substances.

n.241

Translation based on the Tibetan.

n.242

Laghu can be a name of several plant species.

n.243

Unidentified. The Tibetan transliterates ṛṇṭaka as dheNDu ka.

n.244

Unidentified. The Tibetan merely transliterates kuṇṭhīrā as kuNThi ra.

n.245

Tib. “When exhalation and inhalation have both taken place / One abides in the nature of the immovable. / This is because the circulation of air declines / For as long as one lives.”

n.246

The Tibetan has: “The moon moves into the heart. / That is through the power of the sun.”

n.247

This translation is uncertain; sarasa could mean “with resin” or it could be the name of a species of tree.

n.248

This translation is uncertain; sacala could be interpreted literally as “with movement” or it could be the name of a species of grass.

n.249

Tib. “One will accomplish the lord Immovable.”

n.250

Tib. “Her left hand rests in the playful gesture, as per the treatise on love.”

n.251

For the last four lines, the Tibetan reads: “If one meditates, by means of sexual yoga / On the yoginī of Viśvavajri / Arisen from the gnosis of the syllable hūṁ / One will surely attain accomplishment.”

n.252

Skt. oṁ viśvavajri āgaccha āgaccha hūṁ svāhā.

n.253

Skt. oṁ vajrasarasvatī āgaccga āgaccha dhīḥ svāhā.

n.254

Skt. oṁ vajradhātvīśvarī āgaccha āgaccha vaṁ svāhā.

n.255

Skt. oṁ kurukulle āgaccha āgaccha hrīṁ svāhā.

n.256

Skt. oṁ tāre āgaccha āgaccha tāṁ svāhā.

n.257

There are two versions of ardhaparyaṅka posture—one sitting, the other dancing. The Tibetan reading suggests the former.

n.258

Translation based on the Tibetan. This verse is missing in the Sanskrit. From this point on until the end of this chapter, the verse numbers given here are out of step with the numbers in the Sanskrit text.

n.259

The Tibetan reads: “Standing on seats of sun disks” with the previous line.

n.260

Tib. “One joins with the supreme lord, the husband / Of all women that dwell throughout the three realms.”

n.261

The Tibetan adds: “So what need is there to mention other humans. The mantra for this is as follows: oṁ caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa bhandha bhandha name hūṁ phaṭ.”

n.262

In the Tibetan, this verse reads: “One should meditate on being with the wisdom / Who has a white lotus in her left hand / By means of oneself as blue, red, or even black Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa.”

n.263

Instead of “deity practice,” the Tibetan has “practice of the goddesses.” The Sanskrit word used here, devatī (instead of the usual devatā), could in fact suggest female deities specifically.

n.264

This sentence is missing from the Tibetan. Instead the Tibetan colophon reads: “Due to the Mahākālacakra master Sherab Senge’s request and sponsorship, which in turn was based on the kindness of the great master Rinchen Gyaltsen—the spiritual guide of the pure Mahāyāna with immeasurable knowledge, love, and activity—this was translated to completion on the tenth day of the waxing moon in the tenth month of the year of the Snake at the great temple of glorious Sakya, by the translator Trakpa Gyaltsen as based on the oral teachings of the paṇḍita Ratnaśrī.”

n.265

tasyās tu] P; tasyāpi Mss.

n.266

paṭu°] B; paṭṭa G.

n.267

gaṇacakraṃ] B; bhakṣaṇacakraṃ G.

n.268

dhyāyān] B; dhyāyen G.

n.269

°puṇḍra° B, °kāṇṭa° G.

n.270

svapneneva] G, (supported also by T); svapnenaiva A, B.

n.271

Metrical shortening of °ātmakam.

n.272

devadattaṃ] B; sarvaṃ G.

n.273

mahāviṣa°] T; mahāviṣama° Mss.

n.274

°valita°] B; balita G.

n.275

°āgartaka] B; °āvartaka G.

n.276

asamantika] B; asamantike G.

n.277

sāṭaya] G; sātaya B.

n.278

samānaya] B; samānāya G.

n.279

sphāṭaya] B; sphoṭaya G.

n.280

nirbharam] A; nirbharām G.

n.281

vā] A; ceti G.

n.282

bhīṣayan] A; bhīṣayet G.

n.283

nāpi G; nadvi° (or naddhi°) B.

n.284

atyantakāminām] A; abhyantakāminām G.

n.285

saṃmukhīṃ] A; saṃmukhe G.

n.286

Īkṣayet seems to be used here with a passive meaning (cf. Edgerton, Grammar, § 37.17).

n.287

kheṭāsa°] A; kheṭasa° G.

n.288

dattvocitālaye] A; dattvā cittālaye G.

n.289

ānarghyam] G; ānarpyam A.

n.290

upāgataḥ] A; upāgatam G.

n.291

sampātya] A; sampāṭya G.

n.292

tasyai] A; tasmai G.

n.293

dolā°] Emended on the basis of subsequent spellings (dolācālanam) in manuscript A; dola° A, G.

n.294

In manuscript A, this looks more °vāpitam than °cāpitam.

n.295

bandhaḥ] A; bandha° G.

n.296

°baddhaṃ] A; °bandhaṃ G.

n.297

dolā°] em.; dola° A, G.

n.298

dolā°] A; dola° G.

n.299

vaktraṃ] A; vakraṃ G.

n.300

°dbhūtām] A; °dbhavam G.

n.301

idaṃ] A; iti G.

n.302

°rajjuḥ] em.; °rājuḥ A; °rjuḥ G.

n.303

°sītkṛtaiḥ] conj.; sotkṛtaiḥ A, P.

n.304

dhyāyakaṃ] B, G; dhyayakaṃ A.

n.305

śramaṃ jīrya tataḥ] A, B; śrame jīryati tat° G.

n.306

icchāyatu] A; icchayātu B, icchayet tu G.

n.307

samāhitam] A; samāhitaḥ G.

n.308

tallavaṃ] P; tadevaṃ A.

n.309

bhaktādiṃ] A; bhaktādi° G.

n.310

tadutsṛṣṭaṃ] A; taducchiṣṭaṃ G.

n.311

utsṛṣṭapattre] A; ucchiṣṭayantre G.

n.312

guda°] G; gudapada° A.

n.313

°bhāgena] A; °bhogena G.

n.314

ca vāpāpaṃ ca] A; na ca vā pāpaṃ G.

n.315

°yuto] A; yukto G.

n.316

tad° A; tath° G.

n.317

māraṇārthārthacintakāḥ] B, G; māraṇārtho 'rthacintakaḥ A.

n.318

yogināṃ] A, B; yoginā G.

n.319

śūdrī] A; śūdrā G.

n.320

kāyasthī] A; kāyastrī G.

n.321

ca tariṇī] G; cauriṇī (?) A.

n.322

kulatriṇī] G; kuruttinī (?) A.

n.323

nāpitī] A; nāpiṇī G.

n.324

khaṭakī G; khādukī A.

n.325

kāṇḍa°] G; kaṇḍa° A.

n.326

°aiṣiṇām] G; °aiṣiṇīm A.

n.327

MS “A” reads “yāvat.”.

n.328

°prabhavam] conj.; °prabham A, G.

n.329

vāme] em.; vāmo A.

n.330

°svabhāvataḥ] em.; svabhāvata A.

n.331

gatiḥ] em.; gatim Mss.

n.332

sarvaṃ] conj.; sarvā A, B.

n.333

vāpi] conj.; cāpi A, B.

n.334

labhyate] conj.; labhya A, B.

n.335

sulabhaṃ] conj. (on the authority of T); durlabhaṃ A.

n.336

dūrasthasya] conj.; dūrastasya A.

n.337

khaḍgapāśakarābhyāṃ] conj.; khaḍgasya svakarābhyāṃ A, B.

n.338

sarva ājñāṃ] conj.; sarvājñāṃ A.

n.339

°mayīṃ] em.; °mayaṃ A.

n.340

lambāpayet] em.; lambāvayet A.

n.341

°paṭalayor P, B; paṭayor A.

n.342

nirmañcayitvā] em.; nimañcayitvā A .

n.343

sarvavyādhiḍākinyādyupadrave ca balir deyaḥ] om. A.

n.344

°saṃvare] em. (on the basis of T); °saṃvaraṃ Mss.

n.345

'smin] conj. (based on T); caitat (unmetrical) Mss.

n.346

parastrīharaṇaṃ naiva] om. T.

n.347

The medial “m” is added for metrical reasons.

n.348

varṇabhedopatis] The “upati” here must be a metri causa contraction of “upapati.”.

n.349

ratnāder abhāvena] A; ratnādikaṃ sabhāvena….

n.350

°ārthā° conj. (influenced by T); °ārdhā° A.

n.351

°samayān] P; °samayāna A.

n.352

dhanva° or dhandha°?.

n.353

piṇḍayitvā] A; viśundhitvā Po.

n.354

upādāna°] Po; upādānaṃ A.

n.355

aduḥkhāsukhā] A; °sukhā.

n.356

vastūnāṃ] A; vastunā Po.

n.357

°bhilāpaḥ] conj. (on the authority of T); °bhilāṣaḥ A, Po.

n.358

°grāhiṇaś] em.; °grāhiṇaḥ A; °gāhinaḥ Po.

n.359

cittacaittā vijñānāni] em.; cittacaittāḥ vijñānāni A; cittacaittavijñānāni Po.

n.360

kakkhaṭatvam] A; vākyaṃ tattvam Po.

n.361

abhiṣyanditatvam] em.; abhisyanditatvam A; abhispanditvam Po.

n.362

°prasāraṇa°] A; °prāsaraṇa° Po.

n.363

yutā] conj.; yutaḥ A; yuktā Po.

n.364

°samāpattiḥ] A; °samāvarttaye Po.

n.365

tatprāpakaṃ] A; tataḥ prāpakaṃ Po.

n.366

upādānapañcaskandhalābhaḥ] A; upādānaṃ pañcaskandhalābhaḥ Po.

n.367

°cintayan] A; °cittaṃ yena Po.

n.368

paryeṣiteti] A; praveśiteti Po.

n.369

°upadrutaś] A; upadravataś Po.

n.370

evaṃ] A; eva Po.

n.371

yojayan] A; niyojanād Po.

n.372

daurmanasyī] em.; daurmasyī A; daurmanasī Po.

n.373

upadruta] A; upadravata Po.

n.374

yaj°] A; 'yaṃ Po.

n.375

sukhaduḥkhe] A; sukhaduḥkha° Po.

n.376

aduḥkhāsukha°] Po (chosen on the authority of T); duḥkhāsukhā° A.

n.377

kāmayate iti] A; kāmayatīti Po.

n.378

tata] A; tatrā° Po.

n.379

pañca°] A; pañca Po.

n.380

duṣṭhu° A; duḥkhāḥ Po.

n.381

pañca°] A; pañca Po.

n.382

avidyādi°] A; avidyā° Po.

n.383

skandhābhāvaḥ] A; pañcaskandhābhāvaḥ Po.

n.384

roma°] A; roga° some Mss.

n.385

aśva°] em.; akṣa° A.

n.386

yaṣṭi°] Some Mss; jaṣṭi° A.

n.387

strīmūtreṇa] Most Mss; strīsūtreṇa A.

n.388

kāñjikena] om. A.

n.389

kāṃse nighṛṣya mantraṃ] conj. (cf. CMT, chap. 18, v. 31); [[OK?]]kāṃsya nighṛghyāṃ Mss.

n.390

dantakīṭako] conj. (on the authority of T); dantakaṭakaṭī A.

n.391

ārdrakaṃ] conj. (based on T); madrakaṃ B.

n.392

raktātisāra°] conj.; raktāsāra° B.

n.393

°cūrṇaṃ] em.; °cūrṇa° Mss.

n.394

brahmī°] conj.; brahma° B.

n.395

The passage starting from °vāsakaṃ in the previous paragraph and ending with °harītakī° is missing from B.

n.396

piṣṭvā] conj.; pītvā Mss.

n.397

śuṇṭhīṃ] em.; śuṇṭhī° Mss.

n.398

punarnava°] conj. (based on T); pulinava° B.

n.399

aṅgulīṃ] em.; aṅgulī Mss.

n.400

gaṇḍaḥ] em.; gaṇḍā Mss.

n.401

snuhī°] conj. (on the authority of T); snehi° Mss.

n.402

°madya°] conj.; °madyo Mss.

n.403

°āva°] conj. based on the commentary; ca B.

n.404

°āṅgī] conj.; °āṅgīṃ B.

n.405

śvetagṛdhṛṇi] em.; śvetagriddhini T; śvetagṛṣiṇi gṛdhini B.

n.406

ruṣaṃ ca] T; ruṣiṇi B.

n.407

caurī na bhavati] A; caurībhavati B.

n.408

°nigati°] A; °gaḍita° Mss.

n.409

kuryāt] A; jayati Mss.

n.410

trilohaṃ] Gt; lohaṃ B.

n.411

vidarbhitaṃ] em.; vidarbhita Mss.

n.412

dhairyaśo] em.; dhairyaśa Mss.

n.413

bhājanaṃ] em.; bhājana Mss.

n.414

tyajeta] conj.; tyajita A.

n.415

niścalaḥ] em.; niścalā A .

n.416

kumbhakena] conj.; kumbhena (unmetrical) A.

n.417

nāsy°] B; nasy° A.

n.418

dṛṣṭir uccāṭanī] conj.; dṛṣṭi A.

n.419

°samāgame G: °samāgamo B.

n.420

This word is not the dictionary, but hañchi must be an onomatopeic for sneezing (cf. hañji).

n.421

dehāpamārjana°] conj.; dehāya mārjana° A.

n.422

nāsāgrādarśanāt] conj.; nāsāgradarśanāt A.

n.423

vā] em.; vātha (unmetrical) A.

n.424

nīlāṃ] em.; nīlā A.

n.425

sarvāḥ] em.; sarvā A.

n.426

rāmadevaṃ] conj. (on the authority of T and P); vāmavāmadevaṃ (unmetrical) A.

n.427

vāme] conj. (on the authority of T); vātma A.

n.428

yoginīdvaṃdva°] P; yogidvanda° (hypometrical) A.

n.429

devatā°] em.; devatī° A.

n.430

nirodha] B, P; nidha A.

n.431

mahāśramaṇaḥ] P; mahāśravaṇaḥ A, B.

Bibliography

Tibetan Manuscript of the Root Text

dpal gtum po khro bo chen po’i rgyud kyi rgyal po dpa’ bo gcig pa zhes bya ba. Toh 431, Degé Kangyur, vol. 80 (rgyud ’bum, nga), folios 304b–343a.

Sanskrit Manuscripts of the Root Text

Ekallavīranāmacaṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram. London: Royal Asiatic Society. Ref.: Cowell 46/31.

Ekallavīranāmacaṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram. Kathmandu: National Archives of Nepal. Ref.: NGMPP 3/687, Reel no. A 994/4.

Ekallavīratantram. Kathmandu: National Archives of Nepal. Ref.: NGMPP 5/170, Reel no. B 31/11.

Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantram. Göttingen: University of Göttingen Library. Ref.: Bandurski Xc 14/43–45.

Manuscripts of the Commentary

Mahāsukhavajra, Padmāvatīnāmā Pañjikā. Kathmandu: National Archives of Nepal. Ref.: NGMPP 3/502, Reel no. B 31/7.

Secondary Sources

de la Vallée Poussin, Louis. “The Buddhist ‘Wheel of Life’ from a New Source.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (New Series) 29, no. 3 (July 1897), pp 463–70.

Dharmachakra Translation Committee. The Tantra of Siddhaikavīra (Toh 544). 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, 2016. read.84000.co

Gäng, Peter, trans. Das Tantra des Grausig-Groß-Schreklichen. Berlin: Stechapfel, 1981.

George, Christopher S., trans. and ed. The Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa Tantra, Chapters I–VIII: A Critical Edition and English Translation. New Haven, CT: American Oriental Society, 1974.

Isaacson, Harunaga (2010). The Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantra. Handout. Kathmandu: Rangjung Yeshe Institute, February 17, 2010.

——— (2006). Reflections on the Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇatantra. Handout. Kathmandu: Nepal Research Centre, August 25, 2006.

Snellgrove, David. Hevajra Tantra: A Critical Study. London: Oxford University Press, 1959.

Glossary

g.1

Absorption

ting nge ’dzin

ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན།

samādhi

State of mental absorption or one-pointed concentration.

g.2

Acala

mi g.yo ba

མི་གཡོ་བ།

Acala

Another name for Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa.

g.3

Accomplishment

dngos grub

དངོས་གྲུབ།

siddhi

An accomplishment that is the goal of sādhana.

g.4

Action-accomplishing wisdom

bya ba grub pa’i ye shes

བྱ་བ་གྲུབ་པའི་ཡེ་ཤེས།

kṛtyānuṣṭhānajñāna

One of the five wisdoms corresponding to the tathāgata Amoghasiddhi.

g.5

Ajowan

la phug

ལ་ཕུག

yavānī

Trachyspermum ammi.

g.6

Akṣobhya

mi bskyod pa

མི་བསྐྱོད་པ།

Akṣobhya

One of the five buddhas; in the system followed in the CMT, he is at the center of the maṇḍala.

g.7

All Luminous

kun tu ’od

ཀུན་ཏུ་འོད།

samantaprabhā

The eleventh bodhisattva level.

g.8

Aloe vera

gzhon nu ma

གཞོན་ནུ་མ།

kumārī

g.9

Ālokinī

lta byed ma

ལྟ་བྱེད་མ།

Ālokinī

g.10

Amitābha

’od dpag med

འོད་དཔག་མེད།

Amitābha

One of the five buddhas.

g.11

Amoghasiddhi

don yod grub pa

དོན་ཡོད་གྲུབ་པ།

Amoghasiddhi

One of the five buddhas.

g.12

Āṇā

ཨཱཎཱ།

Āṇā

Unidentified; occurs in a mantra of enthrallment.

g.13

Ananta

mtha’ yas

མཐའ་ཡས།

Ananta

One of the eight nāga kings.

g.14

Anurāginī

rjes su chags ma

རྗེས་སུ་ཆགས་མ།

Anurāginī

g.15

Apāna

thur sel

ཐུར་སེལ།

apāna

One of the five vital airs, centered in the anus.

g.16

Aparājita

gzhan gyis mi thub pa

གཞན་གྱིས་མི་ཐུབ་པ།

Aparājita

g.17

Apsaras

lha’i bu mo

ལྷའི་བུ་མོ།

apsaras

Celestial nymph.

g.18

Ārambhā

ram b+hA

རམ་བྷཱ།

Ārambhā

g.19

Ardhaparyaṅka

skyil krung phye pa

སྐྱིལ་ཀྲུང་ཕྱེ་པ།

ardhaparyaṅka

There are two versions of ardhaparyaṅka posture—one sitting, the other dancing. In the CMT, this term refers to the former.

g.20

Arjuna tree

ardzu na

ཨརྫུ་ན།

arjuna

Terminalia arjuna.

g.21

Arundhatī

a ru Na

ཨ་རུ་ཎ།

Arundhatī

The name of a star.

g.22

Asafetida

shing kun

ཤིང་ཀུན།

hiṅgu

Ferula nartex (Boiss.), Ferula foetida (Regel.)

g.23

Āśleṣa

skag

སྐག

āśleṣa

Seventh lunar asterism.

g.24

Aśoka tree

mya ngan med shing

མྱ་ངན་མེད་ཤིང་།

aśoka

Saraca indica.

g.25

Asura

lha ma yin

ལྷ་མ་ཡིན།

asura

A class of demi-gods.

g.26

Auspicious Intelligence

legs pa’i blo gros

ལེགས་པའི་བློ་གྲོས།

sādhumātī

The ninth bodhisattva level.

g.27

Avadhūtī

kun ’dar ma

ཀུན་འདར་མ།

avadhūtī

The prāṇa channel in the centre of the body.

g.28

Avalokiteśvara

spyan ras gzigs

སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས།

Avalokiteśvara

The deified bodhisattva of compassion; one of the original sixteen bodhisattvas.

g.29

Avīci Hell

mnar med pa

མནར་མེད་པ།

Avīci

g.30

Bandhūka

ban+d+hu

བནྡྷུ།

bandhūka

Pentapetes Phoenicea; bandhūka flower because of its rich red color is a standard of comparison for anything colored red.

g.31

Bastard rosewood

ga ra ka

ག་ར་ཀ

gorakṣa

Dalbergia lanceolaria.

g.32

Baṭuka

ba Tu ka

བ་ཊུ་ཀ

Baṭuka

This seems to be either another name for Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa, or an epithet referring to him, meaning “youth”.

g.33

Bawchan seed

bA gu tsi

བཱ་གུ་ཙི།

vākucī

Psoralea corylifolia , Psoralea plicata, Vernonia anthelmintica.

g.34

Bdellium

gu gul

གུ་གུལ།

guggula

g.35

Beacon of Light

’od byed pa

འོད་བྱེད་པ།

arciṣmatī

The third bodhisattva level.

g.36

Beeswax

spra tshil

སྤྲ་ཚིལ།

madana
sikthaka

g.37

Bel fruit

bil ba

བིལ་བ།

bilva

Aegle marmelos.

g.38

Belleric myrobalan

ba ru ra

བ་རུ་ར།

baheḍī

Terminalia bellirica.

g.39

Betel

go la

གོ་ལ།

tāmbūla

Piper betle.

g.40

Bhaga

bha ga

བྷ་ག

bhaga

In this text, it mostly refers to the female sexual and reproductive organs, however, this terms encompasses several meanings, including “good fortune,” “happiness,” and “majesty”; and forms the root of the word bhagavān (Blessed One).

g.41

Bhūmividārī

bhu mi bi dA rI

བྷུ་མི་བི་དཱ་རཱི།

bhūmividārī

Same as bhūmisphoṭa (?); Agaricus campestris (?)

g.42

Bhūta

’byung po

འབྱུང་པོ།

bhūta

A class of spirits.

g.43

Bhūtinī

’byung mo

འབྱུང་མོ།

bhūtinī

A female bhūta.

g.44

Bitter cucumber

iN+Da bAru NI

ཨིཎྜ་བཱརུ་ཎཱི།

indravāruṇī

g.45

Black Acala

mi g.yo ba nag po

མི་གཡོ་བ་ནག་པོ།

Kṛṣṇācala

Acala corresponding to Buddha Akṣobhya in the center of the maṇḍala.

g.46

Black earth

sa nag po

ས་ནག་པོ།

kṛṣṇamṛttikā

A type of soil (?)

g.47

Black nightshade

ka ma ci
ka ma rtsa
muN+Da ri

ཀ་མ་ཅི།
ཀ་མ་རྩ།
མུཎྜ་རི།

kāmācī
kākamācī
sundarī

Solanum nigrum.

g.48

Black pepper

pho ba ris

ཕོ་བ་རིས།

marīca

Piper nigrum.

g.49

Black plum

dzam bu

ཛམ་བུ།

jambū

Syzygium cumini.

g.50

Blue lotus

ut+pala

ཨུཏྤལ།

utpala

Nymphaea caerulea (?)

g.51

Bodhi tree

a shwad tha

ཨ་ཤྭད་ཐ།

aśvattha

Ficus religiosa, the species of fig tree under which the Buddha attained awakening.

g.52

Bodhisattva level

ས།

bhūmi

Level of the realization of a bodhisattva; according to the general Mahāyāna, there are ten bodhisattva levels; according to Vajrayāna, thirteen.

g.53

Borax

tsha la

ཚ་ལ།

ṭaṅgaṇa
ṭaṅgaṇakṣāra?

g.54

Brahmā

tshangs pa

ཚངས་པ།

Brahmā

One of the three principal Hindu gods.

g.55

Brahmaduhitā

tshangs pa’i bu mo

ཚངས་པའི་བུ་མོ།

Brahmaduhitā

g.56

Buffalo spinach

hi la mi ci

ཧི་ལ་མི་ཅི།

hilamocī

Enhydra fluctuans.

g.57

Butterfly pea

a pa ra dzi
a pa ra dzi ta dkar po

ཨ་པ་ར་ཛི།
ཨ་པ་ར་ཛི་ཏ་དཀར་པོ།

aparājitā
śvetāparajitā

Clitoria ternatea.

g.58

Calumny Vajrī

phra ma rdo rje ma

ཕྲ་མ་རྡོ་རྗེ་མ།

Piśunavajrī

Consort of Yellow Acala.

g.59

Camphor

ga bur
ka stu ra

ག་བུར།
ཀ་སྟུ་ར།

karpūra

Cinnamomum camphora.

g.60

Cāmuṇḍā

tsa muN+DA

ཙ་མུཎྜཱ།

Cāmuṇḍā

Normally regarded as a Hindu goddess (a form of Durgā), in the CMT she is invoked to protect from theft.

g.61

Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa

gtum po khro bo chen po
gtum po khro bo
gtum po

གཏུམ་པོ་ཁྲོ་བོ་ཆེན་པོ།
གཏུམ་པོ་ཁྲོ་བོ།
གཏུམ་པོ།

Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa
Caṇḍaroṣa
Caṇḍa

The chief deity of the CMT.

g.62

Caṇḍī

gtum mo

གཏུམ་མོ།

Caṇḍī

Another name for Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa’s consort.

g.63

Candrakāntā

zla ’od ma

ཟླ་འོད་མ།

Candrakāntā

g.64

Caryātantra

sbyod rgyud

སྦྱོད་རྒྱུད།

Caryātantra

The second class of tantra in most systems of tantra classification (the other classes being, in the fivefold classification, Kriyātantra, Yogatantra, Yogottaratantra, and Yoganiruttaratantra).

g.65

Castor-oil plant

e raN+Da

ཨེ་རཎྜ།

eraṇḍa

Ricinus communis.

g.66

Caurī

tsau ra

ཙཽ་ར།

Caurī

g.67

Chaff tree

a pa mar+ga

ཨ་པ་མརྒ།

apāmārga

Achyranthes aspera.

g.68

Channel

rtsa

རྩ།

nāḍi
nāḍī

A prāṇa channel in the subtle body.

g.69

Churning method

srub pa’i sbyor ba

སྲུབ་པའི་སྦྱོར་བ།

manthānayoga

A method of generating a deity in visualization (out of male and female sexual fluids mixed in the vagina).

g.70

Cibikuṇḍalin

bi ci kuN+Da li

བི་ཅི་ཀུཎྜ་ལི།

Cibikuṇḍalin

God of wealth.

g.71

Citrā

nag pa

ནག་པ།

citrā

The twelfth (sometimes the fourteenth) lunar asterism.

g.72

Citron

bI dza pU ra ka

བཱི་ཛ་པཱུ་ར་ཀ

bījapūra

Citrus medica.

g.73

Citron

ma tu lung ka

མ་ཏུ་ལུང་ཀ

mātulunga

Citrus medica.

g.74

Clay from an anthill

grog mkhar gyi sa

གྲོག་མཁར་གྱི་ས།

vālmīkamṛd

g.75

Clearing nut

ka Ta kaM

ཀ་ཊ་ཀཾ།

kataka

Strychnos potatorum.

g.76

Cloud of Dharma

chos kyi sprin

ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྤྲིན།

dharmameghā

The tenth bodhisattva level.

g.77

Cluster fig

u dum bA ra

ཨུ་དུམ་བཱ་ར།

uḍumbara
udumbara

Ficus glomerata.

g.78

Coconut

na ri ke la

ན་རི་ཀེ་ལ།

nārikela
nāḍikela

g.79

Collyrium made from the vitriol of copper

mig sman

མིག་སྨན།

rasāñjana

g.80

Common milk hedge

sha ri khaN+Da

ཤ་རི་ཁཎྜ།

snuhī

Euphorbia neriifolia.

g.81

Costus

ru rta

རུ་རྟ།

kuṣṭha

Saussurea costus.

g.82

Country mallow

ba lA
bA la

བ་ལཱ།
བཱ་ལ།

balā

Sida cordifolia.

g.83

Cowitch

ka pi kats+tsha

ཀ་པི་ཀཙྪ།

kapikacchu
ātmaguptā

Mucuna pruriens.

g.84

Cowrie shell

’gron bu

འགྲོན་བུ།

kapardaka

g.85

Crape jasmine

ta ga ra

ཏ་ག་ར།

tagara

Tabernaemontana coronaria.

g.86

Cubeb

kaM kA laM ko

ཀཾ་ཀཱ་ལཾ་ཀོ

kaṅkola

Piper cubeba florence.

g.87

Cumin

zi ra

ཟི་ར།

jīraka

Cuminum cyminum.

g.88

Cupola

’gram

འགྲམ།

kapolaka

A cupola covering each of the four gates of the maṇḍala.

g.89

Cutch tree

seng ldeng

སེང་ལྡེང་།

khadira

Acacia catechu.

g.90

Ḍākinī

mkha’ ’gro ma

མཁའ་འགྲོ་མ།

ḍākinī

A class of female deities; a class of female nonhuman beings.

g.91

Daṇḍa

dbyug gu

དབྱུག་གུ

daṇḍa

A staff; punishment; the duration of a single breath (from the moment of inhalation until the moment of the next inhalation).

g.92

Date tree

khardzu ra

ཁརྫུ་ར།

kharjura
kharjūra

Phoenix sylvestre Roxb.

g.93

Dedicate the merit

bsngo ba

བསྔོ་བ།

pariṇāma

Transformation; in the context of a sādhana, this is the dedication of merit.

g.94

Delusion Vajrī

gti mug rdo rje ma

གཏི་མུག་རྡོ་རྗེ་མ།

Mohavajrī

Consort of White Acala.

g.95

Dhak

pa lA sha

པ་ལཱ་ཤ།

palāśa
palāśaka
kiṃśuka

Butea monosperma, Butea frondosa.

g.96

Dhāraṇī

gzungs

གཟུངས།

dhāraṇī

A magical formula invoking a particular deity for a particular purpose; dhāraṇīs are longer than most mantras, and their application is more specialized.

g.97

Dharmakāya

chos kyi sku

ཆོས་ཀྱི་སྐུ།

dharmakāya

The “body of phenomena,” one of the three (sometimes four) bodies of the Buddha.

g.98

Doob grass

dUr ba

དཱུར་བ།

dūrvā
dūrva

Cynodon dactylon.

g.99

Double vajra

sna tshogs rdo rje

སྣ་ཚོགས་རྡོ་རྗེ།

viśvavajra

Two crossed vajras.

g.100

Downy datura

dhu tu ra

དྷུ་ཏུ་ར།

dhustura
dhustūra
dhattūra
kanaka
unmattaka

Datura metel.

g.101

Driving away

skrod pa

སྐྲོད་པ།

uccāṭana

A type of magical activity aiming to render a person homeless, or drive away non-human beings.

g.102

Droṇapuṣpaka

dro na puSh+Ta

དྲོ་ན་པུཥྚ།

droṇapuṣpaka

Leucas cephalotes.

g.103

Drumstick tree

sho bha dzna

ཤོ་བྷ་ཛན།

śaubhāñjana

Moringa oleifera.

g.104

Dry ginger

sga
bca’ sga
sga skya

སྒ།
བཅའ་སྒ།
སྒ་སྐྱ།

śuṇṭhī
śuṇṭhi

Zingiber officinale.

g.105

Dūta

pho nya

ཕོ་ཉ།

dūta

A class of nonhuman beings; the name literally means “messenger,” which could imply that these beings can be employed as messengers through magical rites.

g.106

Dwarf morning glory

biSh+Nu krAn+ta

བིཥྞུ་ཀྲཱནྟ།

viṣṇukrāntā

Evolvulus alsinoides.

g.107

Earthworm

bhu la ta

བྷུ་ལ་ཏ།

bhūmilatā

g.108

Effigy

gzugs brnyan

གཟུགས་བརྙན།

puttalikā

An effigy used in sympathetic magic.

g.109

Egg-of-Brahmā

tshangs pa’i sgo nga

ཚངས་པའི་སྒོ་ང།

brahmāṇḍa

Metaphor, from the Purāṇas, for the world or universe.

g.110

Elephant wood-apple

ka pi t+tha

ཀ་པི་ཏྠ།

kapittha

Limonia elephantianum (Correa), Feronia limonia (Linn).

g.111

Emblic myrobalan

skyu ru ra

སྐྱུ་རུ་ར།

āmalakī

Phyllanthus emblica.

g.112

Enriching

rgyas pa

རྒྱས་པ།

puṣṭi
poṣaṇa
pauṣṭika

One of the four main types of enlightened activity.

g.113

Enthralling

dbang ba

དབང་བ།

vaśya
vaśa
vaśīkaraṇa

One of the four main types of enlightened activity.

g.114

Enthrallment

dbang ba

དབང་བ།

vaśya
vaśa
vaśīkaraṇa

One of the four main types of enlightened activity.

g.115

Envy Vajrī

phrag dog rdo rje ma

ཕྲག་དོག་རྡོ་རྗེ་མ།

Īrṣyāvajrī

Consort of Green ‌Acala.

g.116

Facing Directly

mngon du gyur pa

མངོན་དུ་གྱུར་པ།

abhimukhī

The sixth bodhisattva level.

g.117

False black pepper

byi tang ka
bi DaM ga

བྱི་ཏང་ཀ
བི་ཌཾ་ག

viḍaṅga

Embelia ribes, or Embelia tsjeriam-cottam.

g.118

False daisy

b+hr-ing ga rA dza

བྷྲྀང་ག་རཱ་ཛ།

bhṛṅgarāja

Eclipta prostrata.

g.119

Fast

gso sbyong

གསོ་སྦྱོང་།

poṣadha

A ritual observance involving fasting.

g.120

Female hell-being

dmyal ba mo

དམྱལ་བ་མོ།

nārakī

g.121

Female hungry ghost

yi dwags mo

ཡི་དྭགས་མོ།

pretikā

g.122

Fierce Great Anger

tsaN+De mahA kro d+ha

ཙཎྜེ་མཧཱ་ཀྲོ་དྷ།

Caṇḍamahākrodha

This seems to be an epithet of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa.

g.123

Firefly

srin bu me khyer

སྲིན་བུ་མེ་ཁྱེར།

khajyotis
khadyota

g.124

First day of the bright fortnight

dkar po’i tshes gcig

དཀར་པོའི་ཚེས་གཅིག

śuklapratipad

g.125

First day of the dark fortnight

nag po’i tshes gcig

ནག་པོའི་ཚེས་གཅིག

kṛṣṇapratipad

g.126

Five aggregates

phung po lnga

ཕུང་པོ་ལྔ།

pañcaskandha

The five “aggregates” comprising a living being.

g.127

Five buddhas

sangs rgyas lnga

སངས་རྒྱས་ལྔ།

pañcabuddha

The five, in the CMT system, are Akṣobhya (in the centre), Vairocana (in the east), Ratnasambhava (in the south), Amitābha (in the west), and Amoghasiddhi (in the north).

g.128

Five disciplines

bslab pa lnga

བསླབ་པ་ལྔ།

pañcaśikṣā

g.129

Five empowerments

dbang lnga

དབང་ལྔ།

pañcābhiṣeka

g.130

Five impurities

dri ma lnga

དྲི་མ་ལྔ།

pañcamala

g.131

Five inexpiable actions

mtshams med lnga

མཚམས་མེད་ལྔ།

pañcānantaryakṛta

g.132

Five pledges

dam tshig lnga

དམ་ཚིག་ལྔ།

pañcasamaya

g.133

Five products of a cow

ba’i rnam pa lnga

བའི་རྣམ་པ་ལྔ།

pañcagavya

Milk, curds, butter, urine and dung.

g.134

Five sense objects

’dod yon lnga

འདོད་ཡོན་ལྔ།

pañcakāma

g.135

Five superknowledges

mngon shes lnga

མངོན་ཤེས་ལྔ།

pañcābhijñā

g.136

Flea tree

sha ri sa

ཤ་རི་ས།

śirīṣa

Albizzia lebbeck Benth. (Acacia Sirissa.)

g.137

Fortnight

phyogs

ཕྱོགས།

pakṣa

g.138

Four concentrations

bsam gtan bzhi

བསམ་གཏན་བཞི།

caturdhyāna

g.139

Four gazes

lta stang bzhi

ལྟ་སྟང་བཞི།

caturdṛṣṭi

Four gazes employed for the four activities: enthralling, summoning, killing, and paralyzing.

g.140

Four immeasurable states

tshad med pa’i gnas gzhi

ཚད་མེད་པའི་གནས་གཞི།

caturbrahmavihāra

Immeasurable loving kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, and impartiality.

g.141

Four joys

dga’ bzhi
dga’ ba bzhi

དགའ་བཞི།
དགའ་བ་བཞི།

caturānandāḥ

The four types of bliss arising during sexual intercourse, the full understanding of which leads to liberation.

g.142

Four truths

bden pa bzhi

བདེན་པ་བཞི།

catuḥsatya

The four Noble Truths as taught by the Buddha, i.e. the truth of suffering, and so forth.

g.143

Free from mental elaboration

sprod pa med pa

སྤྲོད་པ་མེད་པ།

niṣprapañca

Free from concepts or mental fabrications.

g.144

Fresh ginger

sge gsher

སྒེ་གཤེར།

ārdraka

Zingiber officinale

g.145

Gajapippalī

glang chen pi pi ling

གླང་ཆེན་པི་པི་ལིང་།

gajapippalī
hastipippalī

Scindapsis officinalis.

g.146

Gamboge

sa skyur mo

ས་སྐྱུར་མོ།

kāṅguṣṭha
kāṅkuṣṭha

The solidified resin of Garcinia morella.

g.147

Gaṇacakra feast

tshogs kyi ’khor lo

ཚོགས་ཀྱི་འཁོར་ལོ།

gaṇacakra

A ritual feast for different classes of nonhuman beings.

g.148

Gaṇapati

tshogs bdag

ཚོགས་བདག

Gaṇapati

One of the Hindu gods, often identified with Gaṇeśa.

g.149

Gandharva

dri za

དྲི་ཟ།

gandharva

A class of semidivine beings sometimes referred to as heavenly musicians.

g.150

Gandharvī

dri za mo

དྲི་ཟ་མོ།

gandharvī

Female gandharva.

g.151

Garland mantra

phreng ba’i sngags

ཕྲེང་བའི་སྔགས།

mālāmantra

A mantra that surrounds the central item in a diagram or magical drawing.

g.152

Garuḍa

’khyung

འཁྱུང་།

garuḍa

A class of semi-divine bird-like beings.

g.153

Gaurī

gau rI

གཽ་རཱི།

Gaurī

g.154

Giant milkweed

ar ka

ཨར་ཀ

arka

Calotropis gigantea.

g.155

Goddess of the Vajra Realm

rdo rje dbyings kyi dbang phyug ma

རྡོ་རྗེ་དབྱིངས་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག་མ།

Vajradhātvīśvarī

Consort of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa. See also “Vajra realm.”

g.156

Going Far

ring du song ba

རིང་དུ་སོང་བ།

dūraṅgamā

The seventh bodhisattva level.

g.157

Gopā

go pA

གོ་པཱ།

Gopā

The name of Buddha’s wife as found in some texts, including the Lalitavistara; the name of Buddha’s tantric consort.

g.158

Graha

gza’

གཟའ།

graha

Eclipse; a class of spirits causing possession.

g.159

Great Strength

stobs po che

སྟོབས་པོ་ཆེ།

Mahābala

g.160

Great Vajra of Poison

ma hA bi Sha badz+ra

མ་ཧཱ་བི་ཥ་བཛྲ།

Mahāviṣavajra

g.161

Green Acala

mi g.yo ba ljang gu

མི་གཡོ་བ་ལྗང་གུ

Śyāmācala

Acala corresponding to Buddha Amoghasiddhi in the north of the maṇḍala.

g.162

Halāhala

ha la ha la

ཧ་ལ་ཧ་ལ།

halāhala

A species of snake, or the poison from this snake.

g.163

Hārītī

’phrog ma

འཕྲོག་མ།

Hārītī

A yakṣiṇī; after conversion to Buddhadharma she became the protectress of children.

g.164

Hasta

lag pa

ལག་པ།

hasta

Hand (body part); cubit (unit of length); the eleventh (sometimes thirteenth) lunar asterism.

g.165

Hatred Vajrī

zhe sdang rdo rje ma

ཞེ་སྡང་རྡོ་རྗེ་མ།

Dveṣavajrī

Consort of Black ‌Acala.

g.166

Hatriṇī

hA Di

ཧཱ་ཌི།

hatriṇī

g.167

Heart mantra

snying po’i sngags

སྙིང་པོའི་སྔགས།

hṛdayamantra

g.168

Hell being

dmyal ba pa

དམྱལ་བ་པ།

nāraka

g.169

Hogweed

pu nar pa

པུ་ནར་པ།

punarnava

Boerhaavia diffusa.

g.170

Hungry ghost

yi dwags

ཡི་དྭགས།

preta

A class of beings suffering interminable hunger and thirst.

g.171

Immovable

mi g.yo ba

མི་གཡོ་བ།

acalā

The eighth bodhisattva level; see also Acala (the masculine form), another name of the deity Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa.

g.172

Impatient One

a sa ha

ཨ་ས་ཧ།

Asaha

g.173

Incant

mngon par bsngags

མངོན་པར་བསྔགས།

abhimantr
parijap

To imbue something with power by reciting the mantra over it.

g.174

Indian bowstring hemp

nA ga da ma na ka

ནཱ་ག་ད་མ་ན་ཀ

nāgadamana

Sansevieria roxburghiana.

g.175

Indian heliotrope

ha sti shuN+Ti

ཧ་སྟི་ཤུཎྚི།

hastiśuṇḍī

Heliotropium indicum (?)

g.176

Indian heliotrope

sgog skya

སྒོག་སྐྱ།

śuṇḍī

Heliotropium indicum.

g.177

Indian licorice

g+huny+dza

གྷུཉྫ།

guñjā
guñja

Abrus precatorius.

g.178

Indian mallow

a ti ba la

ཨ་ཏི་བ་ལ།

atibalā

Abutilon indicum.

g.179

Indian oleander

ka ra bI ra

ཀ་ར་བཱི་ར།

karavīra

Nerium indicum.

g.180

Indian pennywort

tshangs ma

ཚངས་མ།

brahmī
brāhmī

Bacopa monnieri.

g.181

Indian sesbania

dza yan ti

ཛ་ཡན་ཏི།

jayantī

Sesbania sesban.

g.182

Indian spikenard

spang spos

སྤང་སྤོས།

māṃsī
jaṭāmāṃsī

Nardostachys jatamansi, Nardostachys grandiflora.

g.183

Indian stinging nettle

za’i lo ma

ཟའི་ལོ་མ།

vṛścikapattrikā
vṛścikapātrikā

Traquia involucrata.

g.184

Indian valerian

puN+Da ta ga ra

པུཎྜ་ཏ་ག་ར།

piṇḍatagara

Valeriana wallichii (more likely), Tabernaemontana crispa (less likely).

g.185

Indigo plant

rams

རམས།

nīlī
nalikā

Indigofera tinctoria.

g.186

Indra

brgya byin

བརྒྱ་བྱིན།

Indra

One of the principal Hindu gods, the leader of the gods of the realm of Thirty-Three.

g.187

Infusion

thang

ཐང་།

kvātha

g.188

Innate joy

lhan cig skyes pa’i dga’ ba

ལྷན་ཅིག་སྐྱེས་པའི་དགའ་བ།

sahajānanda

Although referred to as the “fourth” in the fourfold division of the joys, the innate joy does not fit into a sequential order in quite the same way as the other three joys. It is first discerned when the supreme joy gives way to the joy of cessation, and is gradually extended through practice until it becomes ever present.

g.189

Inverted conduct

sdom pa phyin ci log pa

སྡོམ་པ་ཕྱིན་ཅི་ལོག་པ།

viparītasaṃvara

Refers to unconventional practices of a tantric yogin.

g.190

Invincible

shin tu sbyang dka’ ba

ཤིན་ཏུ་སྦྱང་དཀའ་བ།

sudurjayā

The fifth bodhisattva level.

g.191

Ivory tree

cang skyer
dug mo nyung

ཅང་སྐྱེར།
དུག་མོ་ཉུང་།

kuṭaja

Holarrhena pubescens.

g.192

Jambhala

dzam bha la

ཛམ་བྷ་ལ།

Jambhala

God of wealth.

g.193

Jasmine

dza tI

ཛ་ཏཱི།

jātī

Jasminum grandiflorum.

g.194

Joy

dga’ ba

དགའ་བ།

ānanda

Joy in general; the first of the four joys of sexual experience.

g.195

Joy of cessation

khyad par dga’ ba

ཁྱད་པར་དགའ་བ།

viramānanda

The third of the four types of joy.

g.196

Joyful

rab tu dga’ ba

རབ་ཏུ་དགའ་བ།

muditā

The first bodhisattva level.

g.197

Jujube

rag chung

རག་ཆུང་།

badara

g.198

Kāmadeva

’dod lha

འདོད་ལྷ།

Kāmadeva

God of love; the name of a vetāla.

g.199

Kāmeśvarī

’dod pa’i dbang phyug ma

འདོད་པའི་དབང་ཕྱུག་མ།

Kāmeśvarī

g.200

Kañcanamālā

dbang phreng ma

དབང་ཕྲེང་མ།

Kañcanamālā

g.201

Kāpālika

thod pa can

ཐོད་པ་ཅན།

kāpālika

A class of wandering ascetics.

g.202

Karṣa

ཞོ།

karṣa

A unit of weight equal to 280 grains troy, or sometimes 176 grains troy.

g.203

Kartri knife

gri gug

གྲི་གུག

kartri

A ritual knife meant for flaying skin.

g.204

Ketu

du ba

དུ་བ།

Ketu

A comet or a falling star personified.

g.205

Khaskhas grass

u shi ra

ཨུ་ཤི་ར།

uśīra

Vetiveris zizanioides.

g.206

Kidney bean

sran ma

སྲན་མ།

māṣa

Phaseolus mungo, Vigna mungo.

g.207

Killing

gsad pa

གསད་པ།

māraṇa

One of the four main types of enlightened activity.

g.208

Kiṃnara

mi ’am ci

མི་འམ་ཅི།

kiṃnara

A class of semidivine beings known for their musical skills, depicted as half-horse and half-human, or half-bird and half-human.

g.209

Kiṃnarī

mi ’am ci mo

མི་འམ་ཅི་མོ།

kiṃnarī

A female kiṃnara.

g.210

Kokila

ko ki la

ཀོ་ཀི་ལ།

Kokila

An asura in one of the variants of the maṇḍala of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa.

g.211

Kriyātantra

bya rgyud

བྱ་རྒྱུད།

kriyātantra

The first class of tantra in most systems of tantra classification (the other classes being, in the fivefold classification, Caryātantra, Yogatantra, Yogottaratantra, and Yoganiruttaratantra).

g.212

Kubera

lus ngan

ལུས་ངན།

Kubera

The god of wealth.

g.213

Kumbhaka

kum bha ka
bum pa can

ཀུམ་བྷ་ཀ
བུམ་པ་ཅན།

kumbhaka

Inhalation (one of the four stages during a single breath).

g.214

Kumbhāṇḍa

grul bum

གྲུལ་བུམ།

kumbhāṇḍa

A class of nonhuman beings.

g.215

Kuṇḍalahāriṇī

kuN+Da la ha ri NI

ཀུཎྜ་ལ་ཧ་རི་ཎཱི།

Kuṇḍalahāriṇī

g.216

Kuṇṭḥīrā

kun thir

ཀུན་ཐིར།

kuṇṭḥīrā

g.217

Kurukullā

ku ru ku l+lA

ཀུ་རུ་ཀུ་ལླཱ།

Kurukullā

The Buddhist goddess of enthrallment related to or emanating from Tārā.

g.218

Lac

rgya skyegs

རྒྱ་སྐྱེགས།

lākṣā

g.219

Lakṣmī

dpal mo

དཔལ་མོ།

Lakṣmī

The Hindu goddess of prosperity.

g.220

Lalanā

brkyang ma

བརྐྱང་མ།

lalanā

The prāṇa channel on the left side of the body.

g.221

Large eggplant

bri ha ti

བྲི་ཧ་ཏི།

bṛhatī

Solanum indicum.

g.222

Leadwort

ci tra ka

ཅི་ཏྲ་ཀ

citraka

Plumbago zeylanica.

g.223

Locanā

spyan ma

སྤྱན་མ།

Locanā

A female deity in one of the variants of the maṇḍala of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa; also the name of the consort of Ratnasambhava.

g.224

Locust

cha ga ba

ཆ་ག་བ།

śalaṃga

g.225

Long pepper

pi pi ling

པི་པི་ལིང་།

pippalī

Piper longum.

g.226

Loofah

gho Sha

གྷོ་ཥ།

ghoṣaka

Luffa aegyptiaca.

g.227

Lotus

pad+ma

པདྨ།

padma

The lotus flower or plant; euphemistic name for the female genital organ.

g.228

Mahāmudra

phyag rgya chen po

ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ།

mahāmudra

A very advanced practice that combines wisdom and means.

g.229

Maheśvara

dbang phyug chen po

དབང་ཕྱུག་ཆེན་པོ།

Maheśvara

One of the epithets of Śiva.

g.230

Māhilla

maha’i NaM

མཧའི་ཎཾ།

Māhilla

A vetāla in one of the variants of the maṇḍala of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa.

g.231

Mahoraga

lto ’phye chen po

ལྟོ་འཕྱེ་ཆེན་པོ།

mahoraga

A class of nonhuman beings.

g.232

Maitreyasiṃhalocanī

mai tre ya siM ha lo tsa ne

མཻ་ཏྲེ་ཡ་སིཾ་ཧ་ལོ་ཙ་ནེ།

Maitreyasiṃhalocanī

A goddess invoked in a mantra to cure blindness.

g.233

Malabar nut

bA sha ka

བཱ་ཤ་ཀ

vāsaka
vāsā

Justicia adhatoda.

g.234

Māmakī

mA ma kI

མཱ་མ་ཀཱི།

Māmakī

Consort of Ratnasambhava.

g.235

Maṇḍala of powders

rdul tshon dkyil ’khor

རྡུལ་ཚོན་དཀྱིལ་འཁོར།

rajomaṇḍala

A maṇḍala created with colored powders.

g.236

Mango

amra

ཨམྲ།

sahakāra
āmra

Mangifera indica

g.237

Maṇibhadra

nor bu bzang po

ནོར་བུ་བཟང་པོ།

Maṇibhadra

God of wealth.

g.238

Mañjuśrī

’jam dpal

འཇམ་དཔལ།

Mañjuśrī

The deified bodhisattva of wisdom; one of the original sixteen bodhisattvas.

g.239

Mantrayāna

sngags kyi theg pa

སྔགས་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ།

mantrayāna

The “Mantra Vehicle,” which is another name for Vajrayāna.

g.240

Māra

bdud

བདུད།

Māra

An obstacle maker; a personification of evil.

g.241

Mardala drum

rnga bo che

རྔ་བོ་ཆེ།

mardala

g.242

Marking nut

bhalla ta ka

བྷལླ་ཏ་ཀ

bhallātaka

Semecarpus anacardium.

g.243

Marsh barbel

ko ki lA kya

ཀོ་ཀི་ལཱ་ཀྱ།

kokilākṣa
kokilākhya

Hygrophila auriculata.

g.244

Māṣa

ma Sha

མ་ཥ།

māṣa

A unit of weight equal to 17 grains troy.

g.245

Māṣa pulses

ma Sa

མ་Sཨ།

māṣa

Phaseolus radiatus.

g.246

Māṣaka

drug nam

དྲུག་ནམ།

māṣaka

A unit of weight equal to 26 grains of rice.

g.247

Matchless

dpe med pa

དཔེ་མེད་པ།

nirupamā

The twelfth bodhisattva level.

g.248

Māyādevī

lha mo sgyu ’phrul

ལྷ་མོ་སྒྱུ་འཕྲུལ།

Māyādevī

Buddha’s mother.

g.249

Means

thabs

ཐབས།

upāya

See “skillful means.”

g.250

Mental construct

rnam par rtog pa

རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ།

saṃkalpa

Any type of dualistic concept or idea.

g.251

Midnight horror

sho na ka

ཤོ་ན་ཀ

śyonāka

Oroxylum indicum.

g.252

Mirror-like wisdom

me long lta bu’i ye shes

མེ་ལོང་ལྟ་བུའི་ཡེ་ཤེས།

ādarśajñāna

One of the five wisdoms corresponding to the tathāgata Akṣobhya or Vairocana (depending on the system).

g.253

Molasses

la si kaM

ལ་སི་ཀཾ།

rasikā

g.254

Moon

ri bong can
zla ba

རི་བོང་ཅན།
ཟླ་བ།

śaśin
candra

g.255

Moonseed

sle tres

སླེ་ཏྲེས།

guḍūcī

Tinaspora cordifolia.

g.256

Moth

phye ma leb

ཕྱེ་མ་ལེབ།

pataṃga

g.257

Mudrā

phyag rgya

ཕྱག་རྒྱ།

mudrā

A position of hands, also the “source” deity visualized at the top of the head.

g.258

Mūla

rtsa ba

རྩ་བ།

mūla

The root (literally and figuratively); also the seventeenth (sometimes the nineteenth) lunar asterism.

g.259

Muṇḍirī

muN+Da rI

མུཎྜ་རཱི།

muṇḍirī
muṇḍīrī

Not identified, but perhaps Nardostachys jatamansi (?).

g.260

Musk

gla ba

གླ་བ།

kastūrī

g.261

Mustard

ske tshe

སྐེ་ཚེ།

rājikā
sarṣapa

Brassica juncea.

g.262

Mustard

yungs kar

ཡུངས་ཀར།

sarṣapa

This plant has several edible varieties.

g.263

Nāga

ཀླུ།

nāga

A class of nonhuman beings, half-human and half-snake.

g.264

Nāgakesara

nA ga ge sa ra

ནཱ་ག་གེ་ས་ར།

nāgakesara
nāgakeśara
nāgeśvara

Mesua ferrea; cobra’s saffron.

g.265

Nāginī

klu mo

ཀླུ་མོ།

nāginī
nāgī

Female nāga.

g.266

Nairañjanā

nai rany+dza nA

ནཻ་རཉྫ་ནཱ།

Nairañjanā

The river where the Buddha used to meditate.

g.267

Naravīrā

na ra d+hi ra

ན་ར་དྷི་ར།

Naravīrā

g.268

Naṭī

nu Di

ནུ་ཌི།

Naṭī

In the Tibetan, Śyāmā and Naṭi are confounded into one, sh+ya ma nu Di).

g.269

Naṭṭā

gar ma

གར་མ།

Naṭṭā

g.270

Negro coffee

kA sha mar d+ha

ཀཱ་ཤ་མར་དྷ།

kāsamarda
kāsamardaka

Cassia occidentalis.

g.271

Nerve of Vajradhātvīśvarī

rdo rje dbying kyi dbang phyug ma’i rtsa

རྡོ་རྗེ་དབྱིང་ཀྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག་མའི་རྩ།

vajradhātvīśvarīnāḍī

The most sensitive spot of the woman’s genitals.

g.272

Nimb tree

nim ba

ནིམ་བ།

nimba

Azadirachta indica.

g.273

Nine sections of scripture

gsung rab yan lag dgu

གསུང་རབ་ཡན་ལག་དགུ

navāṅgapravacana

g.274

Nirmāṇakāya

sprul pa’i sku

སྤྲུལ་པའི་སྐུ།

nirmāṇakāya

The “body of transformation,” one of the three (sometimes four) bodies of the Buddha.

g.275

Noble eightfold path

’phags pa’i lam yan lag brgyad

འཕགས་པའི་ལམ་ཡན་ལག་བརྒྱད།

āryāṣṭāṅgamārga

g.276

Nut grass

mon lug

མོན་ལུག

mustaka

Cyperus rotundus.

g.277

Oleogum resin

spos dkar

སྤོས་དཀར།

sarjarasa

Vateria indica.

g.278

One-pointed mind

yid rtse gcig

ཡིད་རྩེ་གཅིག

ekāgracitta

The mind focused one-pointedly.

g.279

Oṣaṇī

do Sha Ni
oM Sha Ni

དོ་ཥ་ཎི།
ཨོཾ་ཥ་ཎི།

oṣaṇī

This has not been identified.

g.280

Ox horn

glang gi rwa

གླང་གི་རྭ།

balīvardhaśṛṅga

g.281

Pacifying

zhi ba

ཞི་བ།

śānti
śāntika

Peace; one of the four main types of enlightened activity.

g.282

Padminī

pad+ma can

པདྨ་ཅན།

Padminī

g.283

Pala

srang

སྲང་།

pala

As a unit of weight, it equals four karṣa; as a unit of capacity, it equals about seven cubic inches, but this may vary from source to source.

g.284

Panicled foldwing

kA ka ji gha

ཀཱ་ཀ་ཇི་གྷ།

kākajaṅghā

Dicliptera paniculata .

g.285

Parṇaśāvarī

lha mo par+Na sha ba ri

ལྷ་མོ་པརྞ་ཤ་བ་རི།

Parṇaśāvarī

A female deity in a variant of the maṇḍala of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa.

g.286

Passion Vajrī

’dod chags rdo rje ma

འདོད་ཆགས་རྡོ་རྗེ་མ།

Rāgavajrī

Consort of Red Acala.

g.287

Paṭaha drum

rnga pa Ta ha

རྔ་པ་ཊ་ཧ།

paṭaha

g.288

Paṭṭikā

snam bu

སྣམ་བུ།

paṭṭikā

Curtains of pearl necklaces suspended from the walls of the inner rectangle of the maṇḍala.

g.289

Penis

ling ga
rdo rje

ལིང་ག
རྡོ་རྗེ།

liṅga
vajra

Liṅga and vajra have many other meanings (too many to list here).

g.290

Perfection of Wisdom

shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin ma

ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་མ།

Prajñāpāramitā

The perfection of wisdom personified.

g.291

Perfumed cherry

pri yang ku

པྲི་ཡང་ཀུ

priyaṅgu

Callicarpa macrophylla.

g.292

Pigeon’s droppings

phug ron

ཕུག་རོན།

pārāvataviṣṭhā

g.293

Pigment of bovine gallstones

gi wang

གི་ཝང་།

gorocanā

g.294

Pīlupāla

pI lu pa la

པཱི་ལུ་པ་ལ།

Pīlupāla

g.295

Piśāca

sha za

ཤ་ཟ།

piśāca

A class of spirits.

g.296

Placenta

skyes pa’i mal stan

སྐྱེས་པའི་མལ་སྟན།

garbhaśayyā

g.297

Pongam oil tree

’jam ’bras

འཇམ་འབྲས།

karañja

Pongamia pinnata.

g.298

Portico

sgo khyud

སྒོ་ཁྱུད།

niryūha

g.299

Possessed of Wisdom‌

ye shes spyan

ཡེ་ཤེས་སྤྱན།

jñānavatī

The thirteenth bodhisattva level.

g.300

Potash

k+Sha ra

ཀྵ་ར།

kṣara

g.301

Prāṇa

srog rlung

སྲོག་རླུང་།

prāṇa

Vital air in general, and also the vital air (one of the five) centered around the heart.

g.302

Pratyekabuddha

rang sangs rgyas

རང་སངས་རྒྱས།

pratyekabuddha

“Solitary buddha,” so called because he attains nirvāṇa on his own.

g.303

Pravāla fish

bra bA la’i nya

བྲ་བཱ་ལའི་ཉ།

pravāla

g.304

Preliminary practice

sngon du bsnyen pa

སྔོན་དུ་བསྙེན་པ།

pūrvasevā

A period of formal practice, usually lasting six months, before the practitioner can employ the mantra for specific purposes.

g.305

Preta

yi dags

ཡི་དགས།

preta

A class of spirits sometimes called hungry ghosts.

g.306

Pūjā

mchod pa

མཆོད་པ།

pūjā

Worship that involves making offerings.

g.307

Pūraka

pU ra ka

པཱུ་ར་ཀ

pūraka

Retention of breath after inhalation (one of the four stages during a single breath).

g.308

Pure

dri ma med pa

དྲི་མ་མེད་པ།

vimalā

The second bodhisattva level.

g.309

Purities

rnam par dag pa

རྣམ་པར་དག་པ།

viśuddhi

The pure category, usually beyond the mundane, represented by any ritual implement, iconographic feature, or any other tangible element of worship.

g.310

Pūrṇabhadra

gang ba bzang po

གང་བ་བཟང་པོ།

Pūrṇabhadra

God of wealth.

g.311

Purslane

lo Ni ya

ལོ་ཎི་ཡ།

loṇikā
loṇiya

Portulaca oleracea, Portulaca quadrifida.

g.312

Puṣya

rgyal

རྒྱལ།

puṣya

The sixth (sometimes the eighth) lunar asterism.

g.313

Quicksilver

mngul chu

མངུལ་ཆུ།

pārada
rasa
sūta

g.314

Rāhu

sgra gcan

སྒྲ་གཅན།

Rāhu

The demon who causes an eclipse.

g.315

Rainbow

dbang po’i gzhu

དབང་པོའི་གཞུ།

śakracāpa, etc.

g.316

Rajobhuva

rdul tshon sa

རྡུལ་ཚོན་ས།

rajobhuva

A particular part of the maṇḍala (?); the Tibetan reads “sand-colored ground”.

g.317

Rākṣasa

srin po

སྲིན་པོ།

rākṣasa

A class of demons.

g.318

Rākṣasī

srin mo

སྲིན་མོ།

rākṣasī

A female rākṣasa.

g.319

Rāmadeva

rA ma de ba

རཱ་མ་དེ་བ།

Rāmadeva

The name of a vetāla.

g.320

Rāmadūtī

rA ma du ti

རཱ་མ་དུ་ཏི།

rāmadūtī

This has not been identified.

g.321

Raṇḍa

raN+Da

རཎྜ།

raṇḍa

This term can be a name of various plants.

g.322

Rasanā

ro ma

རོ་མ།

rasanā

The prāṇa channel on the right side of the body.

g.323

Ratī

dga’ ma

དགའ་མ།

Ratī

g.324

Ratipriyā

dga’ ma dang yid ’ong ma

དགའ་མ་དང་ཡིད་འོང་མ།

Ratipriyā

In the Tibetan, divided into two characters, “Rati” and “Priyā.”

g.325

Ratnasambhava

rin chen ’byung gnas

རིན་ཆེན་འབྱུང་གནས།

Ratnasambhava

One of the five buddhas.

g.326

Raurava Hell

mgu ’bod

མགུ་འབོད།

Raurava

g.327

Realgar

ldong ros

ལྡོང་རོས།

manaḥśilā

g.328

Recaka

re tsa ka

རེ་ཙ་ཀ

recaka

Exhalation (one of the four stages during a single breath).

g.329

Red Acala

mi g.yo ba dmar po

མི་གཡོ་བ་དམར་པོ།

Raktācala

Acala corresponding to Buddha Amitābha in the west of the maṇḍala.

g.330

Red leadwort

ci tra dmar po

ཅི་ཏྲ་དམར་པོ།

raktacitraka
raktacitra

Plumbago rosea.

g.331

Resplendent

’od ’phro ba

འོད་འཕྲོ་བ།

prabhākarī

The fourth bodhisattva level.

g.332

Revatī

re ba tI

རེ་བ་ཏཱི།

Revatī

g.333

Ṛṇṭaka

dheN+Du ka

དྷེཎྜུ་ཀ

ṛṇṭaka (?)

g.334

Root mantra

rtsa ba’i sngags

རྩ་བའི་སྔགས།

mūlamantra

g.335

Rurucaṇḍaruk

ru ru caN+Da ru ka

རུ་རུ་ཅཎྜ་རུ་ཀ

Rurucaṇḍaruk

g.336

Rust of iron

ljags kyi phye ma

ལྗགས་ཀྱི་ཕྱེ་མ།

lohacūrṇa

g.337

Śacī

dbang mo

དབང་མོ།

Śacī

The wife of Indra; also the name of an apsaras.

g.338

Sādhaka

sgrub pa po

སྒྲུབ་པ་པོ།

sādhaka

One who performs a sādhana.

g.339

Sādhana

sgrub thabs

སྒྲུབ་ཐབས།

sādhana

Practice involving mantra and visualization.

g.340

Safflower

le brgan rtsi

ལེ་བརྒན་རྩི།

kusumbha

Carthamus tinctorius.

g.341

Śakra

brgya byin

བརྒྱ་བྱིན།

Śakra

One of the names of Indra.

g.342

Samāna

mnyam gnas

མཉམ་གནས།

samāna

One of the five vital airs, centered in the navel area.

g.343

Samantabhadra

kun tu bzang po

ཀུན་ཏུ་བཟང་པོ།

Samantabhadra

A Buddhist deity; the name of a bodhisattva; also the name of the deity asking Vajrasattva questions at the time of the delivery of the CMT.

g.344

Samaya

dam tshig

དམ་ཚིག

samaya

The bond with the master, deity, and the mantra, based on the pledge or commitment made during an empowerment.

g.345

Saṃbhogakāya

longs sbyod rdzogs pa’i sku

ལོངས་སྦྱོད་རྫོགས་པའི་སྐུ།

saṃbhogakāya

The “body of bliss,” one of the three (sometimes four) bodies of the Buddha.

g.346

Śaṃkāriṇī

shaM kA ri NI

ཤཾ་ཀཱ་རི་ཎཱི།

Śaṃkāriṇī

A goddess invoked to counter the effects of poison.

g.347

Saṃkrānti

’pho ba

འཕོ་བ།

saṃkrānti

Unit of time related to the counting of breath.

g.348

Saphara fish

saM pha ra

སཾ་ཕ་ར།

saphara

g.349

Sarasvatī

dbyangs can ma

དབྱངས་ཅན་མ།

Sarasvatī

Goddess of learning; she is visualized as part of the Perfection of Wisdom practice.

g.350

Śaśidevī

zla ba’i lha mo

ཟླ་བའི་ལྷ་མོ།

Śaśidevī

g.351

Sattvaparyaṅka posture

sems dpa’i dkyil krung

སེམས་དཔའི་དཀྱིལ་ཀྲུང་།

sattvaparyaṅka

Sitting posture when the right shank is placed on top of the left shank; there is also a standing version of this posture.

g.352

Sea salt

rgyam tshwa

རྒྱམ་ཚྭ།

saindhava

g.353

Seal

rgyas btab

རྒྱས་བཏབ།

mudrita

Having a particular deity at the top of one’s head.

g.354

Seed

sa bon

ས་བོན།

bīja

Seed of a plant; the syllable from which a deity manifests.

g.355

Semen

shu kra
khu ba

ཤུ་ཀྲ།
ཁུ་བ།

śukra

The word śukra may also refer to the female sexual fluid.

The Tantra of Caṇḍa­mahā­roṣaṇa

Toh 431

Absorption

Acala

Accomplishment

Action-accomplishing wisdom

Ajowan

Akṣobhya

All Luminous

Aloe vera

Ālokinī

Amitābha

Amoghasiddhi

Āṇā

Ananta

Anurāginī

Apāna

Aparājita

Apsaras

Ārambhā

Ardhaparyaṅka

Arjuna tree

Arundhatī

Asafetida

Āśleṣa

Aśoka tree

Asura

Auspicious Intelligence

Avadhūtī

Avalokiteśvara

Avīci Hell

Bandhūka

Bastard rosewood

Baṭuka

Bawchan seed

Bdellium

Beacon of Light

Beeswax

Bel fruit

Belleric myrobalan

Betel

Bhaga

Bhūmividārī

Bhūta

The Tantra of Caṇḍamahāroṣaṇa